BCG Vaccine: Overview, Administration, and Considerations
BCG vaccine, a live attenuated vaccine, protects against tuberculosis with varying efficacy. It is administered intradermally in the left upper arm, leaving a characteristic scar. Adverse reactions are generally mild, but contraindicated in immunodeficiency or HIV infection.
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BCG Vaccine Dr. Sreela P Paediatrician Assistant surgeon CHC Neduva Malappuram
What is BCG Vaccine? Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) Vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine that protects against Tuberculosis. Only vaccine against tuberculosis Protective efficacy of BCG vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis is only 50% Protective efficacy of BCG vaccine against severe form of tuberculosis is 80% severe form of tuberculosis Miliary tuberculosis Tubercular meningitis
Dose, Route, Site and Schedule of BCG Vaccine Dose 0.1ml Route Intradermal Site Left upper arm at insertion of deltoid Schedule At birth, catch up 1 year (UIP) At birth, catch up 5 year (IAP)
Treatment Reassurance No need of antibiotics No need of excision No need of ATT
If no scar??????????? Reassurance if sure about vaccination no need to repeat it.
Adverse reaction Local ulceration or discharging sinus rarely need surgical excision Axillary or cervical lymphadenitis more likely with subcutaneous injection Disseminated infection Osteomyelitis Scrofuloderma Systemic complications (extremely rare) fever, convulsion, loss of appetite, irritability
Contra indication Immunodeficiency HIV infection
Storage 2-8 degree Celsius sensitive to heat and light Reconstituted with sterile normal saline Discard unused vaccine after 4 hours