Exploring the World of Invertebrate Zoology: Phylum Nematoda and Its Classes

In this detailed study of invertebrate zoology, we delve into the Phylum Nematoda, commonly known as roundworms. Highlighting their anatomy and classification, we examine the Ascarididae class, featuring Ascaris, and the Strongylidae class, represented by Ancylostoma. These simple yet diverse organisms exhibit both parasitic and free-living lifestyles, showcasing a unique and uniform anatomical structure despite their varied habitats. Join us on an educational journey into the fascinating world of these often-overlooked creatures.

• Invertebrate Zoology
• Nematoda
• Roundworms
• Ascarididae
• Strongylidae

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1. ZOO 261 INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

2. By

3. DR. O.A. OKE

4. Department of Biological Sciences,

5. University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

6. Phylum NEMATODA (roundworms)

7. muscle underlying the epidermis. They are divided into four quadrants. The excretory system consists of two intracellular tubes with a single excretory pore. The alimentary canal is simple straight and opens by a mouth and an anus. Sexes are usually separate and gonads are tubular. No vascular or respiratory system. The cilia are absent even in the developmental stage.

8. Classification

9. Class Ascarididae e.g. Ascaris.

10. around the mouth. Males have curve posterior ends while female ends are straight. They have two spicules, they have no corpulatory bursai.

11. Class Stronglylidae e.g. Ancylostoma

12. These are nematodes with simple mouth without papillae. The males have two corpulatory spicules and three bursai for ejaculation.

13. members live either freely in the sea, soil or decaying organic matter, or parasitically on other animals as well as plants i.e. they are parasitory both plants and animals. In spite of their very wide dispersal, their anatomy is remarkably simple and uniform.

14. Phylum ANNELIDA

15. Characteristics

16. Metamerically segmented worms.

17. Body wall with well developed outer circular and inner longitudinal layers of muscle with glandular epidermis.

18. Transparent thin, moist cuticle

19. Possession of chitinous chatae which are borne on parapedia in some.

20. Possession of COMPLETE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

21. Respiration by skin or gills

22. Excretory system consists of segmentally arranged nephridia.

23. Well developed nervous system

24. May be hermaphrodite or of separate sexes

25. Presence of a trocophore larva in some, others have direct development.

26. Closed blood vascular system with haemoglobin.

27. Class Polychaeta e.g Nereis

28. Class Oligochaeta e.g. Eathworm

29. Class Hirudinea e.g. Parasites, leeches

31. Class Polychaeta

32. Characteristics

33. Possession of parapodia on which are borne numerous chatae

34. Possession of distinct head with eyes, palps and tentacles, cephalisation

35. No clitellum

36. Separate sexes

37. They are mostly marine.

38. They have trocophore larva.

44. Class Oligochaeta

45. No parapodia

46. Few setae

47. Possess clitellum

48. They are hermaphrodite

49. They have direct development

50. Their head is not clearly distinct.

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