The Inspiring Stories of Valentina Tereshkova and Kalpana Chawla
Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space, made significant contributions to the Soviet government. Kalpana Chawla, the first Indian-origin woman in space, excelled in her NASA career. Learn more about their achievements and impact on space exploration.
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Teachers Introduction Rasel Ahmmed Lecturer of English Abeda Noor Fazil Madrasah Gallai, Chandina, Cumilla Mobile:01723491834 E Mail: raselahmmed3@gmail.com
Kalpana Chawla Valentina Tereshkova
Lets learn about these two great women Valentina Tereshkova Valentina Tereshkova from the Soviet Union (now Russia) was the world's first woman to visit space on June 16, 1963. She flew as part of the Vostok 6 mission and spent three days alone in space. Kalpana Chawla Kalpana Chawla is remembered as the first Indian-origin woman to travel to space. Although she left this world at a young age of 40, she left a mark which will last for decades to come. Born in a village in Haryana's Karnal on March 17, 1962, she started working at NASA in 1988 and was selected as an astronaut in 1994.
Valentina Tereshkovas Career From 1966 until 1991 Tereshkova was an active member in the U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet. She directed the Soviet Women s Committee in 1968, and from 1974 to 1991 she served as a member of the Supreme Soviet Presidium. She retired from the Russian Air Force in 1997 with the rank of major general. In 2008 Tereshkova became the deputy chair of the parliament of Yaroslavl oblast as a member of the United Russia party. Three years later she was elected to the Duma, and as of 2023 she still serves in that body. In 2020 she became the subject of political controversy when she introduced in the Duma the constitutional amendment that removed term limits for president Vladimir Putin. Tereshkova was named a Hero of the Soviet Union and was twice awarded the Order of Lenin.
Kalpana Chawlas Career Chawla s first space mission began on November 19, 1997 as part of the six-astronaut crew that flew the Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87. On her first mission, Chawla traveled over 10.4 million miles in 252 orbits of the earth, logging more than 372 hours in space. After the completion of STS-87 post-flight activities, Chawla was assigned to technical positions in the astronaut office to work on the space station, her performance in which was recognized with a special award from her peers.In 2000 she was selected for her second flight as part of the crew of STS-107. This mission was repeatedly delayed due to scheduling conflicts and technical problems such as the July 2002 discovery of cracks in the shuttle engine flow liners. On January 16, 2003, Chawla finally returned to space aboard Columbia on the ill-fated STS-107 mission. Chawla's responsibilities included the microgravity experiments, for which the crew conducted nearly 80 experiments studying earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety.
Later life of Valentina Tereshkova Valentina Tereshkova became a prominent member of the Communist Party and a representative of the Soviet government to numerous international women s organizations and events. She was also a member of the World Peace Council in 1966, a member of the Yaroslavl Supreme Soviet in 1967, and a member of the council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet from 1966 to 1974, when she was elected to the presidium of the Supreme Soviet in 1974.She was the Soviet representative to the UN Conference for the International Women s Year in Mexico City in 1975 with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Tereshkova lost her political standing. She left the space service with the rank of colonel- engineer on April 30, 1997, and is thought to have retired in Moscow. She is still revered as a Russian heroine, and to many of her countrymen, her importance in Russian space history is second only to that of Yuri Gagarin and Alexei Leonov. Since her retirement from politics, she appears in public only rarely, usually at space-related events. Tereshkova Crater on the Moon and asteroid 1671 Seagull (her radio call sign) are named in her honor.
Demise of Kalpana Chawla On January 16, 2003, Chawla launched on board Space Shuttle Columbia once more as part of STS-107. During this 16-day mission, the crew performed over 80 scientific experiments, with Chawla overseeing and conducting microgravity experiments on crystal growth, combustion and fire suppression, as well as prostate cancer. Chawla and the other six crewmembers commander Rick D. Husband, pilot William C. McCool, mission specialists David M. Brown, Michael P. Anderson, and Laurel B. Clark, and payload specialist Ilan Ramon were tragically Shuttle Columbia broke apart during re-entry on February 1, 2003. Chawla posthumously received the NASA Distinguished Service Medal and Congressional Space Medal of Honor in recognition of her career and sacrifice. A selection of her papers are housed in the Smithsonian s National Air and Space Museum Archives. killed when Space
