Development and Review of CNS Regulations for Civil Aviation Oversight
Regulations play a crucial role in ensuring safety and efficiency in civil aviation. This involves the timely development, review, and enforcement of regulations to keep pace with industry amendments. Different types of regulations, from restrictive to permissive, impact how oversight is conducted. Compliance with Annexes to the Chicago Convention is essential for regulatory conformity, regardless of the complexity of civil aviation operations.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
CHAPTER 6 CNS Regulations and Other Oversight Documentation
Development and Review of Regulations Regulations provide regulated entities with requirements to be complied with in order to assure safety and efficiency of civil aviation. To inspectors, regulations provide the framework under which the safety oversight system works. This therefore underscores the importance of complete, relevant and up to date regulations. For this reason, CNS inspectors need to ensure that regulations are as current as possible at all times
Development and Review of Regulations States should develop and implement a process to ensure the timely development and amendment of the specific operating regulations, necessary in order to keep pace with amendments to Annexes to the Convention. Additionally, sufficient guidance material provides guidance to technical personnel and allows management to ensure that safety oversight functions and activities are carried out in an effective and standardized manner.
Development and Review of Regulations The CAA s specific operating regulations should conform with the Annexes to the Chicago Convention; The adoption of requirements shall be as contained in the Annexes regardless of the size and complexity of their civil aviation activity; Only non applicable provisions should be avoided;
Enforceability of Regulations Types of Regulations; (i) Restrictive Regulations- Categorically state that something must be done or adhered to . These regulations can and must be enforced. Restrictive regulations must contain the following types of language: Shall and must , because they are mandatory. No person may or A person may not , because they are prohibitory. (ii) Permissive Regulations- Regulations that do not state what must be done or adhered to. The inspector can encourage use of these regulations to service providers, but cannot enforce them. When used alone, may is not enforceable because it is permissive, used to state authority or permission.
Enforceability of Regulations Types of Regulations; (iii) Conditionally prohibitive language, such as no person may, except or unless is enforceable only in instances that are not covered by the exceptions. (iv) Conditionally mandatory language, such as each person shall, except: or unless is enforceable only in instances that are not covered by the exceptions.
Enforceability of Regulations Types of Regulations; (v) Regulatory language that simply confers authority or responsibility, such as the holder of a certificate is used to determine assignment of responsibility. (vi) Definitive or explanatory language, such as this part prescribes or each of the following requires , is used to determine regulatory applicability.
Technical Guidance Material Technical guidance material is meant to enable CNS Inspectors perform their safety oversight function in accordance with established requirements and in standardized manner. This includes the provision of technical guidance to the ANSP on implementation of applicable regulations and instructions. States need to develop and publish their own technical guidance material to assist in the implementing national regulations, procedures and practices. CNS inspectors have a duty to ensure that all guidance is provided and that applicable TGMs are reviewed at regular intervals.
Technical Guidance Material Developed and availed to inspectors to enable them to perform their safety oversight functions effectively and in a standardized manner; Developed immediately after the review and promulgation of regulations; Necessary to subject the draft to stakeholders input before approval.
Technical Guidance Material The following documents form part of TGMs. ANS Inspectors handbook Advisory circulars Orders Technical standards Applicable forms and checklists
Importance of reviewing Audit Documents a) minimize risks associated with use of outdated material; b) increase operational excellence; c) ensure that inspectors have the information to do their respective assignments well; d) ensure inspectors are using accurate instructions and procedures; e) boost the Authority s preparedness for USOAP audits by ICAO; and f) comply with international requirements and best practices.
Review of ANS Regulations and TGMs It is the responsibility of a State to develop and implement a process amendment of the regulations; to ensure specific the operating timely need to revise or amend Regulations may be occasioned additionally by any of the following;
Review of ANS Regulations a) Upon receipt and assessment of amendments to relevant ICAO Annexes and PANS Upon amendment to Civil Aviation Act/Code Upon receipt of request/information from stakeholders regarding the application and/or implementation of the regulation; Whenever there is a significant change in the size and complexity of the aviation system; Whenever there is change in technology; When the regulations are no longer relevant, applicable or effective; As may be desired by the Authority to enhance efficiency of the safety oversight b) c) d) e) f) g)
Review of TGMs The TGMs may be amended or revised when need arises owing to the following reasons: a) Upon amendment to Civil Aviation Regulations that require amendment of TGMs; b) Whenever there is an operational or environmental requirement; c) Concern raised by the industry in interpretation and/or accuracy of TGMs; d) Whenever there is a change in technological such as introduction of new equipment e) When it is no longer relevant, applicable or effective.
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents SARPs: ANNEX10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume I Radio Navigation Aids Technical document defining the system-necessary to provide radio navigation aids used by aircraft in all phases of flight; List of essential parameter specifications for radio navigation aids: (GNSS,ILS,MLS,VOR),NDB & DME; Information including aspects of power requirements, frequency, modulation, signal characteristics and monitoring; Objective to ensure that suitably equipped aircraft will be able to receive navigation signals in all parts of the world with the required degree of reliability
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume I 8071- Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids Vol I Testing of Ground based Radio Navigation Systems 8071- Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids Vol II Testing of Satellite based Radio Navigation Systems 8071- Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids Vol III Testing of Surveillance Radar Systems Doc 9683 -Human Factors Training Manual Circular 249 -(Human Factors Digest No 11- Human Factors in CNS/ATM Systems) Doc 9613- PBN Manual, Volume II Doc 9861- Manual on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT)
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents SARPs: ANNEX10- Aeronautical Telecommunications Volumes II- Voice and Data communications General administrative and operational procedures pertaining to aeronautical fixed and mobile communications Aeronautical Fixed Service -AFS (Ground-ground communication Voice (ATS/DS) and messages (AFTN) Aeronautical Mobile Service AMS (Air-ground communication Voice) Technical specifications for radio stations and avionics Technical specification for communication medias for AFS (Networks)and AMS ( HF, VHF)
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume II Doc 7910- Location Indicators Doc 9880 -Manual on Detailed Technical Specifications for the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) using ISO/OSI Standards and Protocols, Part II Doc 9925- Manual on the Aeronautical Mobile Satellite (Route) Service Doc 9683 -Human Factors Training Manual Doc 9869 -Performance based Communication and Surveillance (PBCS) Manual Doc 10037- Global Operational Data Link (GOLD) Doc 9694-Manual of Air Traffic Services Data Link Applications
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents SARPs: ANNEX10- Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume III- Voice and Data communications SARPs and Guidance Material for AFS and AMS voice and data communication systems Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service (AMSS) Air ground data links via HF, VHF, SSR Mode S and CPDLC Selective calling system (SELCAL), aeronautical speech circuits and emergency locator transmitter (ELT)
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume III Doc 9705- Manual of Technical Provisions for the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) Doc 9880 -Manual on Detailed Technical Specifications for the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) using ISO/OSI Standards and Protocols Doc 9694 -Manual of Air Traffic Services Data Link Applications Doc 9871- Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Doc 9776- Manual on VHF VDL Mode 2 Technical Specifications
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume III Doc 9816 -Manual on VHF VDL Mode 4 Technical Specifications Doc 10044- Manual on Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (AeroMACS) Doc 9741- Manual on HF Data Link Doc 9804- Manual on Air Traffic Services (ATS) Ground- Ground Voice Switching and Signalling Doc 9578- Manual of the Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) Doc 10019- Manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS)
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents SARPs: ANNEX10- Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume IV- Surveillance and Collision Avoidance Systems SARPs and Guidance Material for secondary surveillance radar (SSR) SSR Mode A, Mode C and Mode S Specification of Mode S service and extended squitter for ADS-B OUT and IN Specification of airborne collision avoidance systems (ACAS)
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume IV Doc 4444- Procedures for Air Navigation Services -Air Traffic Management(PANS-ATM) Doc 8071- Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids, Volume III- Testing of Surveillance Radar Systems Doc 8168- Procedures for Air Navigation Services -Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS) Doc 8585- Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies, Aeronautical Authorities and Services Doc 9476- Manual of Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems(SMGCS) Doc 9816 -Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume IV Doc 9830- Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems (A-SMGCS) Manual Doc 9861- Manual on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Doc 9863- Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) Manual Doc 9871- Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Doc 9830 -Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems (A-SMGCS) Manual
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents SARPs: ANNEX10- Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume V- Aeronautical Radio Frequency Spectrum Utilization SARPs and guidance material on the utilization of aeronautical frequencies Compliance with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) framework and policy for the balanced utilization of radio frequency spectrum in an interference free environment Information on assignment planning of individual aeronautical radio stations operating or planned to operate in different frequency bands Provisions concerning the deployment of radio frequencies and the avoidance of harmful interference
Important ICAO CNS Related Documents Guidance Material Document Annex 10 Volume V Doc 9718- Handbook on Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements for Civil Aviation including statement of approved ICAO policies Volume I- ICAO spectrum strategy, policy statements and related information Doc 9718 Handbook on Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements for Civil Aviation including statement of approved ICAO policies Volume II- Frequency assignment planning criteria for aeronautical radio communication and navigation systems
CNS Related Regulations Kenyan Case: 1. Certification of Air Navigation Service Providers Regulations 2. Radio Navigation Regulations 3. Communication Procedures Regulations 4. Communication Systems Regulations 5. Surveillance and Collision Avoidance Systems Regulations 6. Radio Frequency Spectrum Utilization Regulations - General Provisions for Provision of CNS Services Handout 6.1
CNS Related TGMs Kenyan Case: 1. Orders (a)General (CAA) Amendment of the civil aviation regulations and the technical guidance material Enforcement procedure Procedure for notification and publication of differences (b) General ANS Certification Of Air Navigation Services Provider (ANSP) Air navigation services inspectors staffing/determination of number of inspectors required Evaluation and approval of the Manual of ANS operations
CNS Related TGMs Kenyan Case: 1. Orders (c) CNS Evaluation of procedures for recording of voice and surveillance data Evaluation and approval of flight inspection of radio navigational aids OJT procedures for CNS Inspector Availability and reliability standards for CNS facilities Evaluation of contingency plan procedure Handout 6.2
CNS Related TGMs Kenyan Case: 2. Advisory Circulars (a) ANS Elimination of deficiencies in the provision of air navigation services ANS contingency planning Certification of air navigation services providers Development and preparation of technical manuals/manual of ANS operations Requirements for ANS Security Programme
CNS Related TGMs Kenyan Case: 2. Advisory Circulars (b) CNS CNS staff training programme Job description for CNS staff Certification of air traffic safety electronics personnel (ATSEP) CNS personnel adequacy Communication, navigation and surveillance facilities approval and surveillance Recording of voice/surveillance data Guidance on flight inspection of radio navigational aids Availability and reliability standards for CNS facilities Handout 6.3
TGMs Development- Format Kenyan Case: The structure of the TGM may consists of the following elements; Logo of the CAA Type of TGM (Order/Advisory circular etc) Reference number Date Title Purpose/Background References Guidance/Procedures Signature/Approval
