Techniques and Structures for Underwater Construction
Underwater construction involves unique challenges due to working in water, requiring methods like caissons and cofferdams. Caissons are water-tight structures used for various constructions, while cofferdams create dry enclosures for building operations underwater. Different types of caissons and components of cofferdams play vital roles in underwater construction projects.
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Underwater construction By: Namita Shedbal CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Introduction Underwater construction is a method on how to place the concrete underwater. It is opted when the foundation is most likely to lie underwater. Construction in water poses many difficulties especially where the depth is considerable. The main objective is to create dry and water free environment the stability of the structure is well balanced CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Underwater Construction techniques: There are two techniques : Caissons Cofferdams CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Caissons A caisson is retaining water tight structure used to work for the construction of a concrete dam, on the foundation of a bridge pier or for the repair of ships CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Types of caissons Box caissons Open caissons Suction caissons Pneumatic caissons CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Cofferdams Cofferdams are temporary watertight enclosure pumped dry below the water line to execute the building operation to be performed on dry surface. CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Components of cofferdams Sheet piling Bracing frame Concrete seal CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Components of cofferdams shown in diagram CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Types of cofferdams Earthen cofferdam Rock-fill cofferdam Cellular cofferdam Single walled cofferdam Doubled cofferdam Crib cofferdam CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
Underwater concreting This is a process where the prepared concrete is poured below the water surface using suitable methods. Placement methods are: Tremie method Pump method Toggle bags Bagwork CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
THANKYOU! CivilDigital.com CivilDigital.com for Civil Engineers Downloaded from CivilDigital.com Downloaded from CivilDigital.com
