Region X HIV Programme
Overview of the Region X HIV Programme, including data on population, PLHIV, and the HIV care cascade. Mobilizing, testing, linkage, ART initiation, treatment and retention, challenges among specific populations, and other challenges are discussed.
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Diagnosis and Management of Acute HIV Infection
Guideline aims to recognize the risks, signs, and symptoms of acute HIV infection and to promote HIV testing in individuals presenting with flu-like symptoms or viral syndromes. It provides recommendations for diagnostic testing, treatment, and prevention services to improve patient health and reduc
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Prior Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy in Adult HIV Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa
A systematic review was conducted to assess the proportion of adult HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa with prior antiretroviral therapy experience, specifically focusing on non-naive re-initiators. The study highlighted the challenges faced by these individuals and the need for tailored interventio
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What you need to know about the HPV Vaccine
Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with 6,04,000 new cases in 2020. Women living with HIV are 6 times more likely to develop cervical cancer, compared to the general population, and an estimated 5% of all cervical cancer cases are attributable to HIV. The contributi
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Global Fund Grant for HIV Programs in India (2024-27)
The Global Fund has been supporting HIV, TB, and Malaria programs in India since 2002, with significant grant disbursements. Consultations and meetings have paved the way for allocating funds and determining priorities for the upcoming grant period. The allocation split between NACO and NGPR has bee
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Update on HIV and AIDS Prevention Guidelines 2022
This update highlights key points from the PMK No. 23/2022 on combating HIV, AIDS, and STIs. It covers terminologies, goals for eliminating HIV and AIDS by 2030, and strategies such as PrEP and PEP. The guidelines emphasize timely interventions like Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) and Pre-Exposure P
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Social Network-Based Intervention Improves HIV Testing and Linkage Among Fishermen in Kenya
In sub-Saharan Africa, a study was conducted among Lake Victoria fishermen in Kenya to assess the effectiveness of a social network-based intervention in improving HIV testing and linkage outcomes. Results showed significantly higher rates of HIV self-testing and linkage to health facilities in the
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Insights from the REPRIEVE Trial for Managing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with HIV
Cardiovascular disease is a growing concern in individuals living with HIV, despite advancements in treatment. The REPRIEVE Trial sheds light on the importance of assessing cardiovascular risk and implementing primary prevention measures in this population. Dr. Grinspoon's financial disclosures and
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Understanding HIV and AIDS: Facts and Importance in Oklahoma
Explore essential information on HIV and AIDS, including transmission myths, definitions, the importance of people-first language, and statistics specific to Oklahoma. Learn about the impact of HIV/AIDS in the United States and why accurate understanding and language are crucial in addressing this p
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Understanding Anaemia and Infections in Relation to Health
Anaemia can result from various causes such as blood loss, increased destruction of red blood cells, and impaired production, often linked to infections and chronic diseases. Parasites, bacteria, and viruses play a role in the progression of anaemia, affecting the body's ability to produce and utili
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Understanding Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Cystic Fibrosis
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections present a significant challenge in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). These infections are caused by over 200 species of atypical mycobacteria found in various environments. The CF-ID Clinic plays a crucial role in managing patients with multi-drug re
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Understanding the Differences Between HIV and AIDS, Importance of Prevention
HIV and AIDS are closely related, with HIV being the virus that leads to AIDS. HIV weakens the immune system by attacking specific white blood cells, while AIDS is the advanced stage of HIV infection. Prevention is crucial as AIDS is a deadly, incurable disease. The transmission of HIV primarily occ
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The REPRIEVE Trial: Developing Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Strategy for People Living with HIV
The REPRIEVE trial focuses on developing a cardiovascular disease prevention strategy for individuals living with HIV. It addresses the increased risk of CVD in this population, even with good viral suppression. The study evaluates the use of pitavastatin, a statin with anti-inflammatory properties,
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Estimation of Serious Mycoses Burden in Indonesia
This study estimates the burden of serious fungal infections in Indonesia, a country with rich biodiversity and limited medical mycology facilities. The data indicates a high prevalence of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients and TB cases, with Candidiasis and Cryptococcosis being significant c
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Differentiated Care Approach in HIV Service Delivery
Explore how differentiated care is revolutionizing HIV service delivery by shifting the focus to client-centered approaches. Learn about the current challenges in facility-based care, the needs of people living with HIV, best practices from various countries, and innovative ways to provide different
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV, a member of the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses, causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-1 and HIV-2 have distinct characteristics, with HIV-1 being global and HIV-2 primarily in West Africa. The virus encodes reverse transcriptase and has an envelope containing glycoproteins
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Anaerobic Bacterial Infections: Overview and Clinical Implications
Anaerobic bacterial infections are caused by bacteria that do not require oxygen for growth, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This article delves into the types of anaerobic bacteria, their role in human infections, and common clinical presentations such as abscess formation. Gram-negat
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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in HIV: Addressing Weight Gain Challenges
GLP-1 receptor agonists offer a promising therapeutic approach for weight management in individuals with HIV. Weight gain is a common issue, exacerbated by antiretroviral therapy, and can lead to metabolic risks. This presentation by Dr. Suman Srinivasa discusses the potential of GLP-1 receptor agon
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At-Home HIV/STI Testing Pilot with Simple HealthKit
Communicable Disease Harm Reduction Section collaborated with Simple HealthKit to offer free HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis testing to Wisconsin residents over 18 from August 25, 2023, to October 20, 2023. The aim was to make HIV and STI testing more accessible to those with
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Global Overview of the AIDS Epidemic in 2020
The global AIDS epidemic in 2020 saw 37.7 million adults and children living with HIV, with 1.5 million new infections and 680,000 AIDS-related deaths. Africa remains heavily affected, with 60% of new infections occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. The data highlights the continued challenges in combati
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Understanding Fungi Diversity and Infections in Microbiology
Explore the world of fungi and fungal infections in this foundation block of microbiology. Learn about medically important yeasts, mold fungi, major fungal diseases, antifungal agents, and infection acquisition methods. Dive into hypersensitivity reactions, mycotoxicoses, and various types of fungal
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Importance of Nutrition in the Context of HIV and TB
Malnutrition is common in people living with HIV and TB, exacerbating immune suppression and disease progression. Good nutrition can strengthen the immune system, improve drug adherence, and manage symptoms, while poor nutrition weakens immunity and increases vulnerability to infections. Consequence
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Understanding HIV Drug Resistance in Health Professionals
Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective against HIV but can lead to drug resistance if not taken consistently. HIV mutates rapidly, increasing the risk of drug-resistant strains emerging. Learn about the causes, types of resistance, testing methods, and prevention strategies to combat
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Understanding Virus-Cell Interactions and Infections
Viral infections exhibit diverse cellular tropism based on receptor interactions, impacting cell function through modulation and potential host defense responses. Infections can lead to various outcomes, from cell death to persistent or latent states, with nuanced effects on cellular behavior. Diffe
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Understanding Antiamebic Drugs: A Guide to Managing Protozoal Infections
Protozoal infections, such as amebiasis, are a significant concern globally. In underdeveloped regions and beyond, these infections pose challenges due to inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices. Antiamebic drugs are essential for treating conditions like amebiasis, caused by Entamoeba histolyti
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Understanding HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) and Prevention
HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is a crucial emergency medical response for individuals exposed to HIV, aiming to prevent infection. It involves a regimen of medications, tests, and counseling services initiated within 72 hours of exposure. HIV transmission occurs through body fluids like blood,
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Understanding Systemic Manifestations of AIDS
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV leads to immune system destruction, making individuals vulnerable to opportunistic infections and tumors. Common sexually transmitted diseases like syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea are discuss
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TB and HIV Overview for World TB Day March 2022
This content provides an overview of the relationship between TB and HIV, emphasizing the importance of testing HIV patients for latent TB infection and TB patients for HIV. It also outlines the guidelines for managing these co-infections, including diagnostic tests, treatment strategies, and patien
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West Sussex HIV Testing Plan: Strategies for Improved Diagnosis and Treatment
West Sussex's HIV testing plan for 2022-2025 focuses on reducing domestic transmissions by implementing targeted strategies in primary and secondary care settings. While overall prevalence is low, certain areas in West Sussex exhibit higher rates, necessitating tailored testing approaches. The plan
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Enhancing Support for HIV Prevention Beyond Condom Programming
Persistent gaps in condom use hinder countries from achieving HIV prevention goals. The initiative aims to improve aligned support for HIV prevention beyond traditional condom strategies. Condoms play a crucial role in reducing new infections, alongside treatment, biomedical interventions, behavior
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Understanding Co-morbidities in People Living with HIV
Exploring the various co-morbidities associated with HIV infection and factors contributing to their development. Discussions on disease clusters, impact of risk factors such as smoking and cardiovascular disease, and comorbidities in parents of PLWH compared to HIV-negative individuals. Insights in
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PEPFAR's Focus on Partner Notification Services for HIV Prevention
PEPFAR is intensifying efforts on partner notification services for HIV prevention to address the global issue of undiagnosed HIV cases. The initiative aims to improve testing strategies, increase testing volumes, and enhance epidemic control. By reaching HIV testing targets and implementing efficie
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Understanding Anthelmintics: Drug Therapy for Parasitic Worm Infections in Veterinary Medicine
Anthelmintics are essential drugs to combat parasitic worm infections in animals. They work either by killing (vermicide) or expelling (vermifuge) the worms, reducing worm burdens and controlling infections. This comprehensive overview covers different aspects of anthelmintics, including their prope
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Paediatric HIV Testing and Treatment Guidelines
Understanding the importance of early diagnosis in HIV-infected infants and children is crucial for timely intervention and improved health outcomes. This session covers testing algorithms, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, viral load monitoring, and legal issues related to HIV testing in childr
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Understanding the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections: Antibiotics and Management
This lecture covers the classification of respiratory tract infections and the antibiotics commonly used to treat them. It highlights the types of infections caused by viruses and bacteria, along with their respective treatments. The mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of antibiotics, such as p
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Addressing Viral Load Suppression in Children with HIV: Insights and Recommendations
This study led by Dr. Geoffrey Chipungu, an HIV/AIDS Specialist at UNICEF ESARO, explores the rates, trends, and factors associated with HIV viral load suppression (VLS) in children. The research reveals sub-optimal VLS rates in children compared to adults, highlighting the need for improved policie
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Infectious Diseases 4/5th Semester Classes: Approach & Prevention
Infectious Diseases class focuses on various topics including Antibiotic Stewardship Practices, Community-Acquired Infections, Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria, Spirochetal Diseases, Diseases Caused by Bacterial and Viral Infections, HIV/AIDS, Fungal and Parasitic Infections. The class also
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Update on Advanced HIV Disease in South Africa
Update on advanced HIV disease in South Africa highlights progress in reducing AIDS-related deaths, prevalence rates, and advancements in coordinating and implementing policies and guidelines for HIV/AIDS response. The report covers statistics on HIV prevalence, ART facilities, mortality rates, and
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Understanding HIV: Basics, Stages, and Treatment
HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, attacks the immune system and can progress to AIDS if left untreated. Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) helps control HIV, allowing individuals to live healthy lives. The stages of HIV include Acute Infection, Chronic Infection, and the most severe stage, AIDS. Early de
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Comprehensive District Master Training for DTG in HIV Treatment Knowledge Hub
Under this program, District Master Training on the Introduction of DTG for HIV Infection Treatment is provided, supported by the Knowledge Hub. The initiative offers training materials, guidelines, and videos, accessible through the Knowledge Hub platform. Participants can register through SkillSMA
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