Managing Gender-Based Violence Programmes in Emergencies: Monitoring & Evaluation Essentials
Learn the significance of quality monitoring and evaluation in program design, identify key M&E results, understand risks in GBV program monitoring, and access additional resources. Explore the purposes, timing, and activities of M&E in GBV programs to achieve real changes in the lives of women and girls through results-based programming.
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Monitoring & Evaluation Managing Gender-Based Violence Programmes in Emergencies 1
Learning Objectives 1. Understand the importance of quality M&E to programme design and management 2. Identify key results in an M&E logical framework 3. Identify some of the common risks and challenges in GBV programme monitoring, collection and use of data 4. Access additional resources and trainings in programme M&E
Purposes of M&E 1: Integral part of project management to achieve results Correct mistakes Good planning & design is NOT enough Necessary for effective implementation Facilitates results-based reporting Facilitates evidence-based decision-making and planning 2: Enhances accountability to stakeholders 3: Contributes to learning & KM Planning System & Capacity Monitoring Learning & KM Reporting Evaluation 4
When do we monitor & evaluate programmes?
M&E activities M&E across the Programme Cycle Monitoring and Evaluation Project planning Project initiation and design End of project transition Project identification Project implementation PMDPro 1 Guide
What do our GBV Programmes want to Achieve? Real and meaningful changes in lives of women and girls These changes should be: measurable relevant to needs part of a process of continuing improvement 7
Results-Based Programming Not just activities But results! Train staff 30 service providers have improved knowledge and attitudes Provide GBV case management services 90% of surveyed survivors report improved psychosocial wellbeing at case closure
Results-Based Programming: Uses evidence to answer key questions Theory of change Testing your theory of change What is best way to achieve results / change? What else is needed? What needs to change? Did the theory work? What other things need to happen aside from your project to achieve results (change)? What is nature and magnitude of underlying problem? What program strategies have been effective in achieving results (change) in the past or in other settings? Has my program achieved the intended results? Why/why not? What factors contribute to the problem? What exactly needs to change? 10
Definitions: Key Types of Results Term Definition Goal Broad statement of desired changes. Usually looks toward longer-term. Objective More specific goal that your programme can achieve. Outcome Intermediate result of reaching your objective (e.g. changes in health, knowledge, policies). Output Immediate, direct result of project activities. 11
Chain of Results GOAL OBJECTIVES Results of project OUTCOMES OUTPUTS ACTIVITIES 12
S.M.A.R.T. S.M.A.R.T. Objectives Specific: what will change among whom Measurable: result can be measured Achievable: idealistic but realistic Results-oriented: Describes what you want to achieve not what activities you want to complete. Time-bound: achievable by project end Relevant: contributes to chain of results 13
Why Logic Models? To show If-Then logic, cause and effect Objective then then Outcome if If then Outputs if If then Activities if Inputs If if 14
Results Chain/ Logical Framework Goal Objective 1 Objective 2 Outcome 1.1 Outcome 1.2 Outcome 2.1 Outcome 2.2 Output 1.1.1 Output 1.1.2 Output 1.2.1 Output 1.2.2 Output 2.1.1 Output 2.1.2 Output 2.2.1 Output 2.2.2 Activities Activities Activities Activities Acitvities Activities Activities Activities
Group Exercise! Goal: Women and girls are safe in their communities and can freely access a range of services. Objective 1: Provide GBV case management and PSS support services for survivors of GBV and at-risk women and girls. Objective 2: Support women s and girls empowerment through WGSS. Objective 2: Strengthen capacity for health response to GBV. Objective 3: Mitigate risks of GBV within the community.
Results Chain Are you missing any logical steps? Project Goal: Fall of the British Empire Activity: Teach people to spin their own cloth 17
Sample Results Chain Objective: Survivors of rape receive appropriate, safe, and confidential healthcare services. Outcome: Health service capacity to respond appropriately to sexual violence improved. Output: Referral mechanism has been strengthened. Output: Confidentiality & privacy increased (private rooms created). Output: Providers who participate in training have improved knowledge and skills. Activity: Rewrite policies, protocols and referral mechanism. Activity: Build walls to replace curtains. Activity: Organize CMR trainings for select healthcare providers. 18
What is an indicator? What is an indicator? A qualitative or quantitative factor or variable that provides a simple and reliable means to measure achievement, to reflect the changes connected to an intervention, or to help assess the performance of a development actor. (OECD/DAC Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results-Based Management) 20
Common ways of measuring (metrics) Counts Number (#) of survivors who called a hotline in the past month # of women participating in skills-building classes Calculations: percentages, rates, ratios Percentage (%) of health units with at least one service provider trained to care for and refer survivors % of people surveyed who can identify GBV service points Thresholds: presence/absence Referral pathway developed New law criminalizing marital rape adopted within five years (or not) 21
Quick Exercise! Output indicator: SMART measure of direct output Outcome indicator: Higher-level change, SMART, linked to outcome
Characteristics Characteristics of a good of a good indicator indicator Includes a unit of measurement: Does it specify a unit of measure? (e.g. Quantitative: #, %, rate, score, etc.; Qualitative: perspectives, types etc.) Non-directional: Does it avoid direction of change ( increase )? Relevant: Does it measure the most important results you want to achieve among intended beneficiary group (institution, police, etc.)? Specific: Are all terms are clear and can they be clearly defined? Measurable: Do you have resources/methods to measure it? Valid: Does it really measure what you think it does? Reliable: Can it measure the same thing consistently over time? Sensible timeframes and frequency: Can it be measured at time intervals that allow you to measure change (e.g. before/after project)?
GBV Minimum Standards GBV Guidelines Protection Cluster IRC GBV Responders website USAID Toolkit for Monitoring & Evaluating GBV Interventions GWU Global Women s Institute resources UNFPA ASRH Toolkit for Humanitarian Settings Sources of GBV Indicators Recommended that GBV implementing agencies develop banks of adaptable indicators for programmes
Back to the purpose What changes are most important and how do we measure these?
Your programme may aim to influence: Quality of care for survivors of GBV Opportunities available for women and girls Community norms and practices Laws and policies Your programme would also like to decrease the rate of GBV but this is NOT what you will measure. 26 UNIFEM/UNTF A Life Free From Violence is Our Right
Prevalence Of GBV: Misunderstood and not a useful indicator of programme success The programme cannot change many conditions that contribute to rates of GBV. Reporting may increase with awareness and quality services in place. Prevalence is not measured by service/police data but by population-based studies. Under-reporting is a universal phenomenon with GBV, even in population-based studies. Remember that collecting prevalence data is rarely recommended and not required to take action! INCREASED REPORTS OF GBV DO NOT INDICATE THAT A GBV PROGRAMME HAS FAILED 27
Prevalence data vs. Incidence data All GBV incidents Prevalence data Reported cases GBV service Health Police Incidence data
Examples: Changes we would like to see (and can start to measure) Survivors of violence GBV-focused case management and emotional support services are available GBV referral pathways have been established, linking critical service providers Resources are available to enable women and girls to access systems of justice Health care facilities are equipped to provide clinical care for survivors of rape, including the availability of trained, female providers who are linked to referral pathways General population Community members recognize gender imbalances Community leaders do not condone domestic violence Sexual harassment is not tolerated in public spaces Girls are empowered to go to school 29
Methods & Tools Measuring big and little changes .
What changes can we measure Attitudes (personal opinion/belief) Knowledge and awareness Behaviors, practices (usually self-reported) Norms (perceptions of beliefs/practices) Satisfaction Risks Service availability Referral networks Participation Help-seeking behavior
Challenges & Limitations GBV is a sensitive topic here Access & security Ethical and safety concerns Changes may be slow (and programme timeline may be short) Limited samples Baseline not established Social acceptability bias Bias if programme staff are involved with data collection 32
Service data (GBVIMS; client records) Participant tracking (WGSS database; tracking instruments) Surveys Examples of Data Sources/ Methods Interviews Pre and post tests among participants / trainees Client satisfaction surveys Institutional checklists Group discussions Policy analysis Participant observations (mapping, diagrams, etc.) 33
Tips for Data Collection KISS: Keep it simple! Monitoring should not eclipse implementation. Rely on existing systems and tools Adapt tools to project needs / settings Review safety and ethics Limit collection of personally identifiable information (PII) Train teams and pre-test tools 34
To whom are we most accountable? Programme managers are responsible for ensuring all measures are taken to keep information secure Programme managers can influence other service providers to better secure information (health facilities, police) Programme managers must comply with requirements to safeguard survivor data and appropriately respond to requests for information Remember that all service statistics not only case management records can be sensitive. This includes participation in discussions, arts groups, etc. Safe Storage & Information Sharing
1. Identifiable, individual-level data Only shared with consent of survivor, and In the context of a service referral 2. Non-identifiable, aggregate-level data Sharing and applying even anonymized survivor data requires consent of survivors If multiple service providers are using the same information management system (GBVIMS), data can be compiled Information Sharing Protocols should be established between agencies sharing aggregate data Data Sharing: Survivor Data
Application of Findings M&E should contribute to better/increased interventions
Information from Quality M&E can be used to Adjust activities/services as needed Adjust programme objectives/approaches as needed (consult with donor) Share findings with other programmes (trainings, dissemination) Share reports to increase resource mobilization Contribute to the evidence base; articles for publication 38
Lets review our objectives 1. Understand the importance of quality M&E to programme design and management 2. Identify key results in an M&E logical framework 3. Identify some of the common risks and challenges in GBV programme monitoring, collection and use of data 4. Access additional resources and trainings in programme M&E
and our Purpose.
