Polymers and Their Properties
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Polymers
What are Polymers?
Long chains of repeating monomers
Natural Polymers
Silk/Wool
Cellulose/Lignin
Starches/Polysaccharides
DNA/RNA
Rubber
Proteins
Synthetic Polymers
Plastics
Synthetic Fibers (nylon, polyester, etc.)
Films
Elastomers
Adhesives
Synthetic rubbers
Properties of Polymers
Large molar masses
Structure of monomer determines
properties of polymer (and what function
it may serve)
Rubber: liquid at room temperature
Glue
Polymer composed of primarily collagen
Borax (Borate ion, BO
3
2-
)
Glass-Transition Temperature
temperature at which a polymer
transitions from crystalline to amorphous
elastomers (such as rubber) have
relatively low T
G
and are amorphous
under standard conditions
Cross-linking
1839 – Goodyear - vulcanization
By covalently connecting polymer chains,
“solid-like” properties can be obtained
Tensile strength, stiffness, toughness, etc.
Is the polymer crosslinked?
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Diffusion tests
Scanning electron microscope
Swell test
Polymers are long chains of repeating monomers, with both natural and synthetic varieties. Natural polymers include silk, cellulose, and DNA, while synthetic ones encompass plastics, fibers, and elastomers. The properties of polymers, such as molar mass and monomer structure, determine their functions. Cross-linking, as seen in vulcanization, enhances polymer strength and durability. Detecting cross-linking in polymers involves various methods like NMR and microscopy.
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Presentation Transcript
What are Polymers? Long chains of repeating monomers
Natural Polymers Silk/Wool Cellulose/Lignin Starches/Polysaccharides DNA/RNA Rubber Proteins
Synthetic Polymers Plastics Synthetic Fibers (nylon, polyester, etc.) Films Elastomers Adhesives Synthetic rubbers
Properties of Polymers Large molar masses Structure of monomer determines properties of polymer (and what function it may serve) Rubber: liquid at room temperature
Glue Polymer composed of primarily collagen
Glass-Transition Temperature temperature at which a polymer transitions from crystalline to amorphous elastomers (such as rubber) have relatively low TG and are amorphous under standard conditions
Cross-linking 1839 Goodyear - vulcanization By covalently connecting polymer chains, solid-like properties can be obtained Tensile strength, stiffness, toughness, etc.
Is the polymer crosslinked? Nuclear magnetic resonance Diffusion tests Scanning electron microscope Swell test
