Anomalies of Kidneys and Factors Affecting Renal Function in Veterinary Pathology
An overview of anomalies affecting the kidneys in animals, including ectopic kidney location, renal agenesis, renal aplasia, and renal hypoplasia. The images illustrate anomalies such as fused kidneys and duplication of kidneys, with explanations of occurrence and sequelae. Additionally, factors affecting renal function are discussed, including extrarenal and intrarenal factors that can interfere with kidney function.
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Pathology of Urinary System Dr Deepak Kumar Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Pathology Bihar Veterinary College, Patna -14 Bihar Animal Sciences University Patna
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS Ectopic kidney Location Inguinal region Pelvic cavity Occurrence Pigs and dogs Sequelae Ureteral obstruction leads to secondary hydronephrosis
Fused kidneys Fused kidneys look like horse shoe
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS Persistent Lobuation of kidneys Normal in foetal life Occurrence Dogs, sheep and swine Renal Agenesis Renal agenesis means absence of one or both the kidneys
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS Renal Aplasia It is usually found at necropsy It is seen in Doberman breeds of dogs If unilateral, the condition is compatible with life If bilateral it is usually incompatible with life.
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS Renal Hypoplasia Definition Renal hypoplasia means that the affected kidney is smaller and the unaffected kidney shows compensatory hypertrophy. Criteria for considering the kidneys are hypoplastic include absence of acquired disease, 50% reduction in size, 1/3 rd reduction in mass and reduced number of glomeruli (5-12 glomeruli / LPF normal: 30-35) Occurrence Cattle, pigs and foals Sequelae If unilateral, the other kidney undergoes compensatory hypertrophy
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS Duplication of kidneys Three kidneys may be seen Occurrence - Pigs
FACTORS AFFECTING RENAL FUNCTION FACTORS AFFECTING RENAL FUNCTION Extrarenal Factors Interfering Kidney Function Hemoconcentration Low blood pressure Obstruction to flow of urine Intrarenal Factors Interfering Kidney Function Injury to glomeruli Injury to tubules Alteration in blood supply
