Social Entrepreneurship, Social Enterprise, and Social Innovation

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SOCIAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 
NAGARAJU L G
ASSISTANT  PROFESSOR
REVA UNIVERSITY
BENGALURU-64
 
S
OCIAL
 
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 
 
Social 
entrepreneurship as innovative, social value
creating activity that can occur within or across the
non-profit, business, or government sectors(
James
AustinHowardStevenson-2006),
Social
entrepreneurship  is process of creating sustainable
social impact(R El Ebrashi -2013) Social
entrepreneurship in modern society offers an
altruistic form of entrepreneurship that focuses on
the benefits that society
.(Williams, John, and Tan,
Teck-Meng- 2005)
.SE, “entrepreneurial activity with
an embedded social purpose” 
(Austin, Stevenson, &
Wei-Skillern, 2006)
 
S
OCIAL
 
ENTERPRISE
 
SE encompasses the activities and process undertaken to
discover,
 define  and 
exploit  opportunities
 in  order to
enhance social wealth 
by creating new ventures or
managing existing organization in an 
innovative
manner
(Shakar A. Zahara 2009)
Social enterprises are predominantly 
for-profit private
sector
 small businesses that engage with the 
low-
income population 
to 
address challenges
 of access and
affordability in critical needs sectors
.(Indian social
enterprise Landscape report)
 
social enterprise
 is a 
business
 with
primarily 
social
 objectives whose surpluses
are principally reinvested for that purpose in
the 
business
 or in the 
community
, rather
than being driven by the need to maximise
profit for shareholders and owners“(
G Giulia-
2002)
Social enterprises” are a sub set of such activities
in which commercial models are used as the
vehicle by which social objects are
achieved
(Nicholls 2006b; Thompson 2008)
 
S
OCIAL
 
INNOVATION
 
AND
 
SOCIAL
 
CAPITAL
 
Social innovation
 as “a novel solution to
social
 problem that is 
more effective,
efficient, sustainable or just than existing
solutions
 and for which the value created accrues
primarily to society as a whole rather than private
individuals.( 
Standford Innovation review-2012)
“Social innovation is the process of developing
and deploying effective solutions to challenging
and often systemic social and environmental
issues in support of social 
progress.(Soule,
Malhotra, Clavier
).
 
S
OCIAL
 C
APITAL
 
 Social Capital ,Networks together with shared
norms, values and understandings that facilitate
co-operation within or among groups.(
OECD
2012)
Social capital ,those factors of effectively
functioning social groups that include such things
as interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of
identity, a shared understanding, shared norms,
shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity
 
W
HY
 
SOCIAL
 
ENTERPRISES
?
 
Most of the social enterprises in India are
very young because 57% of SE are below five
years old and according to survey there are
2 millions SE are currently operating in to
different domains in India, 39% of
Government policies relevant to SE and E
among 26% policies  framed by MSME and
remaining by Ministry of Finance(National
Skill Entrepreneurship Policy 2015). (British
council report 2016).
 
SE S
TATISTICS
 
IN
 I
NDIA
 
Maharashtra, West India (16%) followed by
Karnataka, South India (15%). Delhi and
Telangana each accounted for 8% of the
responses followed by Uttar Pradesh (7%),
West Bengal (7%), Tamil Nadu (5%), Gujarat
(5%), Bihar (4%), Odisha (4%), and Rajasthan
(4%). 
The remaining 15% of the responses were
spread across 12 states.
The social enterprises address many issues (
Creating Employment, Improving health,
protecting environment, addressing social
exclusion, supporting agriculture and allied
activities, empowering women, promoting
education and addressing Financial inclusion)
 
 
 29.5% of India’s Population living below poverty line
33% of population without electricity in rural areas
compared 6% in urban Areas, 16% of  schools without
functional girls toilet. 50 % employment in agriculture
accounts only 14%of India GDP and 31% underweight
children's under five years old, 
India is with 356
million young people also home to the world’s largest
youth population. 
India receiving  global 
global
philanthropic money  as per new companies act 2013
company spend nearly 2% of profit as
CSR
(SWISSNEX  Report 2013) social enterprises also
supporting to achieve sustainable development goals
(Indian social enterprise Landscape study report
2018).
 
W
HO
 
PROMOTES
 SE 
IN
 I
NDIA
 ?
 
Intellecap, Villgro,  Ashoka  Deshpande Foundation Dasra,
UnLtd, Shujog, Germany’s GIZ, the Asian Development Bank,
the British Council, and Okapi have contributed significantly
to the understanding and promoting of social enterprise in
India these SE companies are registered as private limited
companies, partnerships, and sole ventures. The above
enterprises are supporting SE like access to funding,
mentoring, conducting workshops and training, refining
business models and  Grassroots innovations, providing
research support and Impact investment. The impact
investors are provide fund in multi stages like Seed
Funding(INR15 to l cr) Early stage funding(INR 1to 6.75cr)
Growth stage Funding( above INR 6.75cr) year 2014 70% of
impact investment in India concentrated on Micro finance and
financial inclusions programmes. As per world Bank
report(2015) The crowd funding and Philanthropy plays a vital
role in booming of SE.
 
H
OW
 
SOCIAL
 
ENTERPRISES
 
DIFFER
 
FROM
AND
 NGO’
S
 
 NGO’s main funding is charity and donations ,its
interests on alleviating immediate sufferings than
deep social changes, redistributing income from
have to have-nots, charity is not sustainable solution
it just a donar funding  like income redistribution
SE founded through business model, its improves
social conditions, sustainable solutions, social
entrepreneurship is not short-lived, social
innovation.(
Acs
, Zoltan J.2010)
 
S
OCIAL
 
ENTERPRISE
 
ECOSYSTEM
 
IN
 I
NDIA
 
Ecosystem includes  Incubators, Accelerators, c0-working
and Market- space, and policy makers.
As per Indian social enterprise landscape survey2018
majority of social enterprise ecosystem in India based on
urban locations, mostly metros, to 
leverage better
infrastructure, ease sourcing social enterprises, and provide
access to other networks for funding and business
development activities. However, with an increasing number
of enterprises emerging from Tier II and Tier III cities and
towns, enablers are expanding their services farther from
the metros.
 
According to NASSCOM  report 190 active
business incubators and  accelerators in the
country(90 established in academic institutions,
100 incorporate , government and private
entities.) 40% located in Bengaluru and
Mumabi, these incubators are adopted different
models, the government also made many
policies like Start-up India, Scheme to support
MSME, Technolog Incubation and development
of Entrepreneurs. 
Mahindra & Mahindra
Financial Solutions funded SustainEarth (INR 2
million/€ 25,000) and FlyBird (INR 5 million/€
62,500)
 
D
IFFERENT
 
DOMAINS
 
OF
 S
OCIAL
E
NTERPRISES
 
SE 
IN
 A
GRICULTURE
 D
OMAIN
 
Farmers in developing countries face tough challenges to
their productivity, growth, and sustainability—including
lack of access to affordable financial products, limited
knowledge of high-quality inputs, low usage of technology
and market data, and poor market links across the value
chain. social enterprises are implementing innovative
solutions in the agriculture sector to serve them. Social
enterprises are defined as private for-profit, nonprofits, or
hybrid organizations that use business methods to
advance their social mission. In the case of agriculture,
social enterprises often address a particular pain point in
the value chain, with the intention that the cost of their
services or products will be recuperated by the benefits
and income gains that farmers will achieve.
 
There are 230 agriculture social enterprises are
operating India like, 31%-post harvest, 22%-
Market linkages, 18%-cross-cutting, 15%-pre
harvest, 11%-Harvest,3%- poultry and dairy
sectors.(Ministry of Agriculture)
Krishi Unnati Yojana , National Agriculture
market and state/ UT Agriculture Produce and
Livestock marketing act, 
Paramparagat Krishi
Vikas Yojana, Modified National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme 
making policies in  SE in AG
sector.
 
S
OCIAL
 E
NTERPRISES
 
AND
 I
NCUBATORS
 
SE  
MODELS
 
IN
 
AGRICULTURE
 
 
 
 
 
THANKS
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Social entrepreneurship involves creating sustainable social impact, social enterprises address challenges in critical needs sectors, and social innovation focuses on developing effective solutions to social and environmental issues. These concepts emphasize creating social value while engaging with various sectors and communities, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.

  • Social Entrepreneurship
  • Social Enterprise
  • Social Innovation
  • Sustainability
  • Community

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  1. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP NAGARAJU L G ASSISTANT PROFESSOR REVA UNIVERSITY BENGALURU-64

  2. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP Social entrepreneurship as innovative, social value creating activity that can occur within or across the non-profit, business, or government sectors(James AustinHowardStevenson-2006),Social entrepreneurship is process of creating sustainable social impact(R El entrepreneurship in modern altruistic form of entrepreneurship that focuses on the benefits that society.(Williams, John, and Tan, Teck-Meng- 2005).SE, entrepreneurial activity with an embedded social purpose (Austin, Stevenson, & Wei-Skillern, 2006) Ebrashi -2013) Social society offers an

  3. SOCIAL ENTERPRISE SE encompasses the activities and process undertaken to discover, define and exploit opportunities in order to enhance social wealth by creating new ventures or managing existing organization manner(Shakar A. Zahara 2009) Social enterprises are predominantly for-profit private sector small businesses that engage with the low- income population to address challenges of access and affordability in critical needs sectors.(Indian social enterprise Landscape report) in an innovative

  4. A social enterprise is a business with primarily social objectives whose surpluses are principally reinvested for that purpose in the business or in the community, rather than being driven by the need to maximise profit for shareholders and owners (G Giulia- 2002) Social enterprises are a sub set of such activities in which commercial models are used as the vehicle by which achieved(Nicholls 2006b; Thompson 2008) social objects are

  5. SOCIAL INNOVATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL Social a efficient, sustainable or just solutions and for which the value created accrues primarily to society as a whole rather than private individuals.( Standford Innovation review-2012) Social innovation is the process of developing and deploying effective solutions to challenging and often systemic social and environmental issues in support of Malhotra, Clavier). innovation social as that a novel more solution effective, than existing to problem is social progress.(Soule,

  6. SOCIAL CAPITAL Social Capital ,Networks together with shared norms, values and understandings that facilitate co-operation within or among groups.(OECD 2012) Social capital ,those functioning social groups that include such things as interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity factors of effectively

  7. WHY SOCIAL ENTERPRISES? Most of the social enterprises in India are very young because 57% of SE are below five years old and according to survey there are 2 millions SE are currently operating in to different domains Government policies relevant to SE and E among 26% policies remaining by Ministry of Finance(National Skill Entrepreneurship Policy 2015). (British council report 2016). in India, 39% of framed by MSME and

  8. SE STATISTICS IN INDIA Maharashtra, West India (16%) followed by Karnataka, South India Telangana each accounted responses followed by Uttar Pradesh (7%), West Bengal (7%), Tamil Nadu (5%), Gujarat (5%), Bihar (4%), Odisha (4%), and Rajasthan (4%). The remaining 15% of the responses were spread across 12 states. The social enterprises address many issues ( Creating Employment, protecting environment, exclusion, supporting agriculture and allied activities, empowering education and addressing Financial inclusion) (15%). for 8% of the Delhi and Improving addressing health, social women, promoting

  9. 29.5% of Indias Population living below poverty line 33% of population without electricity in rural areas compared 6% in urban Areas, 16% of schools without functional girls toilet. 50 % employment in agriculture accounts only 14%of India GDP and 31% underweight children's under five years old, India is with 356 million young people also home to the world s largest youth population. India receiving philanthropic money as per new companies act 2013 company spend nearly CSR(SWISSNEX Report 2013) social enterprises also supporting to achieve sustainable development goals (Indian social enterprise Landscape study report 2018). global global 2% of profit as

  10. WHO PROMOTES SE IN INDIA ? Intellecap, Villgro, UnLtd, Shujog, Germany s GIZ, the Asian Development Bank, the British Council, and Okapi have contributed significantly to the understanding and promoting of social enterprise in India these SE companies are registered as private limited companies, partnerships, and enterprises are supporting mentoring, conducting workshops business models and Grassroots innovations, providing research support and Impact investors are provide fund Funding(INR15 to l cr) Early stage funding(INR 1to 6.75cr) Growth stage Funding( above INR 6.75cr) year 2014 70% of impact investment in India concentrated on Micro finance and financial inclusions programmes. report(2015) The crowd funding and Philanthropy plays a vital role in booming of SE. Ashoka Deshpande Foundation Dasra, sole like ventures. access and The to above funding, refining SE training, investment. multi The impact Seed in stages like As per world Bank

  11. HOW SOCIAL ENTERPRISES DIFFER FROM AND NGO S NGO s main funding is charity and donations ,its interests on alleviating immediate sufferings than deep social changes, redistributing income from have to have-nots, charity is not sustainable solution it just a donar funding like income redistribution SE founded through business model, its improves social conditions, sustainable entrepreneurship is innovation.(Acs, Zoltan J.2010) solutions, short-lived, social social not

  12. SOCIAL ENTERPRISE ECOSYSTEM IN INDIA Ecosystem includes and Market- space, and policy makers. As per Indian social enterprise landscape survey2018 majority of social enterprise ecosystem in India based on urban locations, mostly infrastructure, ease sourcing social enterprises, and provide access to other networks development activities. However, with an increasing number of enterprises emerging from Tier II and Tier III cities and towns, enablers are expanding their services farther from the metros. Incubators, Accelerators, c0-working metros, to leverage better for funding and business

  13. According to NASSCOM business incubators and country(90 established in academic institutions, 100 incorporate , government entities.) 40% located Mumabi, these incubators are adopted different models, the government policies like Start-up India, Scheme to support MSME, Technolog Incubation and development of Entrepreneurs. Mahindra Financial Solutions funded SustainEarth (INR 2 million/ 25,000) and FlyBird (INR 5 million/ 62,500) report 190 active accelerators in the and private and in Bengaluru also made many & Mahindra

  14. DIFFERENT DOMAINS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES Affordable Housing Tourism Education Agriculture, Fisheries and Dairy Skill Development Social Enterprise Sectors Energy and Clean Technology Forestry and Environment Water and Sanitation Healthcare Non-Farm Livelihood Food and Nutrition

  15. SE IN AGRICULTURE DOMAIN Farmers in developing countries face tough challenges to their productivity, growth, and sustainability including lack of access to affordable financial products, limited knowledge of high-quality inputs, low usage of technology and market data, and poor market links across the value chain. social enterprises are implementing innovative solutions in the agriculture sector to serve them. Social enterprises are defined as private for-profit, nonprofits, or hybrid organizations that use business methods to advance their social mission. In the case of agriculture, social enterprises often address a particular pain point in the value chain, with the intention that the cost of their services or products will be recuperated by the benefits and income gains that farmers will achieve.

  16. There are 230 agriculture social enterprises are operating India like, 31%-post harvest, 22%- Market linkages, 18%-cross-cutting, harvest, 11%-Harvest,3%- sectors.(Ministry of Agriculture) Krishi Unnati Yojana , National Agriculture market and state/ UT Agriculture Produce and Livestock marketing act, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme making policies in SE in AG sector. 15%-pre and poultry dairy

  17. SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND INCUBATORS Villgro Foundation, IIT Madras, Deshpande foundation, UnLtd. Dasara, Gross Roots Business Fund, Aavishkar, Stratup India Be fund India, Ashoka India Social Enterprises Agrosaw, Dhaanya Seeds, Skymet ,One Ulink Organics, Siri Flybird Innovations, Vdrone Agro Eruvaka, Technologies, Chasing Sun, Alma Nourisher,the Green Salute, Amul, Milk Mantra, Cowbos desi, team desiMilk. Kisan raja, Agro star,Digital green Akasha Gange etc..

  18. SE MODELS IN AGRICULTURE Accessing Finance Non-Bank service providers Financial Intermediaries Indexed Based Micro Insurance Improving productivity ICT Extension Non-ICT Extension Productivity Enhancement Increasing Post harvest value Post Harvest Service providers Storage Solutions Creating Value Chain and market Linkages Direct-from-Farm Market Models Multi-stakeholder Platforms

  19. THANKS

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