Mastering T Commands in Spanish
To form the
tú
commands, simply use the
él/ella/Ud
. form of the verb in the present
tense.
›
Speak! ¡Habla!
›
Run! ¡Corre!
›
Walk! ¡Camina!
›
Study! ¡Estudia!
›
Look! ¡Mira!
There are eight verbs with irregular
affirmative
tú
command forms. These
must be memorized.
›
decir (to say/tell): di
›
hacer (to do/make): haz
›
ir (to go): ve
›
poner (to put/place): pon
›
salir (to leave/go out): sal
›
ser (to be): sé
›
tener (to have): ten
›
venir (to come): ven
For reflexive verbs, we attach the
reflexive pronouns to the end of the
command, adding an accent mark. We
place the marks on what was the next-
to-the-last syllable before we added the
pronoun.
›
Stand up! ¡Levántate!
›
Go away! ¡Vete!
›
Sit down! ¡Siéntate!
›
Wake up! ¡Despiértate!
The negative of tú commands is formed using
the following formula:
No + yo form of the verb + opposite vowel + s
›
Don’t speak! ¡No hables!
›
Don’t run! ¡No corras!
›
Don’t walk! ¡No camines!
›
Don’t study! ¡No estudies!
›
Don’t come! ¡No vengas!
›
Don’t drive! ¡No conduzcas!
Note: If the “yo” form of the verb is irregular, the
negative tú command for that verb will also be
irregular. Stem-changing verbs will also change in the
negative forms.
Reflexive verbs use the same formula;
however, the reflexive pronoun is placed
between the “no” and the command
form.
›
Don’t stand up! ¡No te levantes!
›
Don’t go (away)! ¡No te vayas!
›
Don’t sit down! ¡No te sientas!
›
Don’t fall asleep! ¡No te duermas!
There are five verbs with irregular
negative
tú
commands forms. These
must be memorized.
dar (to give): no des
estar (to be): no
estés
ir (to go): no vayas
saber (to know): no sepas
ser (to be): no seas
Some spelling changes occur to
preserve the sound of the infinitives of
the verbs used.
In -car verbs, the
c
changes to
qu
. In -
gar verbs, the
g
changes to
gu
.
›
JUGAR: Don’t play! ¡No
jue
gu
es
!
›
BUSCAR: Don’t look for…! ¡No
bus
qu
es
!
›
PAGAR: Don’t pay! ¡No
pa
gu
es
!
›
PRACTICAR: ¡No
practi
qu
es
!
Learn how to form affirmative and negative T commands in Spanish, including irregular forms and reflexive verbs. Understand the rules and exceptions for creating commands to communicate effectively in Spanish. Improve your command of the language with practical examples and tips for each type of command.
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Presentation Transcript
T Commands: Affirmative and Negative Espa ol II
Forming affirmative t commands To form the t commands, simply use the l/ella/Ud. form of the verb in the present tense. Speak! Habla! Run! Corre! Walk! Camina! Study! Estudia! Look! Mira!
Irregular affirmative t commands There are eight verbs with irregular affirmative t command forms. These must be memorized. decir (to say/tell): di hacer (to do/make): haz ir (to go): ve poner (to put/place): pon salir (to leave/go out): sal ser (to be): s tener (to have): ten venir (to come): ven
Affirmative t commands for reflexive verbs For reflexive verbs, we attach the reflexive pronouns to the end of the command, adding an accent mark. We place the marks on what was the next- to-the-last syllable before we added the pronoun. Stand up! Lev ntate! Go away! Vete! Sit down! Si ntate! Wake up! Despi rtate!
Forming negative t commands The negative of t commands is formed using the following formula: No + yo form of the verb + opposite vowel + s Don t speak! No hables! Don t run! No corras! Don t walk! No camines! Don t study! No estudies! Don t come! No vengas! Don t drive! No conduzcas! Note: If the yo form of the verb is irregular, the negative t command for that verb will also be irregular. Stem-changing verbs will also change in the negative forms.
Negative t commands for reflexive verbs Reflexive verbs use the same formula; however, the reflexive pronoun is placed between the no and the command form. Don t stand up! No te levantes! Don t go (away)! No te vayas! Don t sit down! No te sientas! Don t fall asleep! No te duermas!
Irregular negative t commands There are five verbs with irregular negative t commands forms. These must be memorized. dar (to give): no des estar (to be): no est s ir (to go): no vayas saber (to know): no sepas ser (to be): no seas
Spelling changes (-car and - gar verbs) Some spelling changes occur to preserve the sound of the infinitives of the verbs used. In -car verbs, the c changes to qu. In - gar verbs, the g changes to gu. JUGAR: Don t play! No juegues! BUSCAR: Don t look for ! No busques! PAGAR: Don t pay! No pagues! PRACTICAR: No practiques!
