Exploring Germanic Tribes and Languages in History
Delve into the ancient Germanic tribes and languages, their territories, movements during the Migration Period, surviving languages, writing systems, and encounters with prominent historical figures like Roman generals. Learn about the earliest mentions of Germans by Greek travelers and astronomers,
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Introduction to Regular Expressions and Equivalence to Finite Automata
Regular expressions (REs) are used to describe languages by algebra and are equivalent to finite automata. They define regular languages precisely using operations like union, concatenation, and Kleene star. The concatenation of languages combines strings from two languages, while the Kleene star re
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European Day of Languages QUIZ
Explore interesting facts about languages in the world through a quiz. Discover the number of living languages, the origins of written language, official languages like Azeri, and the history of sign languages. Test your knowledge on the European Day of Languages!
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Pursuing MBBS in Iran: A Pathway to Excellence in Medical Education
One of the biggest advantages of studying MBBS in Iran is the relative affordability of tuition fees. . . to other countries. Iranian universities offer competitive tuition, making medical education accessible to a greater number of students. The cost-effectiveness of studying in Iran allows student
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Exploring Iranian Author Reza Amirkhani's Unique Perspectives
Exploring the insights of Iranian author Reza Amirkhani through his book "Jaanestaan-e-Kaabulistan," delving into his views on the Iranian Islamic Revolution and the 2009 presidential elections in Iran and Afghanistan. Amirkhani's perspective challenges common beliefs about tradition and modernity,
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Overview of Iranian Languages: A Linguistic Analysis Based on Fortson
Iranian languages, divided into Old, Middle, and Modern branches, exhibit distinct phonological and morphological features compared to Indic languages. The presentation explores differences in Iranian phonology, including deaspiration of voiced aspirates and spirantization of voiceless stops, and ex
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Understanding Word Order in Different Languages
Explore the fascinating world of word order in languages. Discover how different languages arrange words in various ways, such as Subject-Verb-Object (SVO), Subject-Object-Verb (SOV), and more. Delve into the diversity of word orders for subjects, objects, and verbs, and uncover how language structu
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Understanding Programming Languages and Translators in Computational Thinking
Programming languages are categorized into generations, from low-level machine code to high-level languages. Translators like assemblers, compilers, and interpreters help convert code for computer execution. Each generation has its characteristics and purposes, affecting ease of programming, debuggi
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Systemic Inequalities Faced by Immigrant Communities in Greater Manchester
Gain insight into the systemic inequalities faced by immigrant communities in Greater Manchester, including definitions of refugees and asylum seekers, a snapshot of refugee and migrant communities in Manchester, the Iranian diaspora in the UK, global migrant statistics, and common health issues fac
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Understanding Recursive vs Recursively Enumerable Languages
Comparison between recursive and recursively enumerable languages in terms of Turing Machines acceptance, decidable languages, recognizable languages, and partial predicates. Explains the concepts with examples and how Turing Machines decide membership in languages.
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Understanding Non-Regular Languages and the Pumping Lemma
Dive into the world of regular and non-regular languages, exploring the concept of the pumping lemma. Learn about different types of non-regular languages and why some languages require an infinite number of states to be represented by a finite automaton. Find out why mathematical proofs are essenti
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Understanding Academic Writing Across Languages: Challenges and Solutions
Explore the historical development of languages in academia and science, equivalence issues, written academic genres, evolution from Latin to national academic languages, and the importance of a common language in academia. Dive into the specialized text structures, syntax, idiomatic phrases, and pr
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Overview of Grammar Types and Chomsky Hierarchy
The four types of grammars are General, Context-Sensitive, Context-Free, and Linear grammars, each recognizing a specific set of languages. Chomsky Hierarchy categorizes these grammars into four levels, indicating subsets of languages they can recognize. Context-free grammars have specific productio
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Understanding Formal Semantics of Programming Languages: From Lambda Calculus to Separation Logic
Explore the foundational concepts of formal semantics in programming languages, covering Lambda Calculus, Untyped and Simply-typed languages, Imperative languages, Operational and Hoare logics, as well as Separation logic. Delve into syntax, reduction rules, typing rules, and operational semantics i
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Understanding Programming Languages: Levels and Basics
Programming languages facilitate communication between humans and computers, with machine language being the fundamental binary code understood by computers. Different levels of programming languages exist, from low-level machine language to high-level languages like C. Natural languages are meant f
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Principles of Programming Languages at Vishnu Institute of Technology
Introduction to Principles of Programming Languages course including prerequisites, objectives, outcomes, and syllabus at Vishnu Institute of Technology. The course covers key concepts, popular programming paradigms and languages, practical knowledge in lexical analysis and parsing, as well as writi
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The Currency of Love: Importance of Communication and the 5 Languages of Love
Understanding the essence of love lies in effective communication and expressing love through the five languages - Words, Gifts, Actions, Time, and Physical Touching. Communication is depicted as the currency of love, essential for deepening bonds between partners. Gary Chapman's concept of the 5 La
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Principles of Programming Languages: Introduction and Machine Language Overview
This material covers the basics of programming languages, including an introduction to a simple language, evaluation methods, and contact information for the instructor. It explains machine language, the native language of computers, and the transition to high-level programming languages. The benefi
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Subject-Object Asymmetries in Zazaki Argument Ellipsis
Many languages allow argument ellipsis (AE), where an argument can be omitted for sloppy or quantificational interpretations. Subject-object asymmetries arise in languages due to subject-verb agreement. This study presents evidence from Zazaki, a Northwestern Iranian language, challenging the anti-a
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Understanding Relational Query Languages in Database Applications
In this lecture, Mohammad Hammoud discusses the importance of relational query languages (QLs) in manipulating and retrieving data in databases. He covers the strong formal foundation of QLs, their distinction from programming languages, and their effectiveness for accessing large datasets. The sess
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Recent U.S. Soldiers' Deaths in Jordan by Iranian-backed Militia: International Relations Impact
A recent drone strike by an Iranian-backed militia in Jordan resulted in the deaths of three U.S. soldiers, heightening tensions between the U.S. and Iran in the Middle East. The attack raises questions about U.S. presence along the Jordan-Syria border, reasons behind the conflict, and potential imp
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Understanding Context-Free Languages and Grammars
Context-Free Languages and Grammars (CFLs & CFGs) are essential in theoretical computer science, providing a framework for recognizing non-regular languages. This content explores the distinction between regular and context-free languages, delves into the construction of language recognizers using c
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Insights into the Iranian Oil Industry
The Iranian oil industry, with a rich history dating back a century, has been shaped by organizations like NIOC and directives from leaders such as Ayatollah Khamenei. This industry plays a pivotal role in global energy markets, with Iran being a significant oil producer and exporter. Initiatives li
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Understanding Languages in Software Development
Exploring the fundamentals of languages in software development, this content covers natural languages, programming languages, and the components of a language like symbols, grammar, and semantics. It delves into the differences between natural and programming languages, highlighting the essential r
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Understanding Communism, Marxism-Leninism, and Socialism Through Visuals
Explore the concepts of communism, Marxism-Leninism, and socialism through images and definitions. Learn about different economic systems and key figures like Leon Trotsky, Che Guevara, and Fidel Castro, and consider why they are idolized by young Iranian children.
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Dutch-Iranian Dairy Co-operation Project Overview
Explore the collaborative potential between Dutch and Iranian partners in enhancing the dairy sector, focusing on quality milk and feed production efficiency. The project involves data collection, field trips, and key issues like quality assurance, feed availability, water efficiency, and education
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The Iranian Revolution: Causes, Events, and Consequences
The Iranian Revolution of 1978-1979 was a significant event in history marked by widespread dissatisfaction with the rule of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, leading to his overthrow and the establishment of a new theocratic constitution under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The revolution was fueled by gri
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The Diversity of European Languages
Europe is home to a rich tapestry of languages, with over 225 indigenous languages spoken, making up only 3% of the world's total. Bilingualism is celebrated for its benefits, facilitating communication, enhancing cognitive abilities, and fostering cultural connections. Despite many languages having
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Understanding Recursive and Recursively Enumerable Languages
Exploring the concepts of decidability and undecidability in computer science, specifically focusing on Recursive and Recursively Enumerable (RE) languages. Recursive languages always halt, while RE languages may or may not halt, showcasing the differences between decidable and undecidable problems.
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Understanding Non-SD Languages in Theory of Computation
Explore the concept of Non-SD languages in the theory of computation, which are larger in number compared to SD languages. Non-SD languages involve infinite search or analyzing whether a Turing Machine will loop indefinitely. Discover examples and insights into proving languages are not SD through c
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Understanding Phonology: The Study of Speech Sounds in Language
Phonology is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the organization and usage of speech sounds in natural languages, with phonemes being the smallest units of sound that carry meaning. This field explores the sound structure of languages, highlighting the variety of phonemes present across differe
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Extending Multilingual BERT to Low-Resource Languages
This study focuses on extending Multilingual BERT to low-resource languages through cross-lingual zero-shot transfer. It addresses the challenges of limited annotations and the absence of language models for low-resource languages. By proposing methods for knowledge transfer and vocabulary accommoda
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Comparative Study on Mongolic and Tungusic Languages
Explore the fascinating linguistics of Mongolic and Tungusic languages, delving into their historical sources, internal reconstruction, morphology, syntax, and class markers. Discover the parallels and differences between these language families, analyzing aspects such as sound systems, lexicon, and
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Exploring Computer Programming Principles
Dive into the world of computer programming, covering high-level and machine languages, compilers, interpreters, writing programs, top-down design, and the array of programming languages available. Understand the essentials of building code to control computers, the diversity of programming language
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Typological Diversity in Azeri and East Caucasian Languages of the Caucasus
Examining the typological diversity in Azeri and East Caucasian languages of the Caucasus, this study by Gilles Authier focuses on the mutual unintelligibility of 30-40 East Caucasian languages, classified into 7-8 subgroups like Nakh, Avar, Lak, Budugh, and Lezgic. The research sheds light on the l
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Exploring Silent Languages: Sign Language, Body Language, and Nonverbal Communication
Delve into the world of silent languages through an introduction to linguistic anthropology in Chapter 5. Explore the transmission of messages without spoken words, the intricacies of sign languages, gestures, body language, and nonverbal communication. Discover the unique syntax and complexity of s
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Celebrating European Day of Languages on September 26th
European Day of Languages (EDL) is celebrated annually on September 26th to honor the linguistic diversity of Europe. Since 2001, this day focuses on the importance of language competence and lifelong learning. People worldwide organize events to promote language learning, engage in discussions, and
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Documenting the Iranian Revolution: T.E.L.E.X.I.R.A.N. & Gilles Peress
Gilles Peress, a renowned photographer, captured the Iranian Revolution in his work titled T.E.L.E.X.I.R.A.N. The project explores the complex relationship between American and Iranian cultures during the tumultuous period between 1979 and 1980 when the American embassy was seized. Peress's images a
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Preserving Australian Indigenous Languages in Education
The development of the Framework for Aboriginal Languages and Torres Strait Islander Languages in the Australian Curriculum aims to give equal representation to Australian languages alongside other world languages in schools. This initiative helps preserve, document, and maintain indigenous language
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Language in Multilingual Societies: Embracing Diversity
In multilingual societies, people navigate daily life using multiple languages for various purposes. From home to work to prayer, different languages play a crucial role in communication and social organization. The interaction of speakers of multiple languages in such environments can lead to langu
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