Evolution of Civil Aviation in Turkey: A Historical Overview

 
TALPA & 
Turkish
 
Civil
 Aviation
 
Turkish Airlines’ Pilot Association – Cpt. Mahmut Melih Başdemir
 
TALPA & 
Civil Aviation in Turkey
 
1933 ‘State Airlines Administration’ was founded with 5 planes, 7 pilots and 28
seat capacity
1945 52 planes & 845 seat capacity; Turkey became a member of ICAO
1947 First international Voyage; Ankara-Istanbul-Athens
1953 Yeşilköy International Airport was built
1956 By law State Airlines Administration changed into Turkish Airlines Inc. (THY) ;
Turkey became a member of ECAC
1958-1996 Pilots of Turkish Airlines Society
Within Turkish Airlines Inc.
Was founded to meet the social and cultural needs of THY’s pilots and to
support their professional development
1962  The first and the only work union of the civil aviation in Turkey was founded;
Hava-İş. The union has an organic link to THY actually. Then the only airline in
Turkey was THY therefore the members of the union were only THY workers. This
is still the case today.; in 1964 there were 34 planes, 1120 seat capacity
 
TALPA & 
Civil Aviation in Turkey
 
1967 The first international jet Flight Ankara – Istanbul – Brussels
1982 27 planes, 3909 seat capacity and total of 5735 THY personnel
1983 Civil Aviation Law became effective which privatized Turkish Civil Aviation
1989 The second Airline was founded, SunExpress a co-foundation of THY and
Lufthansa
1990 The third Airline was founded, Pegasus with 2 air planes
1996-2008 Airlines Pilot Association
To be able to represent all the pilots in the sector Pilots of Turkish Airlines
Society terminated itself and Airlines Pilot Association was founded. There
were 904 members in total of which 517 was from THY in 1996.
2003 Re-privatization allowing airline firms to be able to enter more internal
routes thus the market share of THY dropped from 97.79% to 71 % in 2004
2008-Present Turkish Airlines’ Pilots Association
The total members were 1216 of which 889 was from THY in 2008
The total members are 3530 of which 3156 is from THY in 2017
 
The CPL & ATPL 
licenses and TALPA
Membership
 
Airline Statistics
 
TALPA – 
Turkish Airlines’ Pilots Association
 
Works closely with government officers and related bodies in order to prepare the
necessary rules and regulations needed by the pilot profession
Pilot Union Law
Through intense lobbying in the last version of the MED regulation have
managed to shorten the period necessary  for the pilots with health problems
to get results from Turkish NA
A
Have attended meetings with Turkish NAA about the new FTL regulation
Gives consultancy to unemployed pilots or to pilots who have problems with
their firms
Organizes workshops in order to provide a medium to be able to share problems
and come out with solutions regarding pilots
Follows-up the international safety standards developments and informs it 
‘s
members about these developments
Represents Turkey in international organizations regarding pilot profession
Emergency center for pilots facing major incidences or accidents
Publishes ‘Kokpit’ten Bakış’ journal every three months
Center for ICAO English Proficiency Tests for pilots
 
 
 
General Problems of Turkish Civil Aviation
 
There is a union for airline workers in Turkey. This union is Hava-İş Union
and only THY workers can be members to the union and the union
represents not only pilots but also the cabin crew and the other workers
in THY.
According to the Turkish law pilot profession is not under the labor law
but is subject to obligations law therefore pilots working in airlines other
than THY do not have any rights as other workers do.
The applications of the new FTL(EASA FTL 2016 compliant) has been a
real cause of fatigue for pilots.
Recently THY has violated the labor contract and revised the labor
contract without getting the permission of Hava-İş. THY with this revision
intends to put into force the standby time at hotels practice again.
Very recently Turkish NAA has shorten the obligatory period of flight
hours to become a captain. The obligatory period was 3 years of
experience plus 4000 Flight hours. The new requirement is only 1500
Flight hours.
 
 
Active Pilots showing the number of
pilots represented by the union
 
Plane Statistics 2010 vs. 2016
 
Geographic Risks of Turkish Civil Aviation
 
Between Europe, Asia and Middle East Turkey has a geopolitical importance.
It is an important hub for transportation
From 2003 to 2014 the sector grow on average 13,7% each year, compared to a
growth rate of 5,7% per year for the Aviation industry globally
Passenger numbers rose by an average of 16% a year from 2003 to 2013
According to ICAO statistics in 2016 Turkey is the 10
th
 for RPK (Revenue
Passenger Kilometer)
Atatürk Airport in passenger numbers is the 10
th
 in the world and the 3
rd
 in
Europe in 2016
In 2013 the passenger number was over 150 million; in 2036 it is expected to be
196 million.
Turkey faces some competi
ti
on from Gulf countries for its status as a
 
transport
hub. However, Gulf countries need wide-body aircraft if they are to carry
passengers from Europe to Asia, whereas more than 40% of international traffic
from Turkey can be reached using narrow body aircraft. Narrow body aircraft
provide greater flexibility in terms of Operations.
There are some risks; the exchange rate vo
l
a
ti
lity, economic instability,
worsening security conditions, the threat of terrorism from surrounding
countries
 
 
 
Istanbul’s Third Airport
 
Annual Capacity: 90 million passengers (2018)
Target: 150 million passengers (2028)
Runways:6
Terminals:4
Taxi ways:16
Passenger Bridge:280
Airplane Park Capacity:500
Terminal Building:3
Air Traffic Control Tower:3
Total Area: 76 million meter square (about 15.000 football stadiums)
Apron Area:6,5 million meter square
Predicted worker number after completion: 120.000
After completion it will serve over 150 Airlines and to more than 350
destinations
Environment friendly airport, will have LEED certificate
An airport city is being built with connections to the central areas of Istanbul
 
 
 
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Turkish civil aviation has a rich history dating back to the early days of State Airlines Administration in 1933. Over the years, significant milestones such as the founding of Turkish Airlines, privatization efforts, and the emergence of new airline companies have shaped the industry. The Turkish Airlines Pilot Association (TALPA) has played a crucial role in representing and supporting pilots, reflecting the growth and changes within the sector.


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  1. TALPA & Turkish Civil Aviation Turkish Airlines Pilot Association Cpt. Mahmut Melih Ba demir

  2. TALPA & Civil Aviation in Turkey 1933 State Airlines Administration was founded with 5 planes, 7 pilots and 28 seat capacity 1945 52 planes & 845 seat capacity; Turkey became a member of ICAO 1947 First international Voyage; Ankara-Istanbul-Athens 1953 Ye ilk y International Airport was built 1956 By law State Airlines Administration changed into Turkish Airlines Inc. (THY) ; Turkey became a member of ECAC 1958-1996 Pilots of Turkish Airlines Society Within Turkish Airlines Inc. Was founded to meet the social and cultural needs of THY s pilots and to support their professional development 1962 The first and the only work union of the civil aviation in Turkey was founded; Hava- . The union has an organic link to THY actually. Then the only airline in Turkey was THY therefore the members of the union were only THY workers. This is still the case today.; in 1964 there were 34 planes, 1120 seat capacity

  3. TALPA & Civil Aviation in Turkey 1967 The first international jet Flight Ankara Istanbul Brussels 1982 27 planes, 3909 seat capacity and total of 5735 THY personnel 1983 Civil Aviation Law became effective which privatized Turkish Civil Aviation 1989 The second Airline was founded, SunExpress a co-foundation of THY and Lufthansa 1990 The third Airline was founded, Pegasus with 2 air planes 1996-2008 Airlines Pilot Association To be able to represent all the pilots in the sector Pilots of Turkish Airlines Society terminated itself and Airlines Pilot Association was founded. There were 904 members in total of which 517 was from THY in 1996. 2003 Re-privatization allowing airline firms to be able to enter more internal routes thus the market share of THY dropped from 97.79% to 71 % in 2004 2008-Present Turkish Airlines Pilots Association The total members were 1216 of which 889 was from THY in 2008 The total members are 3530 of which 3156 is from THY in 2017

  4. The CPL & ATPL licenses and TALPA Membership CPL&ATPL Licenses & TALPA Membership 8,000 7,502 7,000 5,748 6,000 5,327 5,000 4,667 4,428 3,863 4,000 2,895 3,000 2,000 1,319 1,239 1,000 0 2003 2010 2016 CPL&ATPL licence number Active CPL&ATPL licences TALPA Members

  5. Airline Statistics 2003 2010 2016 Plane 162 332 504 Airlines 13 16 13 Passenger Traffic 34.443.000 102.800.000 173.624.000 Civil Airports 30 40 55 Seat Capacity 27.599 56.638 100.365 Turnover 2,2 million $ 12 million $ 23.4 million $* Countries with which Turkey has airline agreements 81 111 168 Mutual negotiations 7 29 32 *Figure for 2015

  6. TALPA Turkish Airlines Pilots Association Works closely with government officers and related bodies in order to prepare the necessary rules and regulations needed by the pilot profession Pilot Union Law Through intense lobbying in the last version of the MED regulation have managed to shorten the period necessary for the pilots with health problems to get results from Turkish NAA Have attended meetings with Turkish NAA about the new FTL regulation Gives consultancy to unemployed pilots or to pilots who have problems with their firms Organizes workshops in order to provide a medium to be able to share problems and come out with solutions regarding pilots Follows-up the international safety standards developments and informs it s members about these developments Represents Turkey in international organizations regarding pilot profession Emergency center for pilots facing major incidences or accidents Publishes Kokpit ten Bak journal every three months Center for ICAO English Proficiency Tests for pilots

  7. General Problems of Turkish Civil Aviation There is a union for airline workers in Turkey. This union is Hava- Union and only THY workers can be members to the union and the union represents not only pilots but also the cabin crew and the other workers in THY. According to the Turkish law pilot profession is not under the labor law but is subject to obligations law therefore pilots working in airlines other than THY do not have any rights as other workers do. The applications of the new FTL(EASA FTL 2016 compliant) has been a real cause of fatigue for pilots. Recently THY has violated the labor contract and revised the labor contract without getting the permission of Hava- . THY with this revision intends to put into force the standby time at hotels practice again. Very recently Turkish NAA has shorten the obligatory period of flight hours to become a captain. The obligatory period was 3 years of experience plus 4000 Flight hours. The new requirement is only 1500 Flight hours.

  8. Active Pilots showing the number of pilots represented by the union Active Pilots / THY Pilots - Pilots represented by the union 6,000 5,000 4,000 615 2,113 4,468 3,000 2,000 3,248 2,315 1,000 859 0 2003 2010 2016 Other Airline Pilots THY Pilots

  9. Plane Statistics 2010 vs. 2016 2010 Plane Numbers 2016 Plane Numbers Other, 56 Atlasjet, 25 MNG, 7 Other, 71 Onur Air, 25 THY, 153 Atlasjet, 15 G ne Express, 49 MNG, 10 THY, 308 Onur Air, 28 Pegasus, 70 G ne Express, 28 Pegasus, 27 THY Pegasus G ne Express THY Pegasus G ne Express Onur Air Onur Air MNG Atlasjet MNG Atlasjet Other Other

  10. Geographic Risks of Turkish Civil Aviation Between Europe, Asia and Middle East Turkey has a geopolitical importance. It is an important hub for transportation From 2003 to 2014 the sector grow on average 13,7% each year, compared to a growth rate of 5,7% per year for the Aviation industry globally Passenger numbers rose by an average of 16% a year from 2003 to 2013 According to ICAO statistics in 2016 Turkey is the 10thfor RPK (Revenue Passenger Kilometer) Atat rk Airport in passenger numbers is the 10thin the world and the 3rdin Europe in 2016 In 2013 the passenger number was over 150 million; in 2036 it is expected to be 196 million. Turkey faces some competition from Gulf countries for its status as a transport hub. However, Gulf countries need wide-body aircraft if they are to carry passengers from Europe to Asia, whereas more than 40% of international traffic from Turkey can be reached using narrow body aircraft. Narrow body aircraft provide greater flexibility in terms of Operations. There are some risks; the exchange rate volatility, economic instability, worsening security conditions, the threat of terrorism from surrounding countries

  11. Istanbuls Third Airport Annual Capacity: 90 million passengers (2018) Target: 150 million passengers (2028) Runways:6 Terminals:4 Taxi ways:16 Passenger Bridge:280 Airplane Park Capacity:500 Terminal Building:3 Air Traffic Control Tower:3 Total Area: 76 million meter square (about 15.000 football stadiums) Apron Area:6,5 million meter square Predicted worker number after completion: 120.000 After completion it will serve over 150 Airlines and to more than 350 destinations Environment friendly airport, will have LEED certificate An airport city is being built with connections to the central areas of Istanbul

  12. Slide Title Product A Feature 1 Feature 2 Feature 3 Product B Feature 1 Feature 2 Feature 3

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