Outdoor Lighting: Ratings, Design, and Guidance

Measurement and Application of “BUG”
(Backlight, Uplight and Glare) Ratings for
Outdoor Lighting
Graeme G Lister and David M Keith
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
1
The Earth at Night
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
2
Outdoor Lighting
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
3
Light for night time  visual activities
Safety/Security
Improve lighting visibility on roadways
Enhance beauty of architecture,  monuments  etc.
Enhance social experience
Positive influence on municipal economy
Potential Negative Aspects of Outdoor Lighting
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
4
Nuisance for local residence
Light Pollution – Dark Sky, Astronomy
Glare
Disturbance of Natural Habitat
Contribution to Carbon Footprint
Outdoor Lighting Design
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
5
Luminaire Optics
Luminaire Location
Light where it is needed
Lighting Quality
Visual Tasks
Aesthetics
Safety
Security
Outdoor Lighting Guidance
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
6
JOINT IDA – IES  MODEL LIGHTING
ORDINANCE (MLO)
IES Luminaire Classification System (LCS) 
for Outdoor Luminaires 
IES TM-15-11
Luminaire Classification System (LCS)
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
7
Defines standard solid angles for evaluation
and comparison of outdoor luminaires
Uses existing photometric test data, easily
incorporated into software tools
Enables designers to evaluate and compare
lumen distribution for various types of
luminaire optics
LCS:
LCS provides guidance in designing outdoor lighting projects,
but cannot account for variations in eye response and
perception
Luminaire System Classification
Three Primary Solid Angles
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
8
Source: IES TM-15-11
Forward Light
Secondary Solid Angle
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
9
Pole mounting height H
FL: 
 
d< 0.6H
FM:
 
0.6H<d<1.7H
FH:
 
1.7H<d<5.7H
FVH:
 
d>5.7H
Source: IES TM-15-11
Backward Light
Secondary Solid Angle
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
10
Pole mounting height H
BL: 
 
d< 0.6H
BM:
 
0.6H<d<1.7H
BH:
 
1.7H<d<5.7H
BVH:
 
d>5.7H
Source: IES TM-15-11
Upward Light
Secondary Solid Angle
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
11
Source: IES TM-15-11
Backlight Ratings (Zonal Lumens)
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
12
Uplight Ratings 
(Zonal Lumens)
Glare
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
13
Luminance too high
Luminance ratio too high
 
- discomfort glare
 
- reduction in visual performance
Glare is in the eye of the beholder
Discomfort Glare
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
14
1.
Luminance of the glare source
2.
Size of the glare source
3.
Position of the source in the field of view
4.
Luminance of the background
Glare Ratings (Zonal Lumens)
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
15
250 W HID Luminaire “Shoebox”
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
16
B2  U0   G2
Photometry
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
17
BUG ratings based on  photometric data ,
measured in IES-approved manner (e.g. LM-35-
02,  HID and Incandescent)
Luminaire lumens calculated based on
measured intensities in specific solid angles
(separation 2.5 deg.)  about the  luminaire.
Rated power, <3% harmonics in wave form
Avoid stray light
How Do We Measure Light?
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
18
Quantity
Direction
Colour
Time
The Trouble with the Lumen
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
19
-
Measures quantity only
-
Colour Blind (no spectral component)
Forward Light:
  
Need to know  
useful 
light
Upward Light
  
Need watts, not lumens
    
Spectra important:
    
- Atmospheric reactions
    
-  Wildlife
    
-  Astronomy
Glare
   
Need spectral information
    
Age of population
   
Conclusions
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
20
BUG ratings are a guide - quantitative, not qualitative
Need for something to augment the lumen
Multi-disciplinary approach (Industry, Municipalities,
Researchers
CORM can play a role in identifying new definitions
Thanks to:
CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD
21
CORM
David Keith
Ceravision
Ref:
Luminaire Classification System
For Outdoor Luminaires
IES TM-15-11
   
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Explore the importance of outdoor lighting in enhancing safety, security, and aesthetics while considering potential negative aspects such as light pollution and disturbance to natural habitats. Learn about BUG ratings, luminaire classification systems, and the impact of luminaire optics on lighting quality and visual tasks. Gain insights into how outdoor lighting can positively influence municipal economies and social experiences.

  • Outdoor Lighting
  • Ratings
  • Luminaire Classification
  • Light Pollution
  • Safety

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  1. Measurement and Application of BUG (Backlight, Uplight and Glare) Ratings for Outdoor Lighting Graeme G Lister and David M Keith 1 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  2. The Earth at Night 2 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  3. Outdoor Lighting Light for night time visual activities Safety/Security Improve lighting visibility on roadways Enhance beauty of architecture, monuments etc. Enhance social experience Positive influence on municipal economy 3 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  4. Potential Negative Aspects of Outdoor Lighting Nuisance for local residence Light Pollution Dark Sky, Astronomy Glare Disturbance of Natural Habitat Contribution to Carbon Footprint 4 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  5. Outdoor Lighting Design Luminaire Optics Luminaire Location Light where it is needed Lighting Quality Visual Tasks Aesthetics Safety Security 5 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  6. Outdoor Lighting Guidance IES Luminaire Classification System (LCS) for Outdoor Luminaires IES TM-15-11 JOINT IDA IES MODEL LIGHTING ORDINANCE (MLO) 6 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  7. Luminaire Classification System (LCS) Defines standard solid angles for evaluation and comparison of outdoor luminaires LCS: Uses existing photometric test data, easily incorporated into software tools Enables designers to evaluate and compare lumen distribution for various types of luminaire optics LCS provides guidance in designing outdoor lighting projects, but cannot account for variations in eye response and perception 7 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  8. Luminaire System Classification Three Primary Solid Angles Source: IES TM-15-11 8 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  9. Forward Light Secondary Solid Angle Pole mounting height H FL: d< 0.6H FM: 0.6H<d<1.7H FH: 1.7H<d<5.7H FVH: d>5.7H Source: IES TM-15-11 9 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  10. Backward Light Secondary Solid Angle Pole mounting height H BL: d< 0.6H BM: 0.6H<d<1.7H BH: 1.7H<d<5.7H BVH: d>5.7H Source: IES TM-15-11 10 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  11. Upward Light Secondary Solid Angle Source: IES TM-15-11 11 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  12. Backlight Ratings (Zonal Lumens) Uplight Ratings (Zonal Lumens) 12 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  13. Glare Luminance too high Luminance ratio too high - discomfort glare - reduction in visual performance Glare is in the eye of the beholder 13 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  14. Discomfort Glare 1. Luminance of the glare source 2. Size of the glare source 3. Position of the source in the field of view 4. Luminance of the background 14 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  15. Glare Ratings (Zonal Lumens) 15 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  16. 250 W HID Luminaire Shoebox B2 U0 G2 16 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  17. Photometry BUG ratings based on photometric data , measured in IES-approved manner (e.g. LM-35- 02, HID and Incandescent) Luminaire lumens calculated based on measured intensities in specific solid angles (separation 2.5 deg.) about the luminaire. Rated power, <3% harmonics in wave form Avoid stray light 17 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  18. How Do We Measure Light? Quantity Direction Colour Time 18 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  19. The Trouble with the Lumen - Measures quantity only - Colour Blind (no spectral component) Forward Light: Upward Light Glare Need to know useful light Need watts, not lumens Spectra important: - Atmospheric reactions - Wildlife - Astronomy Need spectral information Age of population 19 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  20. Conclusions BUG ratings are a guide - quantitative, not qualitative Need for something to augment the lumen Multi-disciplinary approach (Industry, Municipalities, Researchers CORM can play a role in identifying new definitions 20 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

  21. Thanks to: CORM David Keith Ceravision Ref: Luminaire Classification System For Outdoor Luminaires IES TM-15-11 21 CORM 2013, Gaithersburg, MD

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