Polymerization of Hexamethylene Diisocyanate in Solution and Its Impact on Human Cells

This study investigates the polymerization of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in solution and its interaction with exposed human cells. Multiple mass spectrometry analyses reveal the formation of phosphate adducts of hydrolyzed HDI, dimeric hydrolyzed HDI, and reaction products in the presence or absence of proteins like albumin. The research provides insights into the molecular changes induced by HDI exposure and the potential implications for cellular responses.

• Polymerization
• Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
• Human Cells
• Mass Spectrometry Analysis
• Protein Interaction

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1. Supplemental Materials for: Polymerization of hexamethylene diisocyanate in solution and a 260.23 m/z [M+H]+ ion in exposed human cells. Adam V Wisnewski*, Jian Liu, Carrie A Redlich, Ala F Nassar Figure # Figure S1. MS (Top Panel) and MS/MS (Bottom Panel) analysis of 241.10 m/z [M+H]+ ion (Peak # 1P) that is likely a phosphate adduct of hydrolyzed HDI. Note complete abolishment upon CID. Figure S2. MS (Top Panel) and MS/MS (Bottom Panel) analysis of 383.21 m/z [M+H]+ ion (Peak # 2BP) that is likely a phosphate adduct of dimeric hydrolyzed HDI. Note complete abolishment upon CID. Figure S3. LC-MS total ion current of the reaction products that form when HDI is introduced into a phosphate buffered saline solution containing albumin protein (blue line) or without albumin (green line). Figure S4. MS analysis of HDI reaction products formed in the presence and absence of protein. Figure S5. MS analysis of HDI reaction products formed in the presence and absence of protein. Figure S6. LC-MS analysis of human U937 cell extracts. Page 2 3 4 5 6 7 1

2. Figure S1. MS (Top Panel) and MS/MS (Bottom Panel) analysis of 241.10 m/z [M+H]+ ion (Peak # 1P) that is likely a phosphate adduct of hydrolyzed HDI. Note complete abolishment upon CID.

3. Figure S2. MS (Top Panel) and MS/MS (Bottom Panel) analysis of 383.21 m/z [M+H]+ ion (Peak # 2BP) that is likely a phosphate adduct of dimeric hydrolyzed HDI. Note complete abolishment upon CID.

4. 2.5E+09? 2E+09? 1.5E+09? 1E+09? 500000000? 0? 0? 0.5? 1? 1.5? 2? 2.5? 3? 3.5? 4? 4.5? Figure S3. LC-MS total ion current of the reaction products that form when HDI is introduced into a phosphate buffered saline solution containing albumin protein (blue line) or without albumin (green line). Y axis depicts ion intensity and X-axis is retention time in minutes. 4

5. Figure S4. MS analysis of HDI reaction products formed in the presence and absence of protein. Products with a retention time of 3.4 minutes (Peak# 2B in Figure 1) formed when HDI is reacted in the presence (top panel) or absence (bottom panel) of albumin. Note relative increase in larger polymers (e.g. [M+H]+ ions with larger m/zs ) as highlighted with arrows, in the absence of albumin. *922.0098 m/z [M+H]+ ion is calibration reference. 5

6. Figure S5. MS analysis of HDI reaction products formed in the presence and absence of protein. Products with a retention time of 2.1 minutes (Peak# 2BP in Figure 1) formed when HDI is reacted in the presence (top panel) or absence (bottom panel) of albumin. Note relative increase in larger polymers (e.g. [M+H]+ ions with larger m/zs ) as highlighted with arrows, in the absence of albumin. 6

7. A Figure S6. LC-MS analysis of human U937 cell extracts. Panel A. BPC of U937 cell extracts following culture with <3kDa reaction products of HDI in phosphate buffered saline (red dashed line) vs control buffer identically incubated and processed (solid black line). Y-axis depicts ion intensity and X-axis depicts retention time in minutes. Panel B. MS of major peak (see arrow) containing the novel 260.23 m/z [M+H]+ ion. Panel C. MS of major peak (see arrow) containing the 259.25 m/z [M+H]+ ion, and the corresponding doubly charged (z=2) ion. *Note Slight delay in retention time compared to Figures in main manuscript as starting buffer B was reduced to 2%. Base Peak 260.23 m/z Base Peak 259.25 m/z B 260.23 m/z (z=1) 130.13 m/z (z=2) C 259.25 m/z (z=1) 7