Plate Boundaries and Geological Events in California
California is located on a plate boundary experiencing major geologic events. The state's landforms are shaped by plate tectonic activity. Understanding stress types at plate boundaries can help prevent damage and save lives. The interaction at plate boundaries plays a crucial role in shaping Earth's surface features and geological events. Different types of plate boundaries such as divergent, transform, and convergent boundaries lead to various geological phenomena like earthquakes, rift valleys, and mountain formations. Additionally, the drifting of continents and rock stress types further contribute to the dynamic geological processes happening in California and beyond.
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PLATE BOUNDARIES AND CALIFORNIA
THE BIG IDEA CALIFORNIA IS LOCATED ON A PLATE BOUNDARY, WHERE MAJOR GEOLOGIC EVENTS OCCUR THERE ARE THREE MAIN TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES, WHERE STRESSES CAUSE ROCKS TO DEFORM. MANY OF CALIFORNIA S LANDFORMS WERE PRODUCED BY PLATE TECTONIC ACTIVITY, WHICH CONTINUES TODAY.
INTERACTIONS AT PLATE BOUNDARIES WHAT YOU LL LEARN: DESCRIBE TYPES OF STRESS THAT DEFORM ROCK. RELATE GEOLOGIC FEATURES OF EARTH S SURFACE TO TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES. SO WHAT?! UNDERSTANDING GEOLOGIC EVENTS THAT OCCUR AT PLATE BOUNDARIES CAN SAVE LIVES AND PREVENT DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
REVIEW VOCABULARY LITHOSPHERIC PLATE: LARGE, BRITTLE PIECES OF EARTH S OUTER SHELL COMPOSED OF CRUST AND UPPERMOST MANTLE. RIFT VALLEY: LONG, NARROW VALLEY FORMED AS THE HANGING WALL OF A DIVERGENT BOUNDARY SLIPS DOWN. FAULT: FRACTURE IN WHICH ROCKS ON ONE SIDE OF THE FRACTURE MOVE RELATIVE TO ROCKS ON THE OTHER SIDE. THE MOMENT OF BREAK CAUSES AN EARTHQUAKE
DIVERGENT P.B.: BOUNDARY FORMED WHERE PLATES MOVE APART TRANSFORM P.B: BOUNDARY FORMED WHEN TWO PLATES MOVE SIDEWAYS PAST EACH OTHER. CONVERGENT P.B.: BOUNDARY FORMED WHEN TWO PLATES MOVE TOWARD EACH OTHER. FRACTURE: BREAK OR CRACK IN ROCK CONTINENTAL RIFTING: PROCESS THAT PULLS APART A CONTINENT.
3 TYPES OF CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES Ocean to Continent Denser ocean plate always sinks below continental plate; melting forms a string of volcanoes along edge of continent. forming magma. Ocean to Ocean Colder, denser slab is forced down, forming a trench; water is released and melts rocks, Continent to Continent Compression forces crust to rise, forming tall mountains.
DRIFTING CONTINENTS Types of Rock Stress Types of Rock Stress TENSION COMPRESSION SHEER Rocks are pushed in opposite directions neither thickens nor thins lithosphere ROCKS ARE PULLED APART CAUSES STRETCHING AND THINNING OF THE LITHOSPHERE. ROCKS ARE PUSHED TOGETHER MAKES ROCK LAYER THICK.
INCINED: SLOPING, SLANTING, OR LEANING RELATIVE TO THE HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL The Leaning Tower of Pisa inclines about 3.99 degrees. In other words, the top of the tower is displaced horizontally 12 ft 10 in from where it would be if the structure were perfectly vertical.
PLATE BOUNDARIES AND CALIFORNIA MANYOF CALIFORNIA SLANDFORMSWEREPRODUCEDBYPLATE TECTONICACTIVITY, WHICHCONTINUESTODAY. THISPLATETECTONICACTIVITYAFFECTSUSIN NEVADAANDAT MCQUEEN WHAT YOU LL LEARN: DESCRIBE CALIFORNIA S CURRENT PLATE TECTONIC SETTING AND HOW PLATE MOVEMENTS HAVE PRODUCED LANDFORMS. PREDICT FUTURE CHANGES IN CALIFORNIA S TECTONIC SETTING AND TOPOGRAPHY. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE NORTH AMERICAN PLATE AND THE PACIFIC PLATE PRODUCE CALIFORNIA S MOUNTAINS AND BASINS AND CAUSE EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES. SO WHAT?!
VOCABULARY SANANDREASFAULT: THE S.A.F. IS A TRANSFORM BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE N.A. PLATE AND THE PACIFIC PLATE. IT EXTENDS ALL THE WAY FROM CAPE MENDOCINO IN THE NORTH TO THE SALTON SEA IN THE SOUTH. UPLIFT: ANY PROCESSTHAT MOVESEARTH S SURFACETOA HIGHER ELEVATION
PLATE TECTONICS IN CALIFORNIA ADJACENT: NEXT TO OR VERY NEAR *THE SAF ISABOUNDARYBETWEENTWOADJACENT PLATES THEREARE 2 IMPORTANTPLATEBOUNDARIESINCALIF. 1. SAFSYSTEMISACONTINENTALTRANSFORM BOUNDARYCUTTINGACROSSTHESTATE 2. THEREISANOFFSHORECONVERGENTBOUNDARYIN THENORTHERNPARTOFTHESTATE
THE CALIFORNIA BOUNDARIES CREATE EARTHQUAKES, VOLCANOES & MOUNTAINS
CALIFORNIAS & NEVADAS MOUNTAINS THE FOLLOWING INCUDES INFORMATION ON THE MOUNTAINS IN CALIFORNIA AND ALSO NEVADA SUBDUCTION: GRANITE ROCKS FORMED UNDER VOLCANIC MOUNTAINS WHEN PLATES CONVERGED AN ANCIENT OCEANIC PLATE SUBDUCTED, FORMING ROCKS IN SEVERAL MOUNTAIN RANGES INCLUDING THE SIERRA NEVADA TENSION STRESSES CAUSED CONTINENTAL RIFTING & THE PANAMINT RANGE ROSE
FUTURE PLATE MOVEMENTS THE PACIFIC PLATEWILLKEEPMOVING NORTHWEST, BRINGINGLOSANGELESANDSAN FRANCISCOCLOSERTOGETHER DEATHVALLEYANDTHEGULFOF CALIFORNIA AREDROPPINGANDOPENINGUPASARESULT OFTENSIONSTRESS ALL DUE TO PLATE TECTONICS!!
