Evolution of Wireless-Wireline Convergence in 5G Networks

The convergence of wireless and wireline networks in the context of 5G brings about significant changes and improvements. This evolution involves the integration of 5G core networks, new access network functions, enhanced interfaces, and the introduction of new devices like 5G residential gateways. The guiding principles focus on a smooth migration path, full support for transformation, and maximizing the addressable market. Deployment scenarios and a detailed roadmap further illustrate the progression towards a seamless integration of wireless and wireline technologies in the 5G era.

• 5G Networks
• Wireless-Wireline Convergence
• Core Network
• Access Network
• 5G Residential Gateways

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1. WWC Work Area June 2023 Introduction to 5G Wireless-Wireline Convergence

2. What does Wireless Wireline Convergence bring? 5G Core Network New issue: 2022 Wireline Access Networks A new edge function, the AGF, replaces the BNG and allows wireline users to access 5G services through 5GC A new generation of wireline residential gateways (5G-RG), behaving as UE towards 5GC, are authenticated via USIM- based credentials Enhanced N1, N2, N3 interfaces (R16) allowing to plug in a Fixed Network First issue in July 2020 2

3. 5G WWC Architecture OSS N1 NRF NSSF NEF UDM 5G-RG (FWA) AUSF AF PCF N2 5G-RG (hybrid) AMF SMF N3 N1 N2 N1 5G-RG (wireline) Access Network AGF IMS UPF N3 V W-5GAN FN-RG V AAA Data Network U BNG FN-RG Other IT 3

4. 5G WWC - Guiding Principles Smooth Migration Path Wireline Access Network Full Support Transformation 5G Introduction Core Network Loose Coupling and minimal impacts between Access Network and Core Network Maximize Addressable Market 4

5. Convergence Deployment Scenarios 5G-RG (FWA) (TR-124) Radio Access Network (3GPP) 5G-RG 5G Core (Control Plane, User Plane, Services) (3GPP TS 23.501 etc.) (Hybrid Access) (TR-124) UP ---- CP (WT- 458) 5G Wireline AGF (WT-456) Home Device 5G-RG (Wired) (TR-124) Data Network(s) Home Device Home Device Wireline Access Network (TR-101 family, TR-178) 5G FMIF (WT-457) FN-RG (Wired - Legacy) (TR-124) FN-RG BNG (Wired - Legacy) (TR-124) (TR-92, TR-101, TR-178) 5

6. Convergence Roadmap 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 FWA Extension Specification(s) tbd FWA Extension Study IMS for 5G-RG WT-493 Architecture IMS for 5G-RG Architecture Phase2 IMS for 5G-RG Study IMS for 5G-RG WT-Business IMS for 5G-RG WT-494 Residential WWC 18.1 WWC 16.3 TR-457, WT-458 BBF WWC 16.2 TRs 456i2, 470i2; TRs 124i7, 181 Joint BBF/3GPP Workshop BBF WWC 16.1 TR-456, TR-470, TR-124i6, TR-181 BBF WWC Study SD-407 BBF OB-5WWC 5G-RG Open-Source Implementation IETF 5WE (RFC 8822) Release 19 WWC & ATSSS enhancements Release 18 WWC Specs Release 17 Release 16 5G Phase 2 WWC Studies Functional Freeze Release 15 5G Phase 1 6

7. WWC Phase 16.3 in progress 5G Project Stream TR-457: FMIF functional requirements Working on finalizing: WT-458: AGF for CUPS - IMS for 5G-RG Project Stream Working on key specifications: WT-493: IMS for 5G-RG Architecture - WT-494: IMS for 5G-RG Residential Voice Requirements - Other Phase 16.3 Items: See online Issue List on wiki https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/5G+WWC+Phase+3 9 9

8. WWC Phase 18.1 Scoping in progress Item list: 5G WWC Phase 18.1 (Phase 1 of WWC for 3GPP Rel.18) New items Items deferred from Phase 16.3 (tbd) Expecting the following deliverables New issues of TR-470 and TR-456 (feature enhancements) New issue of TR-458 (CUPS enhancements) Feedback & Maintenance from production implementations 10

9. FWA Extension (no PS assigned) Phase 1 in progress Phase 1 (Study Phase, started in 1Q2023) addresses: Use cases for 5G FWA via a converged or pure 5G network approach within an MDU. 1:N models (N=number of MDU apartments) connected to a FWA modem Initial high level architectural design alternatives of functional composition and placement Scenario 1: The Converged 5G and fixed network approach Scenario 2: The pure 5G approach using RG with SIM capabilities Scenario 3: The pure 5G approach using iSIM in the DPU Scenario 4: The pure 5G approach using SIM in the NTE Scenario 5: The pure 5G approach using DPU as the NTE MAC address identifier Results are collected on the WWC wiki: https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/FWA+Extension Expected completion date of phase 1: 3Q2023 (including decision about next steps/subsequent phases) 11

10. WWC Work Area -Key Deliverables 12

11. TR-470: 5G WWC Architecture Issue 1 - published July 2020 Describes the set of functions and interfaces that realize the use cases by BBF and 3GPP for 3GPP Release 16, including network functions for adapting wireline access onto the 5G Core. Issue 2 - published in March 2022 Multiple IP session support for FN-RGs Additional authentication in the form of PAP/CHAP support for FN-RGs Extensions to RG-LWAC (key to mapping 5QI to wireline QOS) Global Line ID(GLI) used for FN-RG authentication, location Other 5G operational issues, DHCP support, PEI etc. Use cases, clarification and guidance added Issue 3 draft baseline initiated Planned updates: Hybrid Access/Multipath, Devices behind RG TR references ( IMS for 5G-RG project stream WTs, TR-458 for the FMC CUPS call flows) 13 13

12. TR-456: AGF Functional Requirements Issue 1 - published in July 2020 Migration in between FN-RG and 5G-RG Single PDU session support for FN-RG 1:1 double tag VLAN model support for 5G-RG Issue 2, published in March 2022 Additional authentication in the form of PAP/CHAP support for FN-RGs Support for FN-RG Static IPv4 Addressing Updates to VSNP procedures; NAS and AS messaging. Fixes, clarifications and additional guidance for improved interoperability. Issue 3, draft baseline initiated Planned updates: Phase 3 enhancements: Co-located AGF/UPF support TR references (WT-458 for the AGF CUPS call flows, IMS for 5G-RG project stream WTs) 14 14

13. 5G-RG Support Phase 1 - completed 2020 Integration with 5G Core control plane based on NAS/ N1 interface over Y4 Wireline CP and UP aspects for 1:1 VLAN model FWA 5G QoS TR-069/TR-181 updates to manage and operate 5G RG Phase 2 - completed 2022 NR and LTE radio support (optional) Hybrid Access Multi-Access support with traffic bonding and access steering More TR-181 updates for enhanced CPE features Phase 3 - ongoing IMS for 5G-RGs ( separate project stream established in April 2022) Support for 3GPP and Non-3GPP Devices and Procedures in the Home/behind the RG Hybrid Access Enhancements (ATSSS/MP) Support for Ethernet services 15 15

14. FN-RG Support Phase 1 completed in 2020 AGF specification for basic operation for a routed FN-RG PPPoE or IPoE operations with IPv4 and/or IPv6 access Single PDU session Credential-less authentication (line ID is the coin of the realm) Phase 2 completed in 1Q2022 Multiple PDU sessions PAP/CHAP authentication support Phase 3 completed in 1Q2023 TR-457 FMIF Requirements Specification 16

15. IMS for 5G-RG Study carried out during WWC phase 2 IMS for 5G-RG PS established in April 2022 Specification in progress as part of BBF WWC Phase 3, spun off into IMS for 5G-RG Project Stream Two current deliverables in progress: WT-493: IMS for 5G-RG Architecture WT-494: IMS for 5G-RG Residential Voice Requirements 17

16. FWA Extension (no PS assigned) Phase 1 Study (established in 1Q2023) Study of Use Cases and Architecture Results are collected on the WWC wiki: https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/FWA+Extension Timeline to conclude phase 1 and agree next steps/phase is by 3Q2023 Phase 2 Specification work (tbd) 18

17. WWC Ways of Working 19

18. WWC Ways of Working How do we agree on the topics to progress? Use cases help We collect items on issue lists for the phasing : see 5G WWC Phase 3 and Phase 18.1 How do we discuss progressing topics to eventual settlement Bi-weekly conference calls Mailing List discussion Tiger Teams and comments on the Tiger Team wiki pages How do we communicate proposals to settle content Contributions that socialize solutions, or propose document edits Wiki either via comment, direct editing, or capture of contribution interim conclusions How do we capture settled content / agreements Updates to WT baseline(s) as a work in progress by the editors How do we finalize the WT(s) Straw ballot process for comments, final ballot is go/nogo sanity check

19. BBF DocumentationStyle TR-470i1/i2 Rosetta Stone Architecture & Deployment Scenarios Non-normative descriptions of how this all hangs together and where things are specified TR-124i6/i7/i8 CPE Requirements 5G support defined as a series of requirements modules for a-la-carte adoption WT-456i3 & WT-457 AGF/FMIF requirements Hybrid of BBF requirements style and 3GPP call flows illustrating BBF specifics and calling out 3GPP specs as needed WT-458: FMC CUPS Call flow specifics for AGF-U and AGF-C Based on latest TR-456 issues TR-181 CPE management model Theory of operation with a machine compliable model definition. Example IPv4oE FN-RG procedure 21

20. Staying Involved at BBF Quarterly Meetings WWC Biweekly Technical Calls Every 2nd Thursday between f2f meetings 10am to 12pm EST / NY Time Zoom web meeting WWC Biweekly Marketing Calls Alternating Thursdays with the technical calls 10am to 11am EST/ NY Time Zoom web meeting https://wiki.broadband- forum.org/display/BBF/WWC+Calendar https://www. broadband-forum.org/ meetings-and-events 22

21. Thank You. 23

22. More information 24

23. Webinars We did multiple Webinars and this is going to be continued Replay and slides are available Webinar 1, Intro to WWC Slidedeck: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CyaE_8r96u2KZidKzoX9a-PlQ0PKZFYv/view?usp=sharing Recording: https://drive.google.com/file/d/134ajDhYwOAAmzFgZztSyVpHu-wbg3YLq/view?usp=sharing Webinar 2, 'Bringing New 5G Services Inside the Home with 5G-Residential Gateways' Slidedeck: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NzHfD9I3jHGe1PVdoSR286T532hUndya/view?usp=sharing Recording: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EcIxtyMEJstKveE8MWI92XYom16jfPGJ/view?usp=sharing Webinar 3, QoE in a Wireless Wireline Converged Network Slidedeck: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1r5wf1DLdt0ZUddqEg8zdrkkWlbvOqdLr/view?usp=sharing Recording: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pzQmtJQwdg_ig6ANvkJhO-S9JGBgux-v/view?usp=sharing

24. Acronyms AGF ATSSS CUPS FMIF 5G-RG FN-RG NG RAN NAS PDU UE W-AN WWC 5WE 5G Access Gateway Function Access Traffic Steering, Switching & Splitting Control and User Plane Separation Fixed Mobile Interworking Function 5G Residential Gateway Fixed Network Residential Gateway Next Generation / 5G Radio Access Network Non Access Stratum Protocol Data Unit User Equipment Wireline Access Network Wireline Wireless Convergence 5G WWC User Plane Encapsulation Protocol 26

25. Document References BBF (Members only - Requires login/password. Sign up here https://organizer.broadband-forum.org/users/sign_up) TR-456 AGF Requirements https://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-456_Issue-2.pdf TR-457 FMIF Requirements https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21169 WT-458 FMC CUPS https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21163 TR-470 WWC Architectural Overview https://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-470_Issue-2.pdf MD-427 Convergence White Paper https://www.broadband-forum.org/marketing/download/mktgdocs/MR-427.pdf (PUBLIC) MD-464 5G Migration of Fixed Access White Paper https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/MD-464+Migrating+Fixed+Access+to+5G+core RG functional requirements https://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-124_Issue-7.pdf BBF OB-5WWC Project: Open Broadband WWC Reference Implementation for 5G-RG (OB-5WWC) IETF RFC8822 5G FMC UP Encapsulation https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8822 3GPP 23.501 System Architecture of 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3144# 23.502 Procedures for 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3145# 23.716 Study on WWC https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3249# 23.316 WWC access in 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3576# 27