Compact Aerial Photogrammetry System (CAPS) with VTOL Drone
Developing a Compact Aerial Photogrammetry System (CAPS) utilizing a fixed-wing VTOL drone equipped with cameras and GPS for generating georeferenced maps of large areas. The system combines drone versatility with advanced image analysis, enabling aerial assessments and coherent change detection. Project goals include vertical take-off/landing, fixed-wing flight, capturing georeferenced images, and producing detailed maps using photogrammetry software.
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ENGINEERING 491: SENIOR DESIGN Team 3: Team 3: Compact Aerial Photogrammetry System (CAPS) Team Members: Team Members: Michael DelGuidice (EE), Jovan Tormes (EE), Rummah Himat (EE), and Husnain Shahid (CE) Technical Manager: Technical Manager: Professor Tomas Materdey Customer Mentor: Customer Mentor: Captain William Shepherd
VOTL Drone VOTL Drone Project Project Proposal Proposal: : Compact Compact Aerial Aerial Photogrammetry Photogrammetry System System (CAPS) (CAPS) We will purchase a fixed-wing VTOL drone, equip it with a camera, and fly above campus to take images to be used to generate a georeferenced photographs a large area, then software will create maps and compare images. map. Our system rapidly Flight Path Flight Path This system will be tested on the Umass Boston campus. Project Project Scope Scope The drone, camera, GPS, RF transmitter, and image processing software composes a self combines hybrid drone versatility with advanced image analysis. Our system can be used for aerial assessments and coherent change detection (CCD) applications. Mapping Mapping self- -contained contained system that
VOTL Drone VOTL Drone Engineering Engineering Requirements Requirements for for CAPS CAPS Project Project The drone performs by vertically taking off, completing flight in fixed-wing mode horizontally over buildings on campus, and then vertically landing using only 80% of its battery. Flight Path Flight Path Images gathered by camera overlap 60-70%, and include GPS location, and orientation data. The photogrammetry software reproducibility combines images to create 2D and 3D maps. Customer Customer Requirements Requirements for for CAPS CAPS Project Project Mapping Mapping Drone flight path and image data is stored, allowing the map production to be repeated over a length of time. Georeferenced maps are analyzed with a coherent change change detection detection algorithm to compare differences in maps over time. coherent
VOTL Drone VOTL Drone 5 Project Specific Success Criteria (PSSC's): 5 Project Specific Success Criteria (PSSC's): The hybrid drone completes a vertical take-off/landing (VTOL) and has a fixed-wing design for horizontal flight through the air. A PCB PCB functions properly in the drone to assist the image taking and transmission system by amplifying Wi-Fi or RF signal. Flight Path Flight Path The camera equipped to the drone captures aerial images of campus with GPS location and sends them to ground hub in real time. The drone accurately with georeferencing follows the flight path above campus programmed through drone-mapping software and can repeat this process. Mapping Mapping An aerial map of campus is produced with photogrammetry software, using machine machine learning learning and computer vision algorithms that classify and stitch images together that overlap 60-70%.
Fixed Fixed- -Wing VOTL UAV / Compact Aerial Photogrammetry System (CAPS) Subsystem Block Diagram Wing VOTL UAV / Compact Aerial Photogrammetry System (CAPS) Subsystem Block Diagram
Skills And Tools: Drone Drone Configuration Configuration Photogrammetry Photogrammetry PCB Design PCB Design Coherent Change Coherent Change Detection Detection Agisoft Metashape Agisoft Metashape Michael, Fox Jovan, Husnain Husnain, Fox Michael, Fox Jovan, Husnain Online tutorials and forums Image analyzation KiCAD PCB Design Image-based CCD software Online tutorials Open-source projects Includes understanding conditions for flight, using controller, and reading manuals. Working with the camera to understand GPS location, resolution, and any storage limitations. Using this software will allow us to design and build a PCB. Ensuring that maps are accurate in orientation and quality, before scanning images for variation. Software that will generate 2D/3D scans of buildings based on photos taken by drone.
Microsoft Project Critical Report:
VOTL Drone VOTL Drone Project Design: Fixed Project Design: Fixed- -Wing VOTL Drone Wing VOTL Drone First Choice First Choice Purchase a Commercial ARF Hybrid Drone: Purchase a Commercial ARF Hybrid Drone: OMP Hobby ZMO Z3 VTOL Flight Path Flight Path For $1,399, this drone has a range of 60 minutes. The built in GPS, three motorized propellers, and a Caddx Air Unit Camera means we would only need to build a transmitter and receiver to process images. Alternative Alternative Purchase a Purchase a Commercial Commercial RTF RTF Hybrid Drone: Hybrid Drone: HEQ Swan K1 Pro For $1,099, this drone can transmit images up to 1.86 miles and a has range of 30 minutes (Rotor and Fixed Mode). With a built in GPS and four motorized propellers, we would need to purchase a camera and receiver to send images to ground control. Mapping Mapping
Our Selection for Consumer Drone: OMPHobby ZMO Z3 VTOL OMPHobby ZMO Z3 VTOL HEQ Swan K1 Pro HEQ Swan K1 Pro Camera: Camera: Included and built into the nose of the drone. Camera: Camera: Not included, will be placed at nose of the drone Load: Load: The drone is built primarily of foam, so the load capacity after the camera is added may be minimal. Load: Load: The drone is built primarily of foam, so the load capacity after the camera is added between 0.3-0.8 lbs. Shipping: Shipping: Multiple websites offering free <1 week shipping Shipping: Shipping: Can pay for less than 1 week-shipping (<$50)
VOTL Drone VOTL Drone Project Design: Aerial Camera Project Design: Aerial Camera First Choice First Choice Purchase a 4k @ 60 Purchase a 4k @ 60 rps rps compatible compatible camera: camera: Caddx Walnut Action Camera This $129 model is a full frame camera that is WIFI-enabled. The camera has a built-in battery and a microSD card slot. We are unsure if this camera is compatible with the OMPHobby drone. Flight Path Flight Path Hawkeye Firefly X Lite This $140 model is a micro frame camera that is WIFI-enabled. The camera has a built-in battery and a microSD card slot. We are unsure if this camera is compatible with the OMPHobby drone. Alternative Alternative Purchase a Purchase a lower lower- -quality quality compatible compatible camera: camera: Mapping Mapping Caddx Air Unit Micro Camera This $189 model is a micro frame camera with a built-in video transmitter. The camera has a built-in battery and a microSD card slot. This camera is specifically compatible with the OMPHobby drone.
Our Selection for Aerial Cameras: Caddx Air Unit Micro Camera Caddx Air Unit Micro Camera Caddx Walnut Action Camera Caddx Walnut Action Camera B B Sensor Size: Sensor Size: Full Frame: 38mm x 36mm Sensor Size: Sensor Size: Micro Frame: 19mm x 19mm Image Resolution: Image Resolution: 4K @ 60fps Image Resolution: Image Resolution: 1080p @ 60fps Image Transmission: Image Transmission: WiFi Enabled Image Transmission: Image Transmission: Built-in Video Transmitter Weight: Weight: 0.139 lbs Weight: Weight: 0.092 lbs
Photogrammetry Software: Agisoft Agisoft Metashape Metashape: : An open-source software. With this software we will be able to do photogrammetric triangulation, point cloud data, measurements for distances, volumes and areas, 3D model generation and textures. Minimum requirement for quality photomapping is 12MPX resolution photos. Higher the quality of the camera: smoother the texturing of the maps. Free trial, but an educational License is also available.
Umass Boston Flight Path Proposal: Main Main considerations considerations for Umass Boston s 120-acre campus is comprised of 11 buildings, ranging in height from approximately 30 to 168 feet. The dense population, windy conditions, and active construction zones will mean we will have to exercise caution. The flight range of most commercial drones within our budget is between 15 and 50 minutes, depending on the conditions. This will require us to subdivide the campus and capture images during multiple flight to generate a single-stitched image. Federal Aviation Administration mandate that the height of UMB s campus buildings cannot exceed 200 feet. The FAA designates that personal exceed 196 feet in Umass Boston's airspace. for our our flight flight path path regulations drones cannot
Project Deliverables And Budget: Budget Budget Deliverables Deliverables Purchase a Fixed-Wing Hybrid VTOL drone OMPHobby OMPHobby ZMO Z3 VTOL ZMO Z3 VTOL $1,399 Install camera on drone with image transmission system. Shipping Shipping Free Caddx Caddx Walnut Action Camera Walnut Action Camera $129 Have drone complete flight path above campus Shipping Shipping Free Create aerial map of UMass Boston Campus from photogrammetry software. Agisoft Metashape Agisoft Metashape Free Confirm georeferenced 2D and 3D map accuracy. Repeat process for Coherent Change Detection. Total Total $1539
Design Validation Tests: Hardware and Drone Flight Validation Hardware and Drone Flight Validation Software and Photogrammetry Validation Software and Photogrammetry Validation Take images with camera detached from drone to test GPS data and assess quality/pixel size. Assess drone for defects, and proper camera mounting mechanism. Generate 2D/3D maps in Agisoft Metashape using images from camera. Test vertical take/landing, and horizontal movement in open field. Ensuring software is up to date and compatible with images. Look at battery life for different usage times. Check orientation of camera images when drone is in flight.
Project Execution, Safety, and Resource Section: Our Project (CAPS) will commence in stages, keeping the components of drone flight gathering gathering, map stitching map stitching, and coherent change detection coherent change detection separate and testable. drone flight, image image Our drone will be registered with FAA, and permission from campus safety officials will be obtained before all flights. We will adhere to ethical considerations by communicating progress with TM/CM, keeping track of any changes in budget and drone or software functions, logging errors in coding, and blurring any personal details we photograph. APPROVAL Team members: TM, Professor Materdey CM, Captain Shepherd
