Understanding Vaccine Safety, Effectiveness, and Side Effects: A Guide to Better Living
This informative content delves into vaccine safety, effectiveness, and side effects, offering insights into the development stages of vaccines, COVID-19 vaccine comparisons, and an overview of COVID-19 vaccine development. It also explains how vaccines work to protect against viruses and emphasizes the importance of vaccination in improving lives. The content showcases visuals and provides sources for further information, making it a valuable resource for understanding vaccines and their impact on public health.
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Section 2: Vaccine Safety, Effectiveness, & Side Effects Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 1
Safety & Development Overview of the vaccine development process & how scientists ensure vaccine safety Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 2
Vaccine Development Stages The general stages of the development of all vaccines are: Exploratory stage (discovery) Pre-clinical stage Clinical development (three phases) Regulatory review and approval Manufacturing Quality control Source and to learn more: Vaccine Testing and Approval Process | CDC Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 3
COVID-19 Vaccine Development Comparison Source: https://www.nebraskamed.com/COVID/were-the-covid-19-vaccines-rushed Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 4
COVID-19 Vaccine Development The graphic in the last slide shows that vaccine developers did not cut corners, but completed each step faster. The following factors helped save a lot of time: 1. Scientists used research that already existed for the family of viruses that the new virus that causes COVID-19 falls into. 2. Scientists have been studying mRNA vaccine technology for many years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. 3. The was a lot of public interest. Thousands of participants volunteered for clinical trials and they enrolled fast. 4. Facilities for manufacturing the vaccine were built before vaccine development was completed. In the past these were built after the whole process is completed. 5. There was overlap in some of the phases. 6. Teams of people from all over the world collaborated, and worked overtime, on the weekends, and in the evenings to get the vaccine through all steps of the process. They also stopped working on other projects to focus on only the COVID-19 vaccine. Source and for more information on each step visit: https://www.nebraskamed.com/COVID/were-the-covid-19-vaccines-rushed Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 5
How Vaccines Work In the coming slides you ll watch short videos from experts on: The technology in the different types of vaccines. How the vaccines work to safely protect you from the virus without the unknown risks of getting the actual virus. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 6
What is in the COVID vaccines? Yvonne Maldonado, MD Yvonne Maldonado, MD breaks down what's in the COVID vaccines and how they work. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (July 12, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: So, I'll just explain briefly the two types of vaccines that we have available. So, one is the mRNA vaccine and the other is the viral vector vaccine. Now, this mRNA technology was used to develop a very small piece of mRNA that contains the code for the spike protein on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It's a very small piece of messenger RNA and it is not live. It doesn't come from human cells, from animal cells. It doesn't use any live biological products. It is just pieces of nucleic acids that are in a little piece. And they are covered by a fat, a bubble, and they are so fragile that they need this fat bubble to keep them stable. So, they will fall apart if they're not in this little fat bubble. And that's what's injected into the arm. So, it's using your own body's machinery to make little pieces of what looks like the spike protein from the virus, but it's not made from the virus at all. And then, the immune system recognizes those spike proteins and develops immunity to that. So, when you see the actual live virus your body recognizes it right away and destroys the virus. So, it never has access to your DNA. And same thing with the Johnson and Johnson vaccine, it is made from an inactivated viral vector. So, all it makes is protein that looks like the spike protein from the virus. Nothing gets into your DNA. Those virus vectors have been certified by the FDA. They have been tested extensively and they do not get into your human DNA at all. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 7
How do the COVID vaccines work? Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD explains that COVID vaccines help train our immune systems to prevent serious illness. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. For more information go to: http://www.BetweenUsAboutUs.org Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs TRANSCRIPT: Vaccines are supposed to train our body, train our immune system and get it ready so that if we are ever exposed to an illness, a virus, a bacteria as well, our body is ready. We've made those antibodies. We've activated other parts of our immune system to attack it and prevent it from making us really sick. So, that's really it. It s a heads up that we are giving our body. It s a chance to sort of practice to make what s going to protect us in the future. And I think it is also important to remember, it s a safe way to train our immune system. Some people tell me, Well, doctor, why can t I wait to get the disease? And then my immune system is going to react anyway. Aren't I going to mount the antibodies anyway? I just always remind them, Yes, but you run some risks when you get the illness itself. The vaccine is a safe way to give your body a heads up without running those risks and those complications that you could get if you get the real deal illness. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 8
How did we get a COVID vaccine so fast? Susana Morales, MD Susana Morales, MD explains how scientists were able to develop the COVID vaccines so quickly. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: One of the most common concerns that my patients have had about the vaccines is, How did they do it so fast? Everybody says it takes years to develop vaccines. And I honestly was interested in that too. You know, I m a, as a primary care doctor, I talk about vaccines every day, I teach my interns about vaccines, and I was curious like, What is the story with that? So I went back and read about the history of mRNA vaccines, and I learned that actually this research has been going on for decades, but especially the last 10 years. They worked on mRNA vaccines for other coronaviruses. There was one called MERS and there was one called SARS. They didn't end up having to do that one because they were able to control those two coronaviruses. Every vaccine scientist practically in the world turned their attention to COVID. So, you had all these brilliant minds working on it, and money was no object. They were just told, Find the answer. And that's why we've gotten several different vaccines. And there are more in the pipeline because nobody knew which ones were going to work when they started. And there was a prayer really that we would come up with answers, but we didn't know. And then finally, what they also did was they the other investment was in producing a lot of vaccine without knowing the answer to whether or not it was going to work so that if it didn't work, they would throw out the vials. But if it did work, it would be ready to ship out. And that's because that's been startling to people like yesterday, it got approved, and today it's showing up in the pharmacy that. That seems weird to people. But it's because that was the plan, that they didn't want to then wait months for a working vaccine to have to be produced. And so, when people talk about these vaccines as a medical miracle, it kind of is. It's a miracle of cooperation. It's a miracle of putting all that technology and that brain power together. And this is the dream really that vaccine scientists have had. The idea that we would have to wait years for working vaccines while people are dying like crazy, is horrible. So the fact that we were able to achieve working and very, very effective vaccine so quickly is really, you know, has been like the Holy grail. That's what we've all hoped for. And now going forward, I think that the technology that they've used in these vaccines are going to, what they've what everybody is talking about going to revolutionize vaccine science. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 9
Vaccine Safety Safety of the vaccines is very important. Many people still have questions and concerns about vaccine safety. In the coming slides you ll hear from experts on how we know the vaccines are safe, and how the vaccine research was expanded to include people from more communities that may not have been represented in the past. For more information visit: CDC | Ensuring COVID-19 Vaccine Safety in the US Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 10
How do we know the COVID vaccines are safe? Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD explains that the COVID vaccines went through rigorous testing to ensure safety. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: We in this country are really privileged to have a very good, very robust system, that looks at vaccine safety. So, before any vaccine goes on the market there s been months of tests to make sure that it is safe. Those months before vaccine goes on the market are meant to find common side effects that could be serious. And based on those results, we say, Yes or we say No. After a vaccine is approved it doesn't mean we stop looking, right? We keep looking. And when we give it to a lot of people, millions and millions and millions of people, then we re going to find the potential one-in-a-million side effect that could happen. When that happens, the right thing to do is to stop and say, What happened here? So, everyone knows how to treat this if they see it. And so, we don't lose lives. And so, we don't lose hope, and we don't lose our faith in the safety of vaccines. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 11
Does the COVID vaccine research reflect the needs of communities of color? Valerie M. R., MD Valerie Montgomery Rice, MD explains the COVID vaccine research process and how communities of color were included. Black doctors, nurses and researchers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series. THE CONVERSATION: #BetweenUsAboutUs is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with the Black Coalition Against COVID (BCAC). For more information go to: http://www.BetweenUsAboutUs.org. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (January 14 to February 5, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: The NIH set up five different panels of scientists based on they have an African American, they have a Latinx, they have one that deals with geriatric patients, and the Veterans Administration patients and then other Indigenous groups. And they set that up so that we would be able to see the phase one and the phase two data that led to the phase three trial. And also in developing the phase three trial we got to see the consent forms, we got to see all of the information that informed the science, but also would be shared to the volunteers. Would they have this information in a platform or in a culturally linguistically manner, that they would be able to understand it? And not just about the effectiveness of the vaccine, but the safety. And so, I participated in multiple zoom call meetings, looking at that data for the vaccine candidates which was really important to my comfort level. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 12
Effectiveness Information on how the vaccines are preventing serious infection & death Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 13
Purpose of Vaccines The main goal of vaccines are to prevent severe illness and death. Preventing infection altogether is a secondary goal of vaccines. All COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States offer high levels of protection from severe illness and death when a person is fully vaccinated and boosted. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 14
Length of Protection Public health experts are still studying how long protection from the COVID-19 vaccines lasts. Recent studies show that protection against the virus may decrease over time and may vary by age and health status. The CDC recommends boosters as a reminder to the immune system to ensure lasting protection. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 15
Vaccine Effectiveness Getting vaccinated offers protection from severe illness and death in most age groups and health statuses eligible for vaccination. As of December 2021, DHHS found that vaccinated people were 11X less likely to be hospitalized with COVID-19 than unvaccinated people. No vaccine is 100% effective so some people will still get sick or test positive. Check out CDC resources for the latest on vaccine effectiveness: CDC | Vaccine Effectiveness NE DHHS Study Source: https://dhhs.ne.gov/Pages/Pressrelease/11Xlesslikely46Xlesslikely.aspx Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 16
Booster Effectiveness Getting vaccinated and getting boosted offers high levels of protection from severe illness and death in all eligible age groups with different health needs. As of December 2021, DHHS found that vaccinated and boosted people were 46X less likely to be hospitalized than unvaccinated people. No vaccine is 100% effective at preventing people from getting sick so breakthrough cases (testing positive after getting vaccinated) will still occur but are far less likely to result in severe illness or death. For more information on booster shots visit: CDC | COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Shots NE DHHS Study Source: https://dhhs.ne.gov/Pages/Pressrelease/11Xlesslikely46Xlesslikely.aspx Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 17
Do the COVID vaccines work? Susana Morales, MD Susana Morales, MD on how effective the COVID vaccines are at preventing infection and illness. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: I think the number one question of course, that people want to know and that I wanted to know is, Does it work? And what I learned when I did my own research was that all the vaccines that have been approved are very effective. And the most important, you know, the most important thing that I think we all want is we don't want to end up in the hospital, we don't want to end up on a respirator and we don't want to die. And all three actually of the vaccines that have been approved in this country, none of the people that volunteered for those trials were admitted to the hospital on a ventilator or died. Some of them got very mild COVID, but the rate of getting COVID was way less. And so that was impressive. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 18
I'm more worried about the vaccines than COVID... Rhea Boyd, MD, MPH Rhea Boyd, MD, MPH, addresses concerns about safety of the COVID vaccines, and why not to wait to get vaccinated. Black doctors, nurses and researchers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series. THE CONVERSATION: #BetweenUsAboutUs is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with the Black Coalition Against COVID (BCAC). Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (July 12-14, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: What we know for sure is that after we've given the vaccine to hundreds of millions of Americans, they're incredibly safe and incredibly effective. And any of the serious side effects we've seen are exceedingly rare. What we don't know is the additional variants that might pop up that might evade the immune response, might hide away from the immune response our body makes because you received the vaccines. What we don't know is if the vaccines will continue to be effective two years from now or 10 years from now, just from the doses you've already received. But what we do know is that if you get COVID today, you have a very high risk of being, having long COVID or prolonged symptoms, of being hospitalized or even dying of COVID when you compare it to your risk of getting the vaccine. So, from what we know, this vaccine is the most effective way for us to limit the spread of COVID and protect yourself from COVID s most serious complications. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 19
How long does protection from the COVID vaccine last? Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD explains that we're still learning how long protection against COVID-19 lasts after vaccination. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: We re still learning exactly how long we re going to be protected against COVID-19 from the vaccines that are currently available. The data that we ve seen so far says at least six months, but we also have to remember we haven t been vaccinating people for that long, right? So, it might be six months because we haven t tested it that much further out from six months. But it is definitely an area that we re currently looking into. I think the longer they re out in the market and the longer COVID persists in our community, with both of those things together, we re going to be able to tell a little bit better how long we re protected for. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 20
Variants Variants occur when the virus learns and mutates, or changes, to become: More severe More easily spread (transmissible) More easily able to infect those that already have some protection (from either vaccination, infection, or both) A combination of more severe, more transmissible, and/or able to dodge existing protection More vaccinated people means it is harder for the virus to infect people, learn how the body fights it, then mutate to dodge the immune system. This helps protect our communities, especially those most vulnerable, from future variants. Source: IDSA | SARS-CoV-2 Variants Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 21
Variants and Vaccines Vaccines help prevent infection and fight the virus giving it less opportunity to learn and create meaningful mutations. Vaccines can reduce the vulnerability of communities and make large outbreaks from new variants less likely to be severe and negatively impact the community. Vaccines are still effective against all currently known variants. For more information on variants visit: CDC | What You Need to Know About Variants Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 22
Side Effects What to expect after vaccination, common vs. rare side effects Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 23
Side Effects Graphic Source: CDC Severe side effects and allergic reactions are rare and usually occur in the first 15 minutes after vaccination. For more information on side effects, reporting side effects, and easing side effects visit: CDC | What to Expect After a Covid-19 Vaccine Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 24
What to expect after you get a COVID vaccine? Sonia Valdez, DNP, APRN Sonia Valdez, DNP, APRN on the common (and generally mild) side effects after the COVID vaccine. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. For more information go to: http://www.BetweenUsAboutUs.org Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs TRANSCRIPT: Typically, when I'm going to give the COVID vaccine, I'll let them know when you're going to get the first dose of the COVID vaccine you might feel your arm very sore. It's like somebody punched you in the arm, and that's that type of a soreness. If you've ever gotten a tetanus shot, it feels like a tetanus shot. Your arm is sore probably for the rest of the day, but again, keep moving it around. Do everything that you normally do, because it'll be like a sore muscle. You still want to be able to move it and get that vaccine going. You want the medication to be able to absorb and disseminate. So, it's good for you to continue to move that arm around. If you start to feel achy, like minor body aches, if you notice that you have a fever, you can take some Tylenol, if you'd like. If you notice that you have a fever, if you have minor body aches, rest, drink plenty of fluids. When you get the second dose, that's typically when you tend to have some or more of the signs and symptoms of the side effects like the body aches, the headache, you might have a fever. Maybe, maybe not. Again, everybody's very different. And the way your body reacts to medication is very differently. For me personally, it was the second dose where I had the body aches, but I was still able to work. I did the 12-hour shift, and I had no problem being able to do that. And I didn't have to take anything. But again, we all feel differently. Our bodies are different, and we react differently. So, it just depends your comfort level. For me, I didn't need to use anything, but if you need to, you can take Tylenol. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 25
What about side effects from the COVID vaccines? Pamela Simms-Mackey, MD Pamela Simms-Mackey, MD explains that mild side effects from the COVID vaccines are normal signs that the body is building protection against illness from COVID. Black doctors, nurses and researchers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series. THE CONVERSATION: #BetweenUsAboutUs is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with the Black Coalition Against COVID (BCAC). For more information go to: http://www.BetweenUsAboutUs.org. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (January 14 to February 5, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: I think when people in their mind think of side effects, it's something that happens that's not supposed to happen. And when you look at what's happening after some people get the COVID vaccine the common things soreness at the injection site, headache, fever, maybe a swollen lymph node. Those are vaccine anticipated reactions. So, I always tell people, Those are good signs. You want to see that cause, you know, the vaccine is working in your body and those are very brief and short lasting. And so, the abnormal reactions or the true side effects are very, very rare. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 26
Why do some people get side effects from the COVID vaccine? Shaquita Bell, MD Shaquita Bell, MD explains what that achiness some people feel after the COVID vaccine means, and why it's a good thing! Black doctors, nurses and researchers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series. THE CONVERSATION: #BetweenUsAboutUs is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with the Black Coalition Against COVID (BCAC). Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (July 12-14, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: So that's a great question. People ask me, Why do I get side effects? And you probably have seen that almost any vaccine and sometimes many medications will give you side effects. So a lot of times, I sort of compare it to like your body is still learning. What is it supposed to fight and what does, it's not supposed to fight? So your body's getting ready to learn all those exercises on how it's going to keep you safe from coronavirus. So your immune system really activates when you get the vaccine, it says, Hey, we're ready. Let's fight it. Let's learn. Let's learn these exercises to prevent coronavirus infection. And that can cause you to feel a little bit, you know, kind of crummy, like your body, you personally are like, What's going on? Why does my neck hurt? Why does my head hurt? And that's really just your body doing its thing. And it's very natural. It's a very natural process of your immune system ramping up. And it is very, also very short. So it'll go away. It's temporary. You won't always have pain at the site. You won't always have a headache. You won't always have muscle aches that that's just temporary while your immune system is learning. And then it'll be ready when you put it into action. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 27
Common vs. Rare Side Effects of the COVID Vaccines - Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD Edith Bracho-Sanchez, MD explains that mild side effects from the COVID vaccines are normal signs that the body is building protection against illness from COVID. Latinx doctors, nurses and promotoras/community health workers dispel misinformation and provide accessible facts about the #COVID #vaccines in this FAQ video series (English and Spanish). THE CONVERSATION/LA CONVERSACI N is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation), a nonprofit organization focusing on national health issues (no affiliation with Kaiser Permanente), and presented by KFF s Greater Than COVID public information initiative in partnership with UnidosUS. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The COVID vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterThanCOVID Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthancovid Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthancovid/ This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (April 15-19, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #BetweenUsAboutUs #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: With any vaccine, there's always a couple side effects, some which are very common, and some of which are extremely rare. The common ones are a sore arm, right? Which I mean, you can work out and get a sore arm. You can also get a little redness at the site. You could have a little fever. You could feel a little achy or be under the weather. I always tell people this doesn't mean that the vaccine made you sick. This means that the vaccine activated your immune system to do what it's supposed to do to be ready, should you ever be exposed to this illness. Now, there are of course more rare side effects. And what I really want people to know, and what's made me feel better, is knowing that we have excellent systems in this country to detect those rare side effects. So, we have now given millions and millions and millions of vaccines, and we are watching very closely. We have a system for reporting those rare side effects. And as soon as those things are reported, we act very quickly to say, what happened here? Should we be warning people? Should we be warning doctors? And we act quickly. We take it seriously, and we have the privilege of transparency in data in this country. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 28
Key Points From the Side Effect Videos Mild side effects from getting the COVID-19 vaccine are normal and vary in different people and go away quickly. Not getting side effects does not mean that the vaccine isn t working. It just means that your body responds differently which is normal and shouldn t cause you to be concerned. There are systems in place for detecting and understanding rare side effects. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 29
Rare Side Effects Concerns One concern for some people is myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle. This is very rare, and actually happens more frequently from a COVID-19 infection. Doctors are able to treat this condition easily so patients recover fully. Hear from an infectious disease expert in the next video on why this is not something that should prevent someone from getting the COVID-19 vaccine. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 30
What about myocarditis and the COVID-19 vaccine? Jessica Malaty Rivera, MS Infectious disease epidemiologist Jessica Malaty Rivera, MS explains that the risk for myocarditis from the COVID-19 vaccine is very rare relative to the risk presented by COVID. Children 5 and older are eligible to get a COVID vaccine. Clinical trials are ongoing for younger children. THE CONVERSATION / LA CONVERSACI N #BetweenUsAboutUs addresses questions about the COVID-19 vaccine for children with FAQ videos featuring pediatricians and other experts. The latest installment of the campaign is produced by KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation) under its Greater Than COVID public information response and is presented with the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). For more information go to: http://www.BetweenUsAboutUs.org. Find a COVID vaccine location near you at http://vaccines.gov. You can also text your ZIP code to GETVAX (438829). The #COVID #vaccines are FREE to everyone in the U.S. who is 5+ years of age, regardless of insurance or immigration status. Follow Greater Than COVID at: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/WeAreGreaterT... Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/greaterthanCV19 Instagram: http://instagram.com/wearegreaterthan... Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/greaterthan... This information is shared for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice. The views expressed are those of the featured medical professional and reflect information available to that professional at time of filming (November 5, 2021). Always consult a health care provider for any personal health decisions. #GreaterThanCOVID TRANSCRIPT: So, very encouragingly, in the pediatric trial that involved 5 to 11-year-olds, there were no reports of myocarditis and pericarditis. Now in the pediatric trial that involved kids who are 12-16, there were a couple of cases of myocarditis that were reported those cases mostly resolved. But what we have to remember too is that compared to myocarditis induced by the virus that risk is so much greater than it is from getting it from the vaccine. We know that the virus itself actually presents a much greater risk for issues of inflammation, myocarditis, pericarditis and multi-system inflammatory disease. And, so because of that, we know that to get vaccinated actually reduces the risk of myocarditis. In the incidences that myocarditis has been reported, they have been mild and resolved and have not involved any sort of acute complications as a result. And, so, because of that, pediatricians of even adolescent boys will say that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 31
Section 2 Summary You should know and be able to communicate: The basics of vaccine development. What is in the vaccine and how they work. How we know the vaccines are safe. Vaccine effectiveness and why boosters are needed. Common side effects and rare side effects. Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 32
Complete Section 2 Please click the following link to get credit for this section, check your understanding, and receive your certificate of completion. https://cip-dhhs.ne.gov/redcap/surveys/?s=YYHH9MEKAWHATC88 Helping People Live Better Lives. Helping People Live better Lives. 33
