In-Vehicle Infotainment System Evolution at DENSO: A Linux Experience

Explore Kazuo Tsubouchi's journey at DENSO, from software engineer to General Manager of ICT Division, focusing on Linux-based IVI systems. Witness DENSO's transition to Linux in car navigation, joining Linux Foundation and GENIVI, contributing to AGL, and shaping the future of in-vehicle technology. Discover the key milestones and strategies driving DENSO's commitment to open collaboration and innovation.

• DENSO
• Linux
• IVI system
• Open Source
• Automotive technology

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1. Linux experience in DENSO 1. Self Introduction 2. History and Future: IVI system with Linux 3. OSS Activity in DENSO 4. DENSO s contribution to AGL 5. Vision of future products 6. Key message This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

2. Who am I ? (Self-Introduction) 1 / 19 Kazuo Tsubouchi DENSO CORP. General Manager Kazuo Tsubouchi started to work for DENSO Corp. in 2001. as a software engineer of DENSO Navigation system. Since then, he has been working for device driver, middleware and operating system related software. He has developed such kind of software running on WindowCE, RTOS, Linux. And since 2010 he focused on the embedded Linux system for DENSO IVI system. Kazuo Tsubouchi is currently General Manager of ICT(Information and Communication Technology) Div 2 at DENSO Corp. He has the responsibility for the Platform development of DENSO (current and future) IVI system. This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

3. 2 / 19 History and Future: IVI System with Linux in DENSO This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

4. IVI and Car Navigation with Linux 3 / 19 Back Ground (Before Linux) ~2008: DENSO developed Car Navigation by T-Kernel(RTOS). Source code has been increasing to over 5Million lines. The Year, 2008, was a turning point in CE and Embedded system. Nexus One.png IPhone 3G.png Smartphone launched iPhone 3G and Android CE/Embedded system have already used Linux for many products. DENSO started developing Linux base Car Navigation system from 2008 This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

5. IVI and Car Navigation with Linux 4 / 19 Gen1: Launching 2008-2012(L/O Gen2 Bringing up 2012-2016(L/O Gen3 Future 2016-2019 L/O?) Join Linux Foundation and GENIVI. AGL Platinum member Bluetooth Telematics Radio ,,,, Car Navigation Media Player Browser Voice Recognition ,,,, Car Navigation Media Player Browser Voice Recognition ,,,, Car Navigation Media Player Bluetooth Telematics Browser Radio Voice Recognition ,,,, Integrate Linux Apps Reuse proprietary Open Collaboration & Synergy Proprietary software from tkernel to Linux AS IS. 50% 100% 50% AGL distro GENIVI/OSS Original Linux https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Tux.svg/220px-Tux.svg.png MOVE FAST in Next(3rd) Generation This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

6. Gen1: Launching(Dark Ages) 5 / 19 Strategy: Reuse Proprietary Software as much as possible. RTOS software migration. RTOS Gen1: Original Linux Issues T-Kernel Original Linux Still needs to effort maintain by DESNO alone. Posix interfaces only. Proprietary interfaces The latest security patches. Much effort to fix bug. Limited number of Engineers to maintain. The latest application/features Maintain proprietary middleware Need efforts to integrate Apps with own integ tools. Maintain own integ tools. Distribution T-Kernel interface only. Proprietary interfaces Own integration tools Interface Inherit Own integration tools Integration Get knowledge and Experience of Linux Not get benefit because of much effort; own implementation How to reuse Linux Ecosystem more?? This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

7. Gen2: Bring Linux more(getting better) 6 / 19 Strategy: Reuse GENIVI/OSS as much as possible Gen2: GENIVI/OSS Achievement GENIVI Compliance Linux Speed up to fix bugs Easy to find engineers worldwide. Distribution GENIVI Interface OSS contribution as well Wayland, GENIVI, AGL, Tizen Yocto Jenkins Collaborate partners in GENIVI. Bringing up OSS to automotive quality. Interface Easy integration of OSS. Easy maintenance of integ tooling. Automated testing Integration https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/download/attachments/34930825/JA?version=2modificationDate=1306102207000 This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

8. Gen2: Architecture and Interfaces 7 / 19 Target to use Standard Interface with OSS, GENIVI. Keep compatibility inter Products. 50% applications reusable!! HMI Media Player Recognition Back Guide Telematics Navigation Monitor Speech Still depend on proprietary interface. This shall be common thought AGL! Car HMI Framework Audio Mgr. CAN plugin Wayland- IVI- Extension Automotive feature Persist ency Device Mgr. Conn. Mgr. Life cycle DLT Gstrea Mer dhclient Filesystem contribute IVI requirement. pppd Socket Gstreamer-logo.svg Wayland/ Westond Syste md RPM IPC udev EET Use OSS as it is. ALSA TCPIP IVI-shell Linux Kernel DENSO is using Key standard interfaces, Graphic, Audio, and Log for applications to allows to reuse the application. This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

9. 8 / 19 OSS Activity in DENSO This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

10. DENSO OSS achievement 9 / 19 More than 100 engineers active working with Product development. Bringing up OSS to Product ready! Tech session in GENIVI/AGL! Feedback product quality to OSS!!! System Architecture Team Expert Expert Expert Group Group Group Alignment and harmonization In technical point of view Feedback System Infrastructure: - Lifecycle management, Persistence subsystem - Diagnostic Log and Trace (DLT) Product development Media and Graphics: - Audio Manager - IVI Layer Manager (Weston, ivi-shell extension) Contribution CE Connectivity: - Media-Playback, Smart Device Connectivity Networking: - Inter Node Communication (e.g. App processor and Vehicle processor) - Ethernet-based networking (e.g. AVB, DoIP) Tizen logo and wordmark.png DENSO s contributions are well-recognized in GENIVI ! Most Valuable Contributor for the 3rd consecutive years: 2012: J rnjakob Harder, 2013: Marko Hoyer, 2014: Nobuhiko Tanibata This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

11. What DENSO can contribute to AGL 10 / 19 DENSO experience, Bringing up OSS to Product ready by Product dev. team OSS contribution; in Product dev.team DENSO would like to / can contribute to AGL Production ready components Usecase and Quality for AGL to be product ready Why DENSO will do that ? Next page will show why DENSO contributes them... This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

12. 11 / 19 Vision of Future products This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

13. DENSO Approach to Cockpit System 12 / 19 Safety system and connectivity function inside/outside of the vehicle increasing. [Cockpit innovation] -Seamless/Integrated Design -Large Size Displays -Easy to Understand Way Cloud Collaboration cockpit components is the key Vehicle with Safety systems Driver [HMI Control] -Coordinate operation device and displays -Provide appropriate information, display location and timing for each driver [Driver Monitoring] -Understanding driver status -Monitor Driver Risks Drowsiness, Distraction -Improve Driving Ability Provide cockpit system adapting for each driver This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

14. What is HMI Management 13 / 19 This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

15. For Future system (cockpit system) 14 / 19 To Realize this concept, Those system should integrate and collaborate with the several functions inter ECU(s) DENSO has proposed Inter Display protocol Standardization with Wayland/Weston to adapt different physical layer; EthernetAVB, RTP(Remote Transfer Protocol), VirtIO, or else. Instrument cluster ECU Multimedia ECU Telematics information Traffic Jam information Standard Protocol at Wayland/Weston This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

16. For Future system (cockpit system) 15 / 19 The cockpit system consists of Multiple ECUs. Instrument cluster ECU Multimedia ECU This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

17. For Future system (cockpit system) 16 / 19 There is use case and requirement to display surface to several display inter ECUs. Instrument cluster ECU Multimedia ECU Telematics information Traffic Jam information This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

18. For Future system (cockpit system) 17 / 19 There is use case and requirement to display surface to several display inter ECUs. Instrument cluster ECU Multimedia ECU Display map Display intersection enlarge view This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

19. Key message 18 / 19 Inter Display protocol is really mandatory for near feature to collaborate with ECUs.(for Cockpit System) Wayland/Weston community is the best place to be upstreamed. Define Inter Display protocol Reference implementation to share physical memory needs to be adapted for each users preferable. At first, Linux <-> Linux environment. To be proposed to SATas AGL activity. DENSO will lead this activity. Use case and Requirement are needed! https://wiki.automotivelinux.org/eg-ui-graphics-req-graphics Please join the AGL and discuss ! This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

20. 19 / 19 Thank you for your attention! This information is the exclusive property of DENSO CORPORATION. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.