Are you frequently plagued by upper and middle back pain? Whether it's due to long hours at a desk, poor posture, or other lifestyle factors, Upper and middle back pain can be a common ailment caused by various factors such as poor posture, muscle strain, injury, or underlying medical conditions. Fi

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Explore the intricate details of bone structure and function, from the classification of bones by shape to the constituents of bone tissue. Learn about the essential role bones play in providing structural support, protection, and blood cell production. Delve into the anatomy of long and flat bones,

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PowerPoint slides shed light on the unethical history and persistent issue of the illegal bone trade in India, questioning the ethical implications of using bones from questionable sources in education. The trade's colonial roots, lack of consent, and profiting from the vulnerable raise concerns abo

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In a human body the shoulder is the most complicated as well as the most flexible joint. The shoulder connects the upper arms of the body with the torso. It is made up of three bones, they are: the clavicle or the collarbone, the scapula which is also known as the shoulder blade, and the humerus or

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The carpus of ox consists of six bones arranged in two rows - four in the proximal and two in the distal rows. These bones include the radial carpal, intermediate carpal, ulnar carpal, accessory carpal, and fused second and third carpal bones. Each bone has specific features and articulations contri

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Tarsal bones in veterinary anatomy play a crucial role in the structure of an animal's hind limbs. Comprising five short bones arranged in distinct rows, including the tibial, fibular, and central tarsals, the tarsus supports movement and stability. The largest tarsal, known as the calcaneal tubercl

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Proposed solution entails a makeup application device designed for bilateral upper limb amputees, enabling independent makeup application. The device incorporates three components: an intermediary device, makeup brush end-effectors, and a change-out station/makeup case. Addressing the need for empow

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The skeletal system is crucial for protecting organs, providing structure for movement, storing minerals, and producing blood cells. It consists of the axial and appendicular skeleton, with bones classified into long, short, flat, and irregular shapes. Long bones, such as the femur, play a key role

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Explore the classification of bones based on shape, learn about the functions of bones in supporting the body and protecting vital organs, and understand the different bone markings that serve as attachment sites and joint formations.

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Animals have evolved remarkable adaptations to cope with hot climates, including physiological responses such as sweating and changes in body size and limb length. Temperature stress can affect their functioning, making thermoregulation crucial. Bergmann's rule and Allen's rule explain how body size

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Bones, hooves, and horns from slaughterhouse byproducts hold significant value and can be utilized for various purposes. Bones contain organic and inorganic matter, with applications in manufacturing, poultry feeds, and pottery. Hooves and horns contribute to gelatine and glue production, derived fr

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The brachial plexus is a crucial network of nerves in the upper limb, formed by nerve fibers originating from C5 to T1 spinal levels. It plays a significant role in innervating the upper extremity muscles and providing sensory feedback. The plexus is categorized into roots, trunks, divisions, cords,

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Bones and muscles of the pelvic limb, including the pelvis, thigh, leg, and foot, are detailed in this informative content. It covers the general designations of pelvic bones, descriptions of bones along with muscle attachments in various animals, and specifics about the hip bone structure and forma

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The upper limb anatomy includes detailed descriptions of the clavicle, scapula, and humerus bones. The clavicle is a long bone that articulates with the sternum and scapula, while the scapula lies on the posterior chest wall and has important bony landmarks like the acromion and glenoid cavity. The

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This content provides a detailed comparison of sesamoid bones in different animals such as ox, sheep, goat, horse, pig, dog, and fowl. It highlights the variations in size, shape, and structure, showcasing how these bones differ in anatomy across species.

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The metatarsus bones of an ox consist of fusion of large and small metatarsal bones. The large metatarsal bone has distinct features at its proximal and distal extremities, while the small metatarsal is disc-shaped and located at the postero-medial aspect. The ox also has three metatarsal bones, one

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Study of the abdominal bones in the ox highlights characteristics like elongated transverse and curved articular processes, whereas differences in horse bones include shorter bodies and varying curvature of transverse processes. Understanding these anatomical variances provides insights into the uni

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Osteology is the study of anatomical structures such as bones, cartilages, and the skeleton that support and protect the body. It includes the classification of bones based on shape and function, details on bones of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, and the divisions of the skeleton into axial, appendi

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Exploring the intricacies of upper limb deep tendon reflexes (DTR) examination, this comprehensive guide elaborates on the monosynaptic stretch reflex mechanism, protective role of stretch reflexes, grading of reflexes, factors influencing reflex activity, and reinforcement techniques like the Jendr

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The Upper Thames Hydro project aims to install hydropower turbines at 4 weirs on the upper Thames to generate electricity for local use and contribute to the grid. The project has achieved a positive feasibility study, outlined plans, engaged with local stakeholders, and obtained guidance from relev

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The wrist complex consists of the radiocarpal joint and midcarpal joint, formed by various bones and ligaments. The radiocarpal joint involves the radius, radioulnar disc, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones. In a neutral position, the ulna does not participate in this joint. The midcarpal joint

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The skeletal system, composed of bones and cartilage, plays crucial roles in support, protection, mineral homeostasis, blood-cell formation, and triglyceride storage. Bones consist of organic collagen matrix, inorganic mineral salts, and water, with two main types of bone tissue - cortical and cance

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Investigating the prevalence, factors, and treatment options for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, focusing on median nerve entrapment in the upper limb. The study aims to provide insights into this condition through a thorough literature review and research objectives.

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Explore radiographic imaging techniques for upper limbs including fingers and thumbs at the Radiology Techniques Department of Al-Mustaqbal University College. Learn about PA, lateral, oblique, and AP views for detailed analysis. Proper positioning and imaging guidelines are provided to ensure accur

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In this unit, you will delve into the fascinating world of human bones. From the skull to the legs, discover the vital roles each bone plays in our body. Learn about the human skeleton, identify important bones, and understand the functions of key body parts. Engage with interactive activities and b

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Explore the classification and main features of bones in the upper and lower limbs, including the arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg, foot, and pectoral girdle. Learn about the clavicle, scapula, and humerus in detail, identifying key structures and functions to enhance your knowledge of human anatomy.

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Dr. Mahdi H. Hammadi, PhD, Sc. in Clinical Physiology, provides an insightful look into the bones of the appendicular skeleton, including the shoulder girdle, upper limbs, wrist bones, and hand bones. The text covers the composition and functions of these skeletal elements in a comprehensive manner,

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Limb development begins in the fourth week of embryonic development, with limbs forming from paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm. The process involves mesenchyme condensation, chondrocyte differentiation, and endochondral bone formation. Limb defects can occur, affecting approximately 1 in 200 live

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Learn about the motor and sensory nerve roots essential for evaluating upper and lower limb function, limb reflexes, and pathways of sensation. Understand key differences between UMN and LMN signs, common viva questions, and tips for preparing for finals.

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Bones are essential rigid connective tissues in the human body made up of cells and extracellular matrix. The lecture delves into the cellular components of bone tissue, highlighting osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, each with specific functions in bone maintenance and

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This collection of images and descriptions covers common lower limb injuries, such as neck of femur, femoral fractures, and knee injuries. It provides insights into the assessment, treatment, and potential complications associated with lower limb trauma, emphasizing the importance of prompt evaluati

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The musculoskeletal system, comprising the muscular and skeletal systems, supports body movement, stability, and shape. It includes muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, and joints. This system serves functions like providing support, protection to vital organs, mediating movement, and producing blood

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Disability assessment involves evaluating impairments and functional limitations to determine disabilities, especially in the context of locomotor disabilities. Dr. Nitin Pandey outlines the criteria for certification, highlighting factors like muscle strength, joint motion, coordination, stability,

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Upper extremities are prone to various injuries in sports, including sprains, strains, dislocations, fractures, and repetitive motion injuries like arthritis and tendonitis. The shoulder complex involves bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and articulations. Joints like the sternoclavicular, acromio

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Explore the detailed anatomy of the bones in the lower limb, specifically focusing on the thigh bones - the femur and patella. Learn about the structure, function, and key features of these bones, including their articulations, surfaces, and attachments. Enhance your understanding of the classificat

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Delve into the intricate details of the human skeleton, including the organization of bones in the axial and appendicular skeletons. Learn about the different bones comprising the skeletal system, their functions, and the significance of memorizing 144 bones. Discover learning objectives related to

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This collection of survey results and methodologies highlights the need for consistent and evidence-based care pathways for critical limb ischaemia. Dr. Victoria Burrows and the BSIR R&A Committee provide valuable insights to address pathway delays and improve patient outcomes.

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Explore the detailed anatomy of the gluteal region, posterior compartment of the thigh, blood vessels, nerves, and muscles of the lower limb. Learn about dermatomes, communication areas, muscle actions, Trendelenburg gait, and more. This educational resource is part of a pedorthic program of study f

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Carpal bones are arranged in two rows with distinct features such as the flexor retinaculum and extensor retinaculum that form the carpal tunnel. Radiological features and nutrient arteries of the scaphoid bone are crucial in understanding carpal anatomy. Ossification of the carpal bones occurs in a

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Explore the bones of the lower limb, including the femur and patella of the thigh. Learn about the structure and features of these bones such as the head, neck, trochanters, and shaft of the femur. Enhance your knowledge on the classification of bones in the thigh, leg, and foot regions, distinguish

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