Exploring the Production of Silicon Wafers and Microchips
Silicon wafers
Microchips are made on silicon wafers.
Silicon wafer
www.guardian.co.uk
http://mrsec.wisc.edu
en.wikipedia.org
Wafers are cut from
boules
, which are large logs
of uniform silicon.
Looking at this picture,
where
do you think silicon boules are
made? Why do you think so?
Making silicon boules
Czochralski process:
Melting of
polysilicon
Introduction of
seed crystal
Beginning of
crystal growth
Crystal pulling
Formed crystal
en.wikipedia.org
What is silicon?
Formed crystals
Czochralski process:
Melting of
polysilicon
Introduction
of seed
crystal of
silicon
Beginning
of crystal
growth
Crystal
pulling
Formed
crystal
Dissolve excessive
amounts of sugar in water
Introduction of seed
crystal of sugar
Many crystals grow
on stick
Making rock candy:
Have you ever made
rock candy?
What could be some
things that the
Czochralski process
and making rock
candy have in
common?
What could be some
ways that they are
different?
So silicon is made in the
Czochralski
process, but what is silicon?
en.wikipedia.org
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What is silicon?
•
Made from silica
•
Second most
abundant element in
the Earth’s crust
(Guess what’s most common?)
mywedding.com
(sand, rocks, dirt…)
High-Purity Silica
SiO
2
Si (polysilicon)
Si
Electric furnace,
high temperatures
(over 1900°C!)
What is silicon?
energyandcapital.com
Video: Making Silicon Wafers
How do they do it: Silicon Wafers
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWVywhzuHnQ
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers
•
Crystalline silicon is strong but brittle.
•
Crystalline structure
(repeating pattern)
has plane lines that
can break.
http://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v=
MlsxGjJuL7s
Si Unit Cell
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers
Where are the plane lines?
•
Different sides of unit cell have different names.
•
Si breaks 90° to the (100) plane
(100) plane
•
Breaks 90° to the (100) plane
•
How will each wafer break? Why?
Add the wafers and your predictions to
your lab notebook.
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers
Top
Side
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers
•
Using a diamond cutter, find the
orientation of your wafer
•
Record your observations
or
Video: Making Silicon Wafers
How do they do it: Silicon Wafers
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWVywhzuHnQ
Pass out silicon wafers. This is what they print on to make microchips.
Delve into the fascinating world of silicon wafers and microchips, starting from the creation of silicon boules to the Czochralski process. Discover how silicon, the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, is transformed from silica into high-purity silicon using electric furnaces. Uncover the similarities and differences between the Czochralski process and making rock candy, and learn about the cutting of silicon wafers. Watch a video on making silicon wafers and explore the intricate process behind microchip production.
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Presentation Transcript
Silicon wafers Silicon wafer Microchips are made on silicon wafers. www.guardian.co.uk
http://mrsec.wisc.edu en.wikipedia.org Wafers are cut from boules, which are large logs of uniform silicon. Looking at this picture, where do you think silicon boules are made? Why do you think so?
Making silicon boules Czochralski process: Introduction of seed crystal Beginning of crystal growth Formed crystal Melting of polysilicon Crystal pulling What is silicon? en.wikipedia.org
Czochralski process: Have you ever made rock candy? What could be some things that the Czochralski process and making rock candy have in common? Introduction of seed crystal of silicon Melting of polysilicon Beginning of crystal growth Crystal pulling Formed crystal Making rock candy: What could be some ways that they are different? Dissolve excessive amounts of sugar in water Introduction of seed crystal of sugar Many crystals grow on stick Formed crystals
So silicon is made in the Czochralski process, but what is silicon? What are some things you know about silicon? en.wikipedia.org
What is silicon? Made from silica (sand, rocks, dirt ) Second most abundant element in the Earth s crust (Guess what s most common?) mywedding.com
What is silicon? High-Purity Silica SiO2 Electric furnace, high temperatures (over 1900 C!) Si (polysilicon) Si energyandcapital.com
Video: Making Silicon Wafers How do they do it: Silicon Wafers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWVywhzuHnQ
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers Crystalline silicon is strong but brittle. Crystalline structure (repeating pattern) has plane lines that can break. http://www.youtu be.com/watch?v= MlsxGjJuL7s Si Unit Cell
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers Where are the plane lines? Different sides of unit cell have different names. Si breaks 90 to the (100) plane (100) plane
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers Breaks 90 to the (100) plane Top Side How will each wafer break? Why? Add the wafers and your predictions to your lab notebook.
Activity: Cutting Silicon Wafers Using a diamond cutter, find the orientation of your wafer or Record your observations
Video: Making Silicon Wafers How do they do it: Silicon Wafers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWVywhzuHnQ
