Systems Diagrams Complexity: Carbon Cycle & Whale Pump

Explore labeling and measuring complexities in systems diagrams exemplified by the Carbon Cycle and Whale Pump. Understand the interconnected reservoirs, sources, sinks, and feedback loops with quantifiable relationships and measurable quantities. Dive into the intricate networks of matter and energy flows within these ecological systems.

• Systems Diagrams
• Complexity
• Carbon Cycle
• Whale Pump
• Interconnected Systems

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1. How to Label a Systems Diagram Moving toward greater complexity within systems diagrams. Example of The Carbon Cycle

2. The Carbon Cycle http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/carbon_toolkit/basics.html

3. The Carbon Cycle With Labels Reservoir Source Sink Feedback Feedback Source Reservoir Sink Feedback Source Reservoir Source Source Reservoir Source Feedback Others? Reservoir Sink http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/carbon_toolkit/basics.html

4. The Carbon Cycle With Measurable Quantities Identified ppm Value Can Be Measured % reflectivity g/m3 mm/hr mm/hr Units of Measured Quantity ppm g/m2 lbs CO2/kWh houses/mi2 % coverage W vehicles/hr % cultivated land L/hr g C/kg soil g C/m3 Others? mg/L g C/m3 mm/year http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/carbon_toolkit/basics.html

5. The Carbon Cycle With Quantifiable Relationships Identified Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Others? Flux = The rate of matter or energy movement (amount per unit time) http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/carbon_toolkit/basics.html

6. How to Label a Systems Diagram Moving toward greater complexity within systems diagrams. Example of The Whale Pump

7. The Whale Pump Roman J, McCarthy JJ - Roman J, McCarthy JJ (2010) The Whale Pump: Marine Mammals Enhance Primary Productivity in a Coastal Basin. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013255

8. The Whale Pump With Labels Source Source Reservoir Feedback Sink Reservoir Feedback Reservoir Reservoir Feedback Reservoir Feedback Others? Reservoir Reservoir Sink Source Source Reservoir Roman J, McCarthy JJ - Roman J, McCarthy JJ (2010) The Whale Pump: Marine Mammals Enhance Primary Productivity in a Coastal Basin. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013255

9. The Whale Pump With Measurable Quantities Identified Value Can Be Measured gC/m3 gC/m3 gC/m3 mg/L gC/m3 Units of Measured Quantity mg/L mg/L gC/m3 gC/m3 ppm gC/m3 gC/m3 Others? gC/m3 gC/m3 gC/m3 Roman J, McCarthy JJ - Roman J, McCarthy JJ (2010) The Whale Pump: Marine Mammals Enhance Primary Productivity in a Coastal Basin. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013255

10. The Whale Pump With Quantifiable Relationships Identified Humans Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Squid Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Others? Flux = The rate of matter or energy movement (amount per unit time) Roman J, McCarthy JJ - Roman J, McCarthy JJ (2010) The Whale Pump: Marine Mammals Enhance Primary Productivity in a Coastal Basin. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13255. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013255

11. How to Label a Systems Diagram Moving toward greater complexity within systems diagrams. Example of The Cryosphere

12. The Cryosphere Frozen Water Liquid Water Atmosphere Surface Ice Glacier Snow Sea Ice Ice Sheet Lake Ice Icebergs Perma- frost River Ice Ocean Deborah Gross, Carleton College, and Karl Kreutz, University of Maine, 2015.

13. The Cryosphere With Labels Feedback Frozen Water Source Liquid Water Sink Feedback Atmosphere Source Sink Surface Ice Feedback Feedback Reservoir Reservoir Feedback Reservoir Glacier Snow Sea Ice Ice Sheet Lake Ice Reservoir Reservoir Reservoir Icebergs Perma- frost Reservoir River Ice Ocean Reservoir Others? Deborah Gross, Carleton College, and Karl Kreutz, University of Maine, 2015.

14. The Cryosphere With Measurable Quantities Identified Frozen Water Value Can Be Measured Liquid Water m/yr Gt/yr Atmosphere Surface Ice Units of Measured Quantity Gt/yr Glacier Snow Sea Ice Ice Sheet Lake Ice m Icebergs Gt/yr m/yr Perma- frost River Ice m m Ocean Others? Deborah Gross, Carleton College, and Karl Kreutz, University of Maine, 2015.

15. The Cryosphere With Quantifiable Relationships Identified Frozen Water Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Liquid Water Atmosphere Surface Ice Glacier Snow Sea Ice Ice Sheet Rate/Flux Can Be Determined Lake Ice Icebergs Perma- frost River Ice Ocean Others? Flux = The rate of matter or energy movement (amount per unit time) Deborah Gross, Carleton College, and Karl Kreutz, University of Maine, 2015.