SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
(
সামাজিক স্তৰীকৰণ
)
UNIT-I: INTRODUCING
STRATIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
•
Social stratification
refers to a society’s categorization of its people into rankings based on
factors like wealth, income, education, family background, and power.
•
সামাজিক স্তৰীকৰণৰ অৰ্থ হ’ল এখন সমাজে ধন, আয়, শিক্ষা, পৰিয়ালৰ পটভূমি, ক্ষমতাৰ দৰে
কাৰকৰ ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি নিজৰ লোকসকলক ৰেংকিঙত ভাগ কৰা।
•
The members of every society are considered superior-inferior, equal, etc. on the basis of
different factors.
•
প্ৰতিখন সমাজৰ সদস্যক বিভিন্ন কাৰকৰ ভিত্তিত উচ্চ-হীন, সম ইত্যাদি বুলি গণ্য কৰা হয়।
•
However, sociologists recognize social stratification as a society-wide system that makes
inequalities.
•
কিন্তু সমাজবিজ্ঞানীসকলে সামাজিক স্তৰবিন্যাসক এক সমাজব্যাপী ব্যৱস্থা হিচাপে স্বীকৃতি দিয়ে
যিয়ে বৈষম্যৰ সৃষ্টি কৰে।
•
Sociologists distinguish between two types of systems of stratification.
Closed
systems
accommodate little change in social position. They do not allow people to shift
levels and do not permit social relationships between levels.
•
সমাজবিজ্ঞানীসকলে স্তৰবিন্যাসৰ দুবিধ ব্যৱস্থাৰ মাজত পাৰ্থক্য ৰাখে। বন্ধ ব্যৱস্থাই সামাজিক
অৱস্থানৰ সামান্য পৰিৱৰ্তনক গ্ৰহণ কৰে। তেওঁলোকে মানুহক স্তৰ সলনি কৰিবলৈ নিদিয়ে আৰু
স্তৰৰ মাজত সামাজিক সম্পৰ্ক স্থাপনৰ অনুমতি নিদিয়ে।
•
Open systems
are based on achievement and allow for movement and interaction between
layers and classes.
•
মুক্ত ব্যৱস্থাপ্ৰণালীসমূহ কৃতিত্বৰ ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি তৈয়াৰ কৰা হয় আৰু স্তৰ আৰু শ্ৰেণীসমূহৰ
মাজত গতি আৰু পাৰস্পৰিক ক্ৰিয়াৰ অনুমতি দিয়ে।
THE CASTE SYSTEM(Closed System)
•
Caste systems
are closed stratification systems where people can do little or
nothing to change the social standing of their birth.
•
জাতি ব্যৱস্থা হৈছে বন্ধ স্তৰবিন্যাস ব্যৱস্থা য’ত মানুহে নিজৰ জন্মৰ সামাজিক
অৱস্থান সলনি কৰিবলৈ কম বা একো কৰিব নোৱাৰে।
•
The caste system determines all aspects of an individual’s life: occupations,
marriage partners, and housing.
•
জাতি ব্যৱস্থাই ব্যক্তিৰ জীৱনৰ সকলো দিশ নিৰ্ধাৰণ কৰে: বৃত্তি, বিবাহ সংগী,
আৰু বাসগৃহ।
•
People were expected to work in an occupation and to enter into a
marriage based on their caste.
•
মানুহে এটা বৃত্তিত কাম কৰি নিজৰ জাতিৰ ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি বিবাহত
সোমাব বুলি আশা কৰা হৈছিল।
•
The caste system in India has been officially dismantled, but is still deeply
embedded in Indian society, particularly in rural areas.(Honour Killing)
•
ভাৰতৰ জাতি ব্যৱস্থা আনুষ্ঠানিকভাৱে ভাঙি পেলোৱা হৈছে যদিও ভাৰতীয়
সমাজত বিশেষকৈ গ্ৰাম্য অঞ্চলত এতিয়াও গভীৰভাৱে নিহিত হৈ আছে।
(সন্মান হত্যা)
THE CLASS SYSTEM(Open System)
•
A
class system
is based on both social factors and
individual achievement.
•
শ্ৰেণী ব্যৱস্থা এটা সামাজিক কাৰক আৰু ব্যক্তিগত
কৃতিত্ব দুয়োটাৰে ওপৰত ভিত্তি কৰি গঢ় লৈ উঠে।
•
Unlike caste systems, class systems are open.
•
জাতি ব্যৱস্থাৰ দৰে নহয়, শ্ৰেণী ব্যৱস্থা মুকলি।
•
They can also socialize with and marry members of
other classes.
•
আন শ্ৰেণীৰ সদস্যৰ লগতো সামাজিকভাৱে মিলিব
পাৰে আৰু বিয়াও কৰিব পাৰে।
CASTE VS CLASS
•
Caste(status) is ascribed by birth which can never be changed. Where as
class is achieved by the individuals.
•
জাতি(মৰ্যাদা) জন্মৰ দ্বাৰা আৰোপ কৰা হয় যিটো কেতিয়াও সলনি কৰিব
নোৱাৰি। ব্যক্তিয়ে শ্ৰেণী লাভ কৰে।
•
Caste system is particular as it can only be seen in India. Where as class is
universal.
•
জাতি ব্যৱস্থাটো কেৱল ভাৰততহে দেখা পোৱাৰ বাবে বিশেষ। আনহাতে শ্ৰেণী
সাৰ্বজনীন।
•
Caste is a closed system and Class is an open system.
•
জাতি এটা বন্ধ ব্যৱস্থা আৰু শ্ৰেণী হৈছে এটা মুকলি ব্যৱস্থা।
•
Relations are limited in caste system where as in class system individuals
are more free.
•
জাতি ব্যৱস্থাত সম্পৰ্ক সীমিত হোৱাৰ বিপৰীতে শ্ৰেণী ব্যৱস্থাত ব্যক্তি মুক্ত।
•
Social distance is maintained in between different caste and in class less
social distance can be observed.
•
বিভিন্ন জাতিৰ মাজত সামাজিক দূৰত্ব বজাই ৰখা হয় আৰু শ্ৰেণীত কম
সামাজিক দূৰত্ব মানি চলিব পাৰি।
Social stratification categorizes individuals based on factors like wealth, education, and power. Caste systems, as seen in India, are closed and ascribed by birth, while class systems are open and based on achievement. This comparison highlights the differences between the two systems and their impact on societies.
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Presentation Transcript
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION ( ) UNIT-I: INTRODUCING STRATIFICATION
INTRODUCTION Social stratification refers to a society s categorization of its people into rankings based on factors like wealth, income, education, family background, and power. , , , , The members of every society are considered superior-inferior, equal, etc. on the basis of different factors. - , However, sociologists recognize social stratification as a society-wide system that makes inequalities. Sociologists distinguish between two types of systems of stratification. Closed systems accommodate little change in social position. They do not allow people to shift levels and do not permit social relationships between levels. Open systems are based on achievement and allow for movement and interaction between layers and classes.
THE CASTE SYSTEM(Closed System) Caste systems are closed stratification systems where people can do little or nothing to change the social standing of their birth. The caste system determines all aspects of an individual s life: occupations, marriage partners, and housing. : , , People were expected to work in an occupation and to enter into a marriage based on their caste. The caste system in India has been officially dismantled, but is still deeply embedded in Indian society, particularly in rural areas.(Honour Killing) ( )
THE CLASS SYSTEM(Open System) A class system is based on both social factors and individual achievement. Unlike caste systems, class systems are open. , They can also socialize with and marry members of other classes.
CASTE VS CLASS Caste(status) is ascribed by birth which can never be changed. Where as class is achieved by the individuals. ( ) Caste system is particular as it can only be seen in India. Where as class is universal. Caste is a closed system and Class is an open system. Relations are limited in caste system where as in class system individuals are more free. Social distance is maintained in between different caste and in class less social distance can be observed.
