Electricity and Circuits: Components, Cells, Batteries, and Ratings

 
Course 5 –
Electricity
and Circuits
 
 
Objectives
 
Circuit components
Cells/batteries
Loads
Resistors
Switches
Wires
Overcurrent
Protection devices
 
Relevancy
 
To understand the basics of electricity
To promote an  engineering mindset
NABCEP PV Associate certification
CVQ level 2
 
Cells
 
 
An electrochemical device
consisting of two
electrodes made of
different materials and an
electrolyte
Voltage is produced when
a chemical reaction occurs
between the electrodes
and electrolyte
 
Battery
 
 
Consists of two or more
cells electrically connected
together and packaged as
a single unit
Often used to refer to
multi-cell or single cell
 
Types of Cells
 
Lead-acid
Nickel-cadmium (NiCd)
Carbon-zinc
Alkaline-manganese
 dioxide
Lithium
 
Cells and Batteries
 
Normally classified as primary or secondary
Primary types have a non-reversible reaction
Secondary types have a reversible reaction (rechargeable)
Also classified as dry and wet cell
Dry cells contain either a paste or gel electrolyte
Wet cells must be used upright
All batteries have an internal resistance
 
Primary vs Secondary
 
Primary cells are single use
Alkaline
Carbon-zinc
Rechargeable cells can be recharged
Lithium-ion
Lead-acid
Nickel-cadmium
 
Dry vs Wet Cells
 
Cell Comparison
 
These are some of the cells
that you may come across in
photovoltaics
 
 
(Sailors for the Sea, 2016)
 
Ratings
 
Capacity of a cell/battery is rated in ampere-hours (Ah)
Capacity can change based on:
Temperature
Current drain
Discharge schedule
Final output voltage
With a specified voltage, watt-hours can be calculated
 
Lighting Loads
 
Incandescent
CFL
Miniature lamps
LEDs
Neon
Fluorescent
 
Types of Resistors
 
Carbon-composition
Wire-wound
Cermet
Deposited-film
Conductive-plastic
Surface-mount
 
Switches
 
SPST – single pole single throw
SPDT – single pole double throw
DPST – double pole single throw
DPDT – double pole double throw
Rotary
 
Wires and Cables
 
Solid
Stranded
Romex
Metallic
TC
Wire gauge
 
Overcurrent
 
 
Protection Devices
 
Fuses
Circuit breakers
Fuse resistor
Voltage sensitive/voltage dependent resistor
 
 
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Explore the fundamentals of electricity and circuits, including circuit components, cells, batteries, types of cells, primary vs. secondary cells, dry vs. wet cells, and ratings. Learn about the relevance of this knowledge in engineering and certifications like NABCEP PV Associate. Discover the workings of cells, batteries, and the importance of ratings in determining capacity. Enhance your understanding of electricity with this comprehensive course.

  • Electricity
  • Circuits
  • Components
  • Batteries
  • Ratings

Uploaded on May 14, 2024 | 1 Views


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  1. Course 5 Electricity and Circuits

  2. Objectives Circuit components Cells/batteries Loads Resistors Switches Wires Overcurrent Protection devices

  3. Relevancy To understand the basics of electricity To promote an engineering mindset NABCEP PV Associate certification CVQ level 2

  4. Cells An electrochemical device consisting of two electrodes made of different materials and an electrolyte Voltage is produced when a chemical reaction occurs between the electrodes and electrolyte

  5. Battery Consists of two or more cells electrically connected together and packaged as a single unit Often used to refer to multi-cell or single cell

  6. Types of Cells Lead-acid Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) Carbon-zinc Alkaline-manganese dioxide Lithium

  7. Cells and Batteries Normally classified as primary or secondary Primary types have a non-reversible reaction Secondary types have a reversible reaction (rechargeable) Also classified as dry and wet cell Dry cells contain either a paste or gel electrolyte Wet cells must be used upright All batteries have an internal resistance

  8. Primary vs Secondary Primary cells are single use Alkaline Carbon-zinc Rechargeable cells can be recharged Lithium-ion Lead-acid Nickel-cadmium

  9. Dry vs Wet Cells

  10. Cell Comparison These are some of the cells that you may come across in photovoltaics (Sailors for the Sea, 2016)

  11. Ratings Capacity of a cell/battery is rated in ampere-hours (Ah) Capacity can change based on: Temperature Current drain Discharge schedule Final output voltage With a specified voltage, watt-hours can be calculated

  12. Lighting Loads Incandescent CFL Miniature lamps LEDs Neon Fluorescent

  13. Types of Resistors Carbon-composition Wire-wound Cermet Deposited-film Conductive-plastic Surface-mount

  14. Switches SPST single pole single throw SPDT single pole double throw DPST double pole single throw DPDT double pole double throw Rotary

  15. Wires and Cables Solid Stranded Romex Metallic TC Wire gauge

  16. Overcurrent

  17. Protection Devices Fuses Circuit breakers Fuse resistor Voltage sensitive/voltage dependent resistor

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