Plate Tectonics and Earth's Structure for 5th Grade Science

Delve into the world of plate tectonics with a focus on Earth's layers, crust, mantle, and core. Understand how tectonic plates move and learn about continental drift and the concept of Pangea. Explore evidence of Pangea, sea floor spreading, and the fascinating geological processes that shape our planet.

• Plate Tectonics
• Earth Structure
• Tectonic Plates
• Continental Drift
• Pangea

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1. Plate Tectonics Liz LaRosa for use with my 5thGrade Science Class http://www.middleschoolscience.com 2009

2. Earths Layers The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid shell; it is broken up into huge, thick plates that drift atop the soft, underlying mantle.

3. The Crust http://members.enchantedlearning.com/ogifs/outerlayersearth.GIF Outermost layer 5 100 km thick Made of Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum

4. The Mantle Layer of Earth between the crust and the core Contains most of the Earth s mass Has more magnesium and less aluminum and silicon than the crust Is denser than the crust http://members.enchantedlearning.com/ogifs/outerlayersearth.GIF

5. The Core Below the mantle and to the center of the Earth Believed to be mostly Iron, smaller amounts of Nickel, almost no Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, or Magnesium

6. Tectonic Plates

7. Plate Tectonics Greek tektonikos of a builder Pieces of the lithosphere(Earth s crust) that move around Each plate has a name Fit together like jigsaw puzzles Float on top of mantle similar to ice cubes in a bowl of water

8. Continental Drift Alfred Wegener 1900 s theory that Continents were once a single land mass that drifted apart. Fossils of the same plants and animals are found on different continents Called this supercontinent Pangaea, Greek for all Earth 245 Million years ago Split again Laurasia & Gondwana 180 million years ago http://members.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Continents.shtml

9. Evidence of Pangea

10. Sea Floor Spreading

11. Sea Floor Spreading Mid Ocean Ridges underwater mountain chains that run through the Earth s Basins Magma rises to the surface and solidifies and new crust forms Older Crust is pushed farther away from the ridge http://members.enchantedlearning.com/sgifs/Seafloorspreading.GIF

12. How Plates Move http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/unanswered.html

13. Different Types of Boundaries http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

14. Divergent Boundary Arabian and African Plates Red Sea

15. Divergent Boundary Iceland http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

16. Divergent Boundary - Oceanic http://www.geology.com

17. Divergent Boundary - Continental http://www.geology.com

18. Convergent Boundary Indian and Eurasian Plates The red marker identifies the Himalaya Mountains

19. Convergent Boundary Oceanic & Continental http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

20. Convergent Boundary Oceanic & Oceanic http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

21. Convergent Boundaries - Continental http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

22. Transform Boundary San Andreas Fault www.geology.com

23. Review Name the 3 main layers of the Earth What is a tectonic plate? What was Pangea? What is Sea-Floor spreading? Name the three different types of plate boundaries and one location on Earth for each one