Methods of Separation in Everyday Life
G. SOLVENT EXTRACTION.
G. SOLVENT EXTRACTION.
•
Solvent extraction is the separation of a
substance from a mixture by dissolving that
substance in a solvent.
•
E.g Solvent extraction is used to extract oil
from ground nuts, macadamia or cashew
nuts.
How to do it.
i.
Crush about 30 ground nuts in a mortar
using a pestle.
ii.
Add little propanone at a time as you
continue crushing the nuts.
iii.
Separate the solution from the solid
parts by either decanting or filtration.
iv.
Heat the solution gently until all the
propanone has evaporated.
v.
Nut oil will be left on the evaporating
dish.
•
Why is propanone used as a solvent
Why is propanone used as a solvent
instead of water?
instead of water?
•
Propanone is used since it can dissolve
Propanone is used since it can dissolve
oil. Water cannot be used in this case
oil. Water cannot be used in this case
since it does not dissolve oil.
since it does not dissolve oil.
H. CRYSTALLIZATION.
H. CRYSTALLIZATION.
•
Is the process of obtaining crystals from a
saturated solution by slow evaporation.
•
A crystal is formed when particles in a
substance arrange themselves into a well
defined structure.E.g Sugar crystals.
APLLICATION OF METHODS OF SEPARATION OF
APLLICATION OF METHODS OF SEPARATION OF
MIXTURES IN EVERYDAY LIFE.
MIXTURES IN EVERYDAY LIFE.
•
Extraction of oil from nuts.
•
Crude oil refining.
•
Fractional distillation of liquefied air.
Solvent extraction and crystallization are methods used to separate substances in mixtures. Solvent extraction involves dissolving a substance in a solvent to extract it, while crystallization forms crystals from a saturated solution. Propanone is used as a solvent due to its ability to dissolve oil, which water cannot do. The process includes crushing nuts, adding propanone, separating the solution, evaporating the solvent, and collecting the nut oil. These methods find applications in everyday life, such as extracting oil from nuts, refining crude oil, and fractional distillation of liquefied air.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
You are allowed to download the files provided on this website for personal or commercial use, subject to the condition that they are used lawfully. All files are the property of their respective owners.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
G. SOLVENT EXTRACTION. Solvent extraction is the separation of a substance from a mixture by dissolving that substance in a solvent. E.g Solvent extraction is used to extract oil from ground nuts, macadamia or cashew nuts. How to do it. i. Crush about 30 ground nuts in a mortar using a pestle.
ii. Add little propanone at a time as you continue crushing the nuts. iii. Separate the solution from the solid parts by either decanting or filtration. iv. Heat the solution gently until all the propanone has evaporated. v. Nut oil will be left on the evaporating dish.
Why is propanone used as a solvent instead of water? Propanone is used since it can dissolve oil. Water cannot be used in this case since it does not dissolve oil.
H. CRYSTALLIZATION. Is the process of obtaining crystals from a saturated solution by slow evaporation. A crystal is formed when particles in a substance arrange themselves into a well defined structure.E.g Sugar crystals.
APLLICATION OF METHODS OF SEPARATION OF MIXTURES IN EVERYDAY LIFE. Extraction of oil from nuts. Crude oil refining. Fractional distillation of liquefied air.
