Cell Membrane Structure and Proteins
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Cells and Organelles;
The Cell Membrane
Book Reference: p.16-p.19
Do all membranes have the
same basic structure?
•
Both the cell surface
membrane and the
membranes
surrounding certain
organelles have the
same basic structure.
Much of the
membrane is made up
of a 'sea' of
phospholipids with
protein molecules
'floating' in between
the phospholipids
.
Where are proteins located
within the membrane?
•
What is an
intrinsic
protein?
•
What is an
extrinsic
protein?
•
Why is it called
the
fluid mosaic
model
?
INTRINSIC 1:
Channel Proteins
•
Allow movement
of substances,
such as glucose,
across the
membrane
•
NO ATP
REQUIRED
•
Actively
transport
substances, such
as minerals,
across the
membrane
•
ATP is
REQUIRED
INTRINSIC 2:
Carrier Proteins
(a) Channel VS (b) Carrier
Proteins
Bilayer; Phospholipids
•
What is the
bilayer?
•
The
phosphate
heads
are
polar
molecules
and so
are
water-soluble.
•
The
lipid tails
are
non-polar
and
therefore are
not
water-soluble.
Why do phospholipids have
both a hydrophilic and a
hydrophobic part?
•
The
phosphate
heads
are
polar
. Are
they
water-soluble
?
•
The
lipid tails
are
non-polar.
Are they
water-soluble?
What is a
polysaccharide?
•
Clue:
polymer;
monomer;
carbohydrate
Glyco……what?
•
What is the
difference
between a
glycoprotein
and a
glycolipid
?
What is the role of
glycoproteins?
•
They may help in
the recognition of,
and interaction
with, other cells.
They may also play
a part in the
recognition of
hormones and
foreign molecules.
What is the role of
cholesterol in the cell
membrane?
•
Cholesterol is also
present in the
membrane. It
maintains the fluidity
and increases the
stability
of the
membrane.
Without
cholesterol the
membrane would easily
split apart
Cell membrane: Functions
1.
Selectively permeable barrier
.
2.
Structural, keeping the cell contents
together.
3.
Allows communication with other cells.
4.
Allows recognition of other external
substances.
5.
Allows mobility in some organisms, e.g.
amoeba.
6.
The site of various chemical reactions.
Cells and Organelles;
Tissues
•
Some organisms do exist as
single cells - for example,
Amoeba,
•
but many organisms are
multicellular and consist of
from hundreds to billions of
cells.
•
The functions of the organism
are divided up amongst the
groups of cells, which become
specialised for particular
roles.
•
Specialised cells show division
of labour by being grouped
into
tissues
.
What is a Tissue?
Definition
•
A tissue is defined as
a collection of cells,
together with any
extracellular
secretion, that is
specialised to perform
one or more particular
function. Tissues may
contain only one type
of cell, or several
types.
Website Reference:
www.s-cool.co.uk
go to Biology and then:
1.Cells and Organelles
2.Gas Exchange
3.Transport
This powerpoint was kindly donated to
www.worldofteaching.com
http://www.worldofteaching.com
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submitted by teachers. This a free site. Please visit
and I hope it will help in your teaching
Exploring the basic structure of membranes, the distribution of proteins within the membrane, intrinsic vs. extrinsic proteins, the fluid mosaic model, phospholipids forming the bilayer, the role of hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in phospholipids, polysaccharides, and the differences between glycoproteins and glycolipids.
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Presentation Transcript
Cells and Organelles; The Cell Membrane Book Reference: p.16-p.19
Do all membranes have the same basic structure? Both the cell surface membrane and the membranes surrounding certain organelles have the same basic structure. Much of the membrane is made up of a 'sea' of phospholipids with protein molecules 'floating' in between the phospholipids.
Where are proteins located within the membrane? What is an intrinsic protein? What is an extrinsic protein? Why is it called the fluid mosaic model?
INTRINSIC 1: Channel Proteins Allow movement of substances, such as glucose, across the membrane NO ATP REQUIRED
INTRINSIC 2: Carrier Proteins Actively transport substances, such as minerals, across the membrane ATP is REQUIRED
(a) Channel VS (b) Carrier Proteins
Bilayer; Phospholipids What is the bilayer? The phosphate heads are polar molecules and so are water-soluble. The lipid tails are non-polar and therefore are not water-soluble.
Why do phospholipids have both a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part? The phosphate heads are polar. Are they water-soluble? The lipid tails are non-polar. Are they water-soluble?
What is a polysaccharide? Clue: polymer; monomer; carbohydrate
What is the difference between a glycoprotein and a glycolipid? Glyco what?
What is the role of glycoproteins? They may help in the recognition of, and interaction with, other cells. They may also play a part in the recognition of hormones and foreign molecules.
What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane? Cholesterol is also present in the membrane. It maintains the fluidity and increases the stability of the membrane. Without cholesterol the membrane would easily split apart
Cell membrane: Functions 1. Selectively permeable barrier. 2. Structural, keeping the cell contents together. 3. Allows communication with other cells. 4. Allows recognition of other external substances. 5. Allows mobility in some organisms, e.g. amoeba. 6. The site of various chemical reactions.
Cells and Organelles; Tissues Some organisms do exist as single cells - for example, Amoeba, but many organisms are multicellular and consist of from hundreds to billions of cells. The functions of the organism are divided up amongst the groups of cells, which become specialised for particular roles. Specialised cells show division of labour by being grouped into tissues.
What is a Tissue? Definition A tissue is defined as a collection of cells, together with any extracellular secretion, that is specialised to perform one or more particular function. Tissues may contain only one type of cell, or several types.
Website Reference: www.s-cool.co.uk go to Biology and then: 1.Cells and Organelles 2.Gas Exchange 3.Transport
This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com Is home to well over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This a free site. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching
