Understanding Cell Membrane: Maintaining Homeostasis in Cells

 
Obtaining
and
Removing
Materials
Topic 8
Lesson 3
 
Learning Goal: 
Students will be able
to explain how cells maintain
Homeostasis
 
Essential Question:  
What is the
primary role of the cell membrane in
cellular function?
 
Standard SC.6.L.14.3
Stayin’ Alive
What is homeostasis?
 
Homeostasis
 
is the maintenance of a
constant internal state in a changing
environment.
 
Homeostasis ensures that cells can 
obtain
and 
use
 energy, 
make
 new cells,
exchange 
materials, and 
eliminate
 wastes
in a changing environment.
Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function?
 
Homeostasis
 
Unicellular
 organisms exchange
materials directly with the
environment.
 
Multicellular
 organisms have
systems that transport materials to
cells from other places 
within 
the
organism.
Examples: 
The cardiovascular
system in humans and 
xylem 
and
phloem
 in plants are transport
systems.
 
Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function?
How do cells
exchange
materials?
Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function?
 
How do cells
 exchange materials?
Cell Membrane and Cell Wall:
  
ALL
 
cells have a 
cell membrane
  
made of 
proteins and lipids
 
SOME
 cells have cell membranes 
and
 
cell walls
 – ex: plants, fungi
and bacteria
 
Function of the Cell Membrane:
 
Cell membrane separates the components of a cell
from 
its 
environment
—surrounds the cell
 
“Gatekeeper” of the cell—regulates the flow of
materials into and out of cell—
selectively
permeable
 
Cell membrane helps cells maintain 
homeostasis
stable internal 
balance
Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function?
 
Passive Transport
cell 
Does NOT 
 use energy
1.
Diffusion
2.
Osmosis
 
Active Transport
cell 
does
 use energy
1.
Endocytosis
2.
Exocytosis
 
How do cells exchange materials?
 
Diffusion 
is the 
movement
 of 
small
 particles across a
selectively permeable 
membrane
 
until
equilibrium/
balance is 
reached.
 
These particles move from an area of 
high
concentration
 
to an area of 
low 
concentration.
 
How do cells exchange materials?
 
At some point, the movement of tea out of the bag
stops or slows down considerably. Why?
Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function?
 
 
Osmosis
 is the 
diffusion
 of 
water
 through a
selectively permeable membrane
 
Water diffuses across a membrane from an area of
high 
concentration
 to an area of 
low 
concentration
.
 
 
Semi-permeable
membrane is
permeable to water,
but not to sugar
 
Active Transport
Active transport is the movement of molecules from 
LOW to
HIGH
 concentration. 
Energy
 is required.
 
Proteins
 in the cell help with this movement
 
 
 
Ex: Body cells must pump carbon dioxide out into the
surrounding blood vessels to be carried to the lungs for exhale.
Blood vessels are high in carbon dioxide compared to the cells, so
energy is required to move the carbon dioxide across the cell
membrane from 
LOW to HIGH
 concentration.
 
 
ANALOGY:
 
 
 
Food is moved 
into the
cell
 by 
Endocytosis
 
 
Wastes are moved 
out
of the cell
 by
Exocytosis
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
 
is the method used for
very large molecules
 (such as food and wastes) get
into and out of the cell
 
 
How do organisms maintain
homeostasis?
 
Cells and whole organisms must work to maintain
homeostasis in a constantly changing environment.
 
Some animals adapt their behavior to control body
temperature.
 
Trees can show seasonal responses to changes in
the environment.
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Cells maintain homeostasis to function effectively. The cell membrane plays a crucial role in this process by regulating material exchange, separating the cell from its environment, and ensuring internal balance. Understanding how cells exchange materials through the membrane is key to comprehending cellular function.


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  1. Learning Goal: Students will be able to explain how cells maintain Homeostasis Obtaining and Removing Materials Topic 8 Lesson 3 Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cellular function? Standard SC.6.L.14.3

  2. Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function? Stayin Alive What is homeostasis? Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment. Homeostasis ensures that cells can obtain and use energy, make new cells, exchange materials, and eliminate wastes in a changing environment.

  3. Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function? Unicellular organisms exchange materials directly with the environment. Multicellular organisms have systems that transport materials to cells from other places within the organism. Examples: The cardiovascular system in humans and xylem and phloem in plants are transport systems. Homeostasis

  4. Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function? How do cells exchange materials?

  5. How do cells exchange materials? Cell Membrane and Cell Wall: ALL cells have a cell membrane made of proteins and lipids protein channel Layer 1 Cell Membrane Layer 2 protein pump lipid bilayer SOME cells have cell membranes andcell walls ex: plants, fungi and bacteria Cell Membrane Cell Wall

  6. Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function? Function of the Cell Membrane: Cell membrane separates the components of a cell from its environment surrounds the cell Gatekeeper of the cell regulates the flow of materials into and out of cell selectively permeable Cell membrane helps cells maintain homeostasis stable internal balance

  7. How do cells exchange materials? Passive Transport Weeee!! ! cell Does NOT use energy 1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis high low Active Transport cell does use energy 1. Endocytosis 2. Exocytosis This is gonna be hard work!! high low

  8. Diffusion is the movement of small particles across a selectively permeable membrane until equilibrium/balance is reached. These particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. outside of cell inside of cell

  9. DIFFUSION

  10. Essential Question: What is the primary role of the cell membrane in cell function? How do cells exchange materials? At some point, the movement of tea out of the bag stops or slows down considerably. Why?

  11. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Water diffuses across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Semi-permeable membrane is permeable to water, but not to sugar

  12. Active Transport Active transport is the movement of molecules from LOW to HIGH concentration. Energy is required. Proteins in the cell help with this movement Ex: Body cells must pump carbon dioxide out into the surrounding blood vessels to be carried to the lungs for exhale. Blood vessels are high in carbon dioxide compared to the cells, so energy is required to move the carbon dioxide across the cell membrane from LOW to HIGH concentration. Carbon Dioxide molecules outside of cell inside of cell

  13. ANALOGY: NO ENERGY NEEDED: Diffusion Osmosis ENERGY NEEDED: Active Transport

  14. Endocytosis and Exocytosis is the method used for very large molecules (such as food and wastes) get into and out of the cell Food is moved into the cell by Endocytosis Wastes are moved out of the cell by Exocytosis

  15. How do organisms maintain homeostasis? Cells and whole organisms must work to maintain homeostasis in a constantly changing environment. Some animals adapt their behavior to control body temperature. Trees can show seasonal responses to changes in the environment.

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