Intestinal obstruction - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cholestatic liver disease affects Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin levels, indicating bile duct damage. GGT and 5'-Nucleotidase help differentiate hepatobiliary vs. bone origin of ALP elevation. ALP is produced by bile duct epithelium and can be normal in acute biliary obstruction. GGT and N

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Explore the essential information about Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI), including its procedure, indications, supplies and equipment needed, documentation guidelines, and monitoring protocols. Learn about the importance of CBI in post-prostate surgery, urinary tract obstruction prevention, clot

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Learn essential choking first aid techniques and procedures for adults and children, including abdominal thrusts and CPR. Understand how to identify different levels of obstruction and respond effectively to prevent a potentially life-threatening situation. Be prepared to act promptly and appropriat

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Flow measurement in engineering involves the use of V-notch and weirs, such as rectangular weirs and triangular weirs, to calculate discharge rates and velocity of liquids. A V-notch is a triangular obstruction used for flow measurement, while weirs are larger scale structures for measuring river or

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This presentation by Dr. Archana covers various drugs that impact the digestive system, such as antacids, intestinal astringents, antiemetics, and more. It explores the functions of these drugs and their roles in treating stomach-related issues like gastritis and peptic ulcers. The chapter discusses

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Updates to the 2022 track and competition rules include changes to false starts, lane infringements, obstruction rules, and hurdle knock-down definitions. These amendments provide clarity for athletics officials in managing races and ensuring fair competition. The adjustments address issues such as

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Johne's Disease, caused by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, is a chronic bacterial infection affecting the lower intestinal tract of ruminants. It is characterized by chronic diarrhea and emaciation, mainly seen in mature animals. The mode of transmission includes contaminated food/water, intrauterin

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This detailed guide covers the definition, general approach, history taking, physical examination, investigations, diagnosis, and management of acute abdomen cases. Learn about common causes, such as acute appendicitis, bowel obstruction, and medical conditions. Real-life scenarios illustrate differ

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Vagal indigestion in ruminants is a functional disturbance affecting the fore stomachs, leading to symptoms like rumen distention, inappetence, bradycardia, and more. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome with various underlying causes such as injury, inflammation, or mechanical obstruction. T

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Learn about the common causes of foreign body obstruction, preventive measures, signs of airway obstruction, and how to manage airway obstruction in adults, children, and infants. Discover the steps to take for a conscious choking victim and an unconscious victim, including performing the Heimlich m

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Intestinal obstruction can be classified into dynamic and adynamic types, with various causes such as intraluminal faecal impaction, malignancy, and hernia. The pathophysiology involves changes in bowel peristalsis and dilation, leading to potential strangulation and ischemia. Morbidity and mortalit

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Intestinal obstruction can manifest with various clinical features such as sudden severe pain, tenderness, fever, and more. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing obstruction, with X-rays showing characteristic findings in the small bowel and colon. Different types of obstructions like strangula

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Pediatric surgery is a specialized field that differs significantly from general surgery due to unique anatomical and physiological aspects in children. This lecture covers key topics such as neonatal intestinal obstruction, atresia, and treatment approaches, highlighting the importance of tailored

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Research presented at the ENETS 2020 virtual meeting discussed the generation of organoids from lung, intestinal, and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) to study normal neuroendocrine cells and their transformation to NENs. The success rate in generating organoids was higher for lung NENs co

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Suprapubic catheter insertion is a procedure indicated for conditions such as urethral injury, obstruction, bladder neck masses, and benign prostatic hypertrophy. It involves proper patient positioning, analgesia, equipment preparation, and a step-by-step technique including bladder palpation, marki

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Basic Life Support (BLS) is crucial in emergency situations like choking, which can lead to cardiac arrest. Training includes skills lab practice and knowledge of procedures like the Heimlich maneuver for choking victims. In cases of severe obstruction, immediate action is required to clear the airw

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Discussion on parenteral nutrition in patients with intestinal failure secondary to advanced abdominal cancer, including considerations for patient selection, Christie referral pathway, and practicalities of home parenteral nutrition. The background highlights the increasing commonality of home pare

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Hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux are common conditions involving the urinary system. This guide covers differential diagnosis, management of physiologic hydronephrosis, distinguishing it from obstruction, and the importance of treating asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women to prevent co

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This review assesses the quality of care provided to patients aged over 16 years with acute bowel obstruction. Significant delays were identified in the care pathway, from imaging requests to availability of operating theatres. Recommendations include prompt CT scans with intravenous contrast for de

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Ascites, jaundice, and confusion in a 50-year-old man raise concerns about liver disease. Differential diagnosis includes cirrhosis, malignancy, alcoholic liver disease, and biliary obstruction. Physical examination findings such as spider naevi, hepatomegaly, and asterixis help narrow down the poss

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Malignant ureteric obstruction in palliative care patients poses significant challenges, impacting quality of life and requiring long-term drainage. This article discusses factors influencing decision-making, treatment options, and follow-up considerations, highlighting the importance of a multidisc

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This presentation covers the diagnostic approach and management strategies for dysphagia in a 65-year-old patient presenting with symptoms such as odynophagia, cough, hoarseness, and lymphadenopathy. It discusses the use of CBC, CXR, ECG, upper GI endoscopy, CT, and biopsy in assessing the location,

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A 62-year-old male presented with a mass in the right nasal cavity causing obstruction and headache. No history of URTI or allergies. Local examination revealed a pinkish mass with possible differential diagnosis of Antrochoanal Polyp, Ethmoidal polyposis, or Inverted Papilloma. Nasal endoscopy show

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Ascaris lumbricoides, also known as the Giant Intestinal Roundworm, is a common parasitic nematode infecting the human intestines, especially prevalent in underdeveloped regions with poor sanitation. Found in the small intestines, this worm can cause significant health issues. Learn about its morpho

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Explore key baseball scenarios from the 2019 rules clinic, including obstruction between bases, acts that can be appealed, consequences of physical assistance by coaches, and rulings on foul ball contacts. Test your knowledge of baseball rules with these detailed explanations and images.

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The small intestine is a key organ in the digestive system responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients. It is divided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, each with specific functions and structures like plicae circulares, villi, microvilli, and crypts of Lieberkühn. The intestinal

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Chronic pulmonary emphysema is a complex obstructive and destructive lung condition typically caused by smoking. It leads to chronic infection, excessive mucus production, airway obstruction, and lung tissue destruction. The physiological effects of emphysema include hypoxia, hypercapnia, and severe

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Laryngomalacia is a condition characterized by the inward collapse of supraglottic structures during inspiration, leading to intermittent airflow obstruction. It is a common cause of neonatal and childhood stridor, with symptoms typically appearing within a few weeks after birth. The condition can b

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Learn essential skills in disaster medical operations as part of CERT Basic Training Unit 3. Topics covered include treating life-threatening conditions, conducting triage, identifying and treating killers such as airway obstruction, bleeding, and shock. Get insights on approaching survivors, openin

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Intestinal helminths, including nematodes, are classified into unicellular and multicellular parasites. Nematodes are elongated worms found in the human body, causing common infections such as Enterobius vermicularis. The pathology of Enterobius infections often presents with pruritus ani. Learn abo

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In a case of postoperative hypotension following a transurethral prostatectomy under spinal anesthesia, a 78-year-old patient presented with agitation and shivering in the PACU. Vital signs and pain scores were monitored, showing a blood pressure of 89/40, heart rate of 85/min, and respiratory rate

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National Deworming Day on 10 August 2018 aims to deworm all children using albendazole chewable tablets to combat intestinal worms, which can cause anemia and other health issues. In cases where children could not be dewormed on the designated day, a mop-up day on 17 August is scheduled. Deworming h

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Update report on liver and intestinal organ transplantation committee activities, including developing materials to educate liver regional review board members, strategic planning, addressing operational guidelines affecting the review process, and implementing a National Liver Review Board followin

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Pediatric intestinal obstruction in newborns and older children can result from various conditions such as foregut obstruction, midgut obstruction, and hindgut obstruction. Common causes include esophageal atresia, pyloric stenosis, and Hirschsprung disease. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, i

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Necrosis, perforation, and arterial compromise in acute appendicitis lead to lumen obstruction, increased luminal pressure, bacterial growth, and venous obstruction. Symptoms typically include periumbilical or epigastric pain due to visceral pain caused by lumen obstruction.

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Infestation by intestinal helminths poses a significant public health issue, impacting school-age children with chronic anaemia, growth stunting, malnutrition, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of intestinal helminths in a Comprehensive High School in I

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Intestinal nematodes, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Strongyloides stercoralis, are common parasitic infections affecting the small intestine. Ascaris is a roundworm with a global distribution, transmitted via fecal-oral route or flies, while Strongyloides is a threadworm primarily found in trop

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Cr(VI)-induced mutagenesis is a key event in the mode of action for small intestinal tumors in mice, with the question of whether it is an essential step in tumor development. The interaction of cellular components with Cr leads to cell proliferation, hyperplasia, and ultimately mutagenesis. Differe

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Bulk forming laxatives are effective in relieving constipation by increasing fecal mass and stimulating peristalsis. They work by forming a gel-like substance in the intestines, keeping stool soft and hydrated. Adequate fluid intake is important while using these laxatives to avoid intestinal obstru

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Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic infections or obstructions. It presents with cough, expectoration of sputum, and may result from conditions like bronchial obstruction, necrotizing pneumonia, or chronic infections. The pathog

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