Counterterrorism Measures and Successes in Italy
Explore the comprehensive counterterrorism efforts in Italy, including legal and institutional reforms, mass imprisonment of key members, and the cessation of Red Brigades' terrorist operations after significant events. Learn about the strategies implemented to combat terrorism and ensure national security.
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The Red Brigades: Counterterrorism in Italy Ashley Jung
Legal Reforms Implementing a series of antiterrorist laws: Relaxation of wiretapping rules Lower prison sentences or outright freedom for terrorists who inform Waiver of the warrant requirement for likely dwellings where terrorists could be hiding Amending the National Criminal Code: Increasing penalties for terrorist crimes Penitence Law Sentence Reduction Cossiga Law
Institutional Reforms Carabinieri Italy s paramilitary police who carry out domestic and foreign policing duties. Formation of the Division for General Investigations and Special Operations SISMI and SISDE - collecting intelligence on international terrorism in Italy General Dalla Chiesa head of all counterterrorist forces in Spring of 1978, Abandoning the improvised and violent blitz used to nab terrorist suspects in favor of extended surveillance Requiring his agents to become familiar with revolutionary literature of leftist terrorist groups Persuading regular criminal inmates to be recruited by Red Brigades prisoners and, upon release from prison, to act as informers Working outside the law when necessary with regard to obtaining evidence and backing his people fully in such activities Supercarceri maximum security prisons
Mass Imprisonment of Key Members and Suspected Terrorists Carabinieri successfully imprisoned around 1,600 suspected terrorists, including leaders of the Red Brigades. Arrests of the chiefs of the Turin and Genoa columns of the Red Brigades and recapture of the Red Brigades founder Renato Curcio
Cessation of Red Brigades Terrorist Operations Turning Point: Kidnapping of General Dozier an American general invited to work in Italy. Successes Failures Appointment of General Dalla Chiesa Only American flag officer to have been captured by a violent non- state actor. When implementing SISDE, Italy was slow to implement reorganization and suffered from unqualified leadership and understaffing by 50%. Following the successful rescue by NOCS, an Italian special force, the Red Brigades were severely disabled in 1988.
