Morbid obesity, its definition, BMI, and the pathological consequences it has on health. Dr. Imran Abbas's medical unit at Sheikh Zayed Hospital in Rahim Yar Khan specializes in treating morbid obesity and related health conditions.

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Guidelines of renal biopsy, types of acute kidney injury, clinical manifestations, and pathological findings in this comprehensive lecture. Explore the normal anatomy and histology of the kidney, terminology, etiology, pathophysiology, and more.

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Learn how to conduct a thorough musculoskeletal system assessment, including functional assessments and physical examination guidelines. Explore assessment techniques for ADLs, gait observation, joint palpation, muscle strength testing, and more in nursing practice.

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Pathological fractures occur in weakened bones due to underlying diseases or conditions, often manifesting with minimal trauma. Common causes include neoplastic lesions, infections, metabolic imbalances, and developmental disorders. Recognizing these fractures is crucial for timely intervention and

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Explore the anatomy of the knee joint, common knee injuries like meniscus tears and ACL ruptures, and the role of physiotherapy in treatment and rehabilitation. Learn about exercises, gait training, and post-surgical care for knee injuries.

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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is characterized by sclerosis of some glomeruli, while membranous nephropathy (MN) involves subepithelial immunoglobulin deposits. FSGS can lead to end-stage renal disease, with poor response to corticosteroid therapy. MN, on the other hand, shows diffuse ca

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Explore the hallmarks of cellular pathology, including factors influencing disease predisposition such as genetics, environmental factors, and lifestyle. Delve into the cellular response to stress, adaptive and pathological reactions, and key stressors disrupting cellular homeostasis. Uncover how ce

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Dive into the realm of medical terminology suffixes and their significance in altering the meanings of terms. Explore various types of suffixes like grammatical, diagnostic, pathological, surgical procedure, and disease-related. Learn examples of noun suffixes and their definitions, shedding light o

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Radiographic imaging plays a crucial role in the evaluation and diagnosis of thoraco-mediastino-pleuro-pulmonary conditions. Techniques like radioscopy, digital radiography, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, conventional pulmonary angiography, and hybrid imaging methods offer detailed

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Bone fractures can occur due to external forces, high-energy trauma, bone fatigue, or underlying skeletal diseases. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, swelling, and difficulty moving. Different types of fractures include nondisplaced, displaced, compound, pathological, longitudinal, and spiral fract

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Rheumatology encompasses over 200 conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, with foot involvement being significant in conditions like RA and OA. Podiatrists play a crucial role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing foot problems associated with inflammatory arthritis, such as joint damage,

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Falls among hospitalized patients pose a significant risk, with 30-50% resulting in injuries. The Morse Fall Scale (MFS) is a widely used method to assess fall risk, comprising six variables with predictive validity. Factors such as history of falling, ambulatory aids, gait, and mental status are cr

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Defining the distinction between traumatic and pathological fractures, exploring the relationship between non-traumatic fractures and underlying bone pathologies, and discussing modeling options for classifying fractures. Stress fractures, insufficiency fractures, and the causes of pathological frac

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This detailed guide covers the essential components of the acute knee exam conducted in an urgent care setting by Dr. Gregory Jones, including chief complaints, anatomy, examination techniques, ligament assessments, practical aspects, and more. The examination process involves assessing functional l

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Explore a comprehensive collection of videos and images demonstrating various pathologic gait patterns exhibited in patients with different lower extremity weaknesses and neurological conditions. From steppage gait to Parkinsonian gait, each video provides a visual insight into the distinct characte

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Pathological pigmentation involves the abnormal deposition of pigments in the body. It can be classified as exogenous or endogenous, with various sources and types of pigments. Melanin, one of the endogenous pigments, plays a crucial role in determining tissue color and can have protective functions

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Azoturia, also known as exertional rhabdomyolysis or tying-up syndrome, is a multifactorial myopathy that mainly affects draft horses. It is characterized by stiffness in gait, reluctance to move, lameness, and myoglobinuria. The disease typically occurs during exercise after a period of rest and ca

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Understanding age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is crucial for appropriate drug prescribing in older adults. Recognizing high-risk medications to avoid, understanding common drug interactions, and conducting regular drug list reviews are key components in providing safe an

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Pathological conditions affecting local churches such as "Ethnic-itis," "Ghost town," and "People blindness" are discussed along with their symptoms and remedies. Solutions include transitioning to reflect the neighborhood, using circuit-riding pastors in rural churches, and celebrating cultural dif

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Dive into the world of vocabulary with Week 1's words and their meanings. Work with a partner to discuss terms like "swell," "aspect," "navigation," "submerge," "porthole," "anxiety," "cultural," "rampart," "tight-fisted," and "gait." Explore the nuances and applications of each word through engagin

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Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) is a condition characterized by the classic triad of dementia, urinary incontinence, and gait disturbance. Learn about the history, types, diagnostic studies, and presentation of NPH, along with differentiating it from other diseases. Discover the current standard

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Physiotherapy, a branch of medical science, utilizes various modalities like electric current, heat/cold, water, and exercises for therapeutic treatment. It includes exercise therapy with active and passive movements, electrotherapy, thermotherapy, hydrotherapy, and massage. Active movements involve

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This resource delves into the static assessment of posture and balance, exploring the various inputs and control mechanisms involved in maintaining standing posture. It discusses the key factors influencing posture, such as visual, somatosensory, proprioceptive, and vestibular systems, along with mu

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Neurological examination in dogs and cats is crucial for diagnosing nervous system disorders. This guide covers the recording of history, general and detailed clinical examinations, examination of CSF, radiographic examination, EEG, and brain biopsy. It includes assessing history, mental state, move

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Sally Kennedy, a UK physiotherapist, explores gait abnormalities common in older individuals and those with neurological conditions. The content delves into the stages of the normal gait cycle, from initial contact to mid-swing, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing common gait pro

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Gait is a rhythmic motion of the lower extremities characterized by alternating propulsive and retropulsive movements. The Gait Cycle consists of Swing Phase and Stance Phase, each crucial for walking efficiency. Stance Phase is further divided into stages like Initial Contact, Loading Response, Mid

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Understanding pathological gait variations related to hip joint differences is crucial in gait analysis. Excessive sagittal, coronal, and transverse plane motions impact stance and swing phases, leading to deviations in gait patterns. Excess flexion, limited flexion, past retraction, excess adductio

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Explore different knee deviations in gait analysis, such as limited knee flexion, knee hyperextension, extensor thrust, and excess knee flexion. Learn how these deviations disrupt normal gait patterns, impact muscle demands, and affect shock absorption during various phases of the gait cycle.

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This collection highlights clinical and pathological staging cases in oncology, covering scenarios from colon, lung, bladder, and kidney cancer. Each case presents detailed information on tumor characteristics, lymph node involvement, metastasis status, and clinical stages. Images accompany the desc

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Balance in elderly individuals is essential to prevent falls and injuries. Disorders of balance can lead to difficulties in posture maintenance, walking, and dizziness. Neural components play a crucial role in postural control, involving sensory processes, central processing, and effector components

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This presentation focuses on the impact of osteoarthritis in older adults, key components of rehabilitation post Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), falls risk, evidence-based balance improvement interventions, and the importance of supervision in rehab programs. It discusses the common locations and cau

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Walking is a fundamental yet complex phenomenon that plays a crucial role in our daily lives. Despite its significance, the science behind how we walk is often overlooked in education and healthcare. This article delves into the various aspects of walking, from muscle actions to gait analysis, shedd

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This presentation delves into updates on the stratification tool for fall risk in community-dwelling older adults, emphasizing the importance of early intervention through opportunistic health visits. It discusses a decision tree model for assessing fall risk, highlighting the significance of histor

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This presentation discusses the considerations and choices of gait devices for children with lumbar level myelomeningocele. It covers the specific needs of pediatric patients, benefits and drawbacks of various devices, funding requirements, and clinical application through case studies. The material

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Genu valgum, also known as knock knees, is characterized by inward angulation of the legs at the knee joint. This condition can arise from various factors such as rickets, growth imbalances, muscle weakness, injuries, and more. Symptoms include visual separation of the ankles, altered gait, and pote

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The Pathological Protein delves into the intriguing case of Stephen Churchill, a young man whose sudden decline and tragic death spark questions about his mysterious neurological condition. As the investigation unfolds, more puzzling cases emerge, shedding light on the enigmatic world of neurodegene

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Pathological calcification is the abnormal deposition of calcium salts in soft tissues, with two forms - dystrophic and metastatic calcification. Dystrophic calcification occurs in dying tissues, while metastatic calcification reflects a derangement in calcium metabolism. Dystrophic calcification ca

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This guide provides a detailed overview of neurological exams, focusing on components such as cognition, motor function, and cranial nerves. It covers essential aspects like mental status, reflexes, sensation, and gait assessment. The importance of thorough examination in primary care settings is em

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A 45-year-old male with gait abnormalities was referred for evaluation, with an unknown inheritance and deceased parents. His father had a history of ataxia and tremor. Using the GAIN scoring metric, the genomic content was assessed, including the presence of protein-coding genes, established TS gen

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Pathological gambling, characterized by the inability to resist the urge to gamble despite severe consequences, is a progressively worsening disorder. This text discusses the diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling, its positive diagnosis according to DSM-IV-TR, and epidemiological data on the

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