Understanding Fossil Fuels and Pollution: A Comprehensive Overview

 
Fossil fuels and pollution
Which statements are true?
Stretch: Why are fossil fuels such as coal, oil and
gas classed non-renewable?
 
Where is crude oil separated?
 
The refinery- during a process called fractional
distillation
What is released into the
atmosphere when fossil fuels are
burned?
Fossil fuels
 
Fossil fuels include 
coal, oil and natural
gas
. They were formed from the
remains of living 
organisms
 millions of
years ago and they release heat energy
when they are burned. They are non-
renewable. They have chemical energy
stored within them.
 
 
About three-quarters of the electricity
generated in the UK comes from power
stations fuelled by fossil fuels
 
Most fuels contain carbon and/or hydrogen. Some also contain Sulphur.
 
When these fuels are burned in a 
combustion
 reaction atmospheric
pollutants are formed.
Complete combustion
Complete combustion
 of a
hydrocarbon 
fuel
 
occurs when
there is a good supply of
oxygen
.
 
It releases the maximum amount
of 
energy
 and produces carbon
dioxide and water.
 
Methane + Oxygen 
 Carbon dioxide + Water
 
Fuel
 
Plenty of Oxygen
Complete combustion
When fuels contain
Sulphur- Sulphur
dioxide is produced.
Incomplete combustion
Incomplete combustion
 of a
hydrocarbon fuel occurs when there is a
poor supply of oxygen. Less energy is
released. Water is still produced from
the hydrogen atoms.
 
Instead of carbon dioxide, you might get
carbon monoxide
 or 
particulate carbon
,
known commonly as 
soot
, or a mixture of
both.
 
Ethane + Oxygen 
 Carbon Monoxide + Water
 
Fuel
 
Not much Oxygen
Incomplete combustion
 
Or Carbon particulates
Carbon
monoxide is a
deadly gas…
why?
 
The pollutants:
 
Carbon dioxide- is very bad for the environment in large amounts.
Increased cardbon dioxide leads to global warming.
 
Carbon monoxide- is a very dangerous gas that can cause death.
It is colourless, odourless and VERY VERY toxic/poisonous.
 
Carbon particulates- are soot. They cause global dimming, causing
thick smog (smoke and fog). This is harmful for the human lungs.
 
Sulphur dioxide- causes acid rain, which can damage environments
and can be bad for human health.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion? 
Use the
keywords below to fill in the gaps.
In complete combustion there is lots of __________ present when the fuel is
burned. 
___________  __________ is produced during complete combustion.
Carbon dioxide causes global __________.
During incomplete combustion ________  __________ is produced because there is
not as much oxygen produced.
__________ particulates can also be produced in incomplete combustion, this causes
global _________.
KEYWORDS: Carbon monoxide, dimming, warming, Carbon dioxide, Oxygen,
Carbon.
Carbon Monoxide is a deadly gas because…
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________
Burning fuels that contain Sulphur and nitrogen that can lead to __________
__________. Which can be harmful to the environment and to human health.
What gases are produced when burning fossil
fuels?
How is complete combustion different to
incomplete combustion?
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Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable energy sources that release heat energy when burned, but also contribute to pollution when not burned completely. This leads to the release of harmful pollutants like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon particulates into the atmosphere. Complete combustion with sufficient oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water, while incomplete combustion with insufficient oxygen can lead to the formation of carbon monoxide and soot. These pollutants have detrimental effects on the environment, human health, and contribute to global warming.


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  1. Fossil fuels and pollution Which statements are true? Stretch: Why are fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas classed non-renewable?

  2. Where is crude oil separated? The refinery- during a process called fractional distillation

  3. What is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned?

  4. Fossil fuels Fossil fuels include coal, oil and natural gas. They were formed from the remains of living organisms millions of years ago and they release heat energy when they are burned. They are non- renewable. They have chemical energy stored within them. About three-quarters of the electricity generated in the UK comes from power stations fuelled by fossil fuels

  5. Most fuels contain carbon and/or hydrogen. Some also contain Sulphur. When these fuels are burned in a combustion reaction atmospheric pollutants are formed. Complete combustion Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel occurs when there is a good supply of oxygen. When fuels contain Sulphur- Sulphur dioxide is produced. It releases the maximum amount of energy and produces carbon dioxide and water. Methane + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water Fuel Complete combustion Plenty of Oxygen

  6. Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas why? Incomplete combustion Incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel occurs when there is a poor supply of oxygen. Less energy is released. Water is still produced from the hydrogen atoms. Instead of carbon dioxide, you might get carbon monoxide or particulate carbon, known commonly as soot, or a mixture of both. Ethane + Oxygen Carbon Monoxide + Water Or Carbon particulates Fuel Not much Oxygen Incomplete combustion

  7. The pollutants: Carbon dioxide- is very bad for the environment in large amounts. Increased cardbon dioxide leads to global warming. Carbon monoxide- is a very dangerous gas that can cause death. It is colourless, odourless and VERY VERY toxic/poisonous. Carbon particulates- are soot. They cause global dimming, causing thick smog (smoke and fog). This is harmful for the human lungs. Sulphur dioxide- causes acid rain, which can damage environments and can be bad for human health.

  8. What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion? Use the keywords below to fill in the gaps. In complete combustion there is lots of __________ present when the fuel is burned. ___________ __________ is produced during complete combustion. Carbon dioxide causes global __________. During incomplete combustion ________ __________ is produced because there is not as much oxygen produced. __________ particulates can also be produced in incomplete combustion, this causes global _________. KEYWORDS: Carbon monoxide, dimming, warming, Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, Carbon. Carbon Monoxide is a deadly gas because ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ __________ Burning fuels that contain Sulphur and nitrogen that can lead to __________ __________. Which can be harmful to the environment and to human health.

  9. What gases are produced when burning fossil fuels? How is complete combustion different to incomplete combustion?

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