Understanding the Efficiency and Applications of LED Technology

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A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. This technology operates based on charge carrier recombination at a p-n junction diode. LED efficiency is calculated as the ratio of light output to electrical input power. Common applications of LEDs include burglar alarm systems, TVs, and computers. Explore the construction and working principles of LEDs to grasp their significance in modern lighting solutions.


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  1. LED [Light Emitting Diode] A light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. It is a p-n junction diode which emits visible light when the junction is in forward bias. When electron from N-side recombines with holes on P-side, then charge carrier recombination takes place.

  2. Construction of LED

  3. Working:

  4. LED Efficiency: It is defined as light output devided by the electrical input power. It is denoted by eta. Applications: 1) Burglar alarm system 2) T.V. , F.M. , Computers, etc.

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