The Impact of Streaming Video on Academic Libraries
Streaming video services have become increasingly popular in academic libraries due to the rising demand for convenient access to educational content. The complex licensing processes and varying pricing models pose challenges for libraries in managing their streaming video collections effectively. This trend is evident in institutions like UNT and Hofstra, which offer a wide range of subscription-based services to cater to their academic communities.
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Do the Right Thing: Sustainability, Values, and Streaming Video Sarah McCleskey Erin DeWitt-Miller
Online Video & Libraries By 2021 online video-on-demand viewing will equal circulating 7.2 billion DVDs per month Increase in Online Courses > necessity Increased Demand for 24/7 Access > convenience General Expectations of users > everything, now, free 2
Streaming Video in Libraries: It s Complicated! there is no industry standard for licensing digital video and that many factors such as obtaining digital rights and tracking rights holders, identifying and meeting various institutional needs, and pricing models vary widely among vendors" (Laskowski, 2011). 3
Streaming Video at UNT 69,500 streaming videos 760 titles Various distributors Life of file & term Internal Academic Video Online Ambrose Subscription Kanopy Swank Digital Campus Term Docuseek2 Alexander Street Press Various Life of File 4
Streaming Video at UNT Playback rates 71160 63303 60538 56075 52116 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 5
Streaming Video at UNT 2018-19 445 DSLs requested Mediated Kanopy January, 2019 320 requests Acquired Academic Video Online 6
Head, Serials Collection Management Contracts Assistant Collection Development Head, Media Library Digitization Specialist Media Library Media Cataloger Media Assistant 7
Streaming Video at Hofstra Subscriptions: Films on Demand Academic Video Online Media Education Foundation Digitalia Film Library Limited term licensing (course reserves) Swank Digital Campus Docuseek2 Ambrose/BBC Shakespeare Kanopy Life of file purchases: 150 titles+ hosted in FoD, New Day, and AVON Suppliers: Grasshopper Film, Collective Eye, Women Make Movies, Kino Lorber, Juno, AFD/Typecast Tugg Core Collection Unmediated PDA 10 Film Platform
What do we value? Building permanent collections based on institutional values (usually described in a collection development policy document) Responsible stewardship of institutional budget resources Providing content to support curricular needs 11
The challenge Balancing institutional values with user expectations While navigating Multiple platforms Myriad licenses, terms, formats Technical requirements Consumer-facing content 12
Consumer-facing Content Only on Netflix with Educational rights Only a small number of Netflix-produced shows are available for educational use (about 40) Terms are limited Netflix originals are not available on DVD or for life of file licenses Handy bookmark: site:https://media.netflix.com/en/only-on-netflix "educational screenings." 14
Video Acquisitions: One Size does NOT fit all Purchase Options Collection Development Policy Platform Options Information Management Licensing Terms & Considerations Public Performance Rights Workflows Accessibility Convenience vs. Value ?! ? ?! ? ? ? ?! ?!? ? ? ? 16 ?! ?!?!
Purchase Options Single Title Licenses Curated Collections Patron Driven Acquisitions Automatic Triggers Certain number of plays triggers automatic license Cost-Per-Circ / Cost-Per-Play Range of pricing per title Mediated DDA Evidence Based Acquisitions (i.e. AVON) 17
Platform Options Hosting licensed titles: Vendor options Alexander Street Press (ProQuest), Films on Demand, Kanopy, Ensemble, Panopto, Kaltura , etc Homegrown platforms Some content can be vendor-hosted OR hosted internally Media Education Foundation (Kanopy) Some content is available on multiple platforms New Day Films New Day platform or Kanopy 18
Licensing terms and considerations Term License vs Perpetual Rights Short term license is less expensive in the short term Perpetual (Life of file) might not be necessary or available Popular films Course-specific films Perpetual Rights vs Life of File Over time, formats degrade or become obsolete What does perpetual mean in the age of licenses? Assess the institution s comfort level with risk how long is long enough ? 19
Workflows Single Title DSL Specific workflows need to be designed & documented Decision making is complex May require verifying veracity of need Process is multifaceted Must be monitored & tracked Involves checking for already owned content Involves identifying alternate purchasing options May involve reaching out to multiple distributors Process is often cross-departmental Time consuming 20
Find Small Distributor Contact Distributor Request Search Determine Streaming License Availability Create Resource, Order & License Records Complete Order Form (Internal) Notify Requestor Alert Head of Serials & Contracts Assistant Contracts Assistant Contacts Vendor Contract Signed Vendor Mails DVD Original Requestor Notified DVD Received & Processed DVD Digitized & Uploaded Streaming Video Cataloged 21
Workflows Mediated PDA Specific workflows need to be designed & documented Decision making can be simplified (compared to single title DSL) May require verifying veracity of need Necessary to check for already-owned content Monitor requests Respond to requests 22
Mediated PDA Add to spreadsheet Request 2-3 staff hours per week Detailed decision tree Email Requestor Approve? Detailed workflow Boilerplate email notices Monitor Deposit Account Balance Additional funding 1x per year 23
Workflows Un-Mediated PDA Convenient! No workflows needed Seamless and instantaneous for patrons Downside: hard to control cost PDA Spending over 4 Years 24
Convenience vs Value Instant streaming Convenient Extensive content Fast Can become expensive over time EBA models may limit this issue Purchase digital file Great cost upfront Extensive time commitment up front Perpetual access (one-time payment) 25
Collection Development Policy: Just in case or just in time Have a written collection development policy Document institutional values and decision-making processes Outline selection criteria Identify preferred formats Identify out-of-scope content 26
Information Management Tracking the process is challenging Completing a term license can take months Negotiating, payment, cataloging, digitizing Ending a term license Checking use rates, reaching out to original requestor, removing from catalog Can involve using the ILS along with a variety of other documentation Catalog records Emails Spreadsheets Order forms Calendar reminders 27
Public Performance Rights Public Performance Rights are not necessary for classroom screenings and homework If you don t need PPR, don t pay for PPR Consider a DSL instead of Public Performance Rights Many vendors offer a la carte licensing select DVD, DVD+DSL, DSL, DVD+PPR, DSL+PPR Ask vendors for options DSL / no DVD, if rights are not unbundled, ask for no PPR required discount. You can upgrade to PPR later if necessary. 28
Accessibility Does the purchase of a license include a CC (.srt) file? Automatic captioning on some platforms better than nothing? Outsource captioning? Work with campus Office of Disability Access or another organization? Audio description vs. captions 29
References Sources: Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2016 2021 (https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service- provider/visual-networking-index-vni/complete-white-paper-c11-481360.pdf). Laskowski, M. S. (2011). Guide to video acquisitions in libraries: Issues and best practices. Chicago, IL: ALCTS Publishing. Images: http://gclipart.com/movie-clipart_518/ https://openclipart.org/detail/279836/complicate-button 30
Sarah McCleskey Head of Resource and Collection Services Hofstra University Sarah.E.McCleskey@hofstra.edu Erin DeWitt-Miller Head, UNT Media & Discovery Park Libraries University of North Texas erin.miller@unt.edu 31
