Exploring Sweden: A Land of Natural Beauty and Rich Resources

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Sweden, Europe's fifth-largest country, is known for its diverse landscapes, including vast forests, mountains, and lakes. Only a small portion is used for agriculture, and the northern region, Norrland, is rich in natural resources. With a mild climate and unique phenomena like the midnight sun, Sweden attracts outdoor enthusiasts seeking adventure and the chance to appreciate its indigenous culture.

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12thGRADE ENGLISH PREPARATION FOR UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAM PART - 14

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Sweden is Europe s fifth-largest country, with an area about the size of California. Roughly 1,600 km lie between its southernmost and northernmost points. About 15% of its area lies north of the Arctic Circle, where, for a few days each summer, the sun never sets, and never rises for a similar period in winter. The Swedish climate is not severe, thanks to the warming influence of the Gulf Stream. Only 7% of Sweden s area is cultivated farmland; more than half of the country is covered by timberlands, consisting mostly of coniferous forests. Mountains, fells, and wetlands occupy nearly a quarter of the country. Sweden has about 100,000 lakes, which include Vanern, the third-largest body of fresh water in Europe. The Swedes are proud of the natural beauty of their country and this large variety in landscape makes Sweden a prime travel destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Norrland, the northern three-fifths of the country, is rich in natural resources, including timber, ore deposits, and rivers, whose waterfalls contribute to the national energy supply. It is here that the local indigenous people earn their traditional livelihood herding reindeer. Which of the following statements about Sweden is true according to the passage? A) Sweden is five times larger than California. B) A very small portion of the country is used for agriculture. C) Mountains and wetlands constitute a great majority of the country's surface area. D) Norrland, the northern three-fifths of the country, is uninhabited. E) Coniferous forests cover only a tiny proportion of the country.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Sweden is Europe s fifth-largest country, with an area about the size of California. Roughly 1,600 km lie between its southernmost and northernmost points. About 15% of its area lies north of the Arctic Circle, where, for a few days each summer, the sun never sets, and never rises for a similar period in winter. The Swedish climate is not severe, thanks to the warming influence of the Gulf Stream. Only 7% of Sweden s area is cultivated farmland; more than half of the country is covered by timberlands, consisting mostly of coniferous forests. Mountains, fells, and wetlands occupy nearly a quarter of the country. Sweden has about 100,000 lakes, which include Vanern, the third-largest body of fresh water in Europe. The Swedes are proud of the natural beauty of their country and this large variety in landscape makes Sweden a prime travel destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Norrland, the northern three-fifths of the country, is rich in natural resources, including timber, ore deposits, and rivers, whose waterfalls contribute to the national energy supply. It is here that the local indigenous people earn their traditional livelihood herding reindeer. Why do many people interested in outdoor activities prefer to visit Sweden? A) There are 100,000 lakes including Vanern, the third-largest in Europe. B) The natural diversity, which the locals take pride in, makes it attractive. C) They may have a chance to meet the local indigenous people herding reindeer. D) They want to be there when the sun never sets in summer time. E) The country being rich in natural energy resources is appealing to them.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Sweden is Europe s fifth-largest country, with an area about the size of California. Roughly 1,600 km lie between its southernmost and northernmost points. About 15% of its area lies north of the Arctic Circle, where, for a few days each summer, the sun never sets, and never rises for a similar period in winter. The Swedish climate is not severe, thanks to the warming influence of the Gulf Stream. Only 7% of Sweden s area is cultivated farmland; more than half of the country is covered by timberlands, consisting mostly of coniferous forests. Mountains, fells, and wetlands occupy nearly a quarter of the country. Sweden has about 100,000 lakes, which include Vanern, the third-largest body of fresh water in Europe. The Swedes are proud of the natural beauty of their country and this large variety in landscape makes Sweden a prime travel destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Norrland, the northern three-fifths of the country, is rich in natural resources, including timber, ore deposits, and rivers, whose waterfalls contribute to the national energy supply. It is here that the local indigenous people earn their traditional livelihood herding reindeer. What can be inferred about the local indigenous population of Norrland? A) Their work contributes to the national energy supply. B) They are in constant fight with the Swedes over the herding of reindeer. C) They have promoted the tourism industry in Sweden. D) Their livelihood depends on the ore deposits and waterfalls in Norrland. E) They lead a pastoral life in a rural area of the country.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Functioning mini human brains grown in a lab could help cure Parkinson s. It may sound incredible, yet the created blobs may help researchers defeat Parkinson s disease and other age-related brain conditions. The mini brain is an organoid grown from stem cells to imitate the human midbrain, the information superhighway of the brain that controls hearing, vision and movement. Other researchers have successfully grown brain tissue in a lab, but a team made up of researchers from A Star Genome Institute of Singapore, the Duke-NUS Medical School and the National Neuroscience Institute say theirs is the first to contain neuromelanin, a dark pigment found within the human brain that is closely linked to the development of Parkinson s disease. It also contains specialised neurons that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved with motor control as low levels of dopamine lead to slowed reactions and disorders like Parkinson s. Shawn Je, the lead researcher of the team, says that their mini-brain organoids mimic human midbrain development and that now they can really test how these mini brains react to existing or newly developed drugs before treating patients. This will be a game changer for future drug development. According to the passage, mini human brains may help cure Parkinson s disease since ----. A) researchers from various institutes worked together to develop them B) newly produced and available drugs for Parkinson s have been tested on them C) they have already worked really well on other age-related brain conditions D) they are organoids grown from stem cells with high levels of dopamine E) they are like a simulation of our midbrains, which control some of our senses and movement

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Functioning mini human brains grown in a lab could help cure Parkinson s. It may sound incredible, yet the created blobs may help researchers defeat Parkinson s disease and other age-related brain conditions. The mini brain is an organoid grown from stem cells to imitate the human midbrain, the information superhighway of the brain that controls hearing, vision and movement. Other researchers have successfully grown brain tissue in a lab, but a team made up of researchers from A Star Genome Institute of Singapore, the Duke-NUS Medical School and the National Neuroscience Institute say theirs is the first to contain neuromelanin, a dark pigment found within the human brain that is closely linked to the development of Parkinson s disease. It also contains specialised neurons that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved with motor control as low levels of dopamine lead to slowed reactions and disorders like Parkinson s. Shawn Je, the lead researcher of the team, says that their mini-brain organoids mimic human midbrain development and that now they can really test how these mini brains react to existing or newly developed drugs before treating patients. This will be a game changer for future drug development. According to the passage, which of the following is true? A) Low levels of dopamine can be related to some other disorders along with Parkinson s disease. B) The presence of neuromelanin can help people with Parkinson's disease to recover from the condition. C) Neuromelanin and dopamine are essential components to produce artificial organs. D) Compared to dopamine, neuromelanin can produce more neurotransmitters that enable motor control. E) Neuromelanin and dopamine cause deterioration in our midbrain, leading to impairment in our reactions.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Functioning mini human brains grown in a lab could help cure Parkinson s. It may sound incredible, yet the created blobs may help researchers defeat Parkinson s disease and other age-related brain conditions. The mini brain is an organoid grown from stem cells to imitate the human midbrain, the information superhighway of the brain that controls hearing, vision and movement. Other researchers have successfully grown brain tissue in a lab, but a team made up of researchers from A Star Genome Institute of Singapore, the Duke-NUS Medical School and the National Neuroscience Institute say theirs is the first to contain neuromelanin, a dark pigment found within the human brain that is closely linked to the development of Parkinson s disease. It also contains specialised neurons that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved with motor control as low levels of dopamine lead to slowed reactions and disorders like Parkinson s. Shawn Je, the lead researcher of the team, says that their mini-brain organoids mimic human midbrain development and that now they can really test how these mini brains react to existing or newly developed drugs before treating patients. This will be a game changer for future drug development. What is the author s primary purpose in this passage? A) To explain why other researchers have failed to produce mini brains with neuromelanin B) To inform us about the development of Parkinson s disease and other brain conditions C) To illustrate the reasons behind the failure of treatments for Parkinson s disease D) To announce a new scientific breakthrough that can aid the treatment of age-related brain conditions E) To emphasise the importance of collaboration among researchers from various institutes

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Japan in the mid-19th century was closed to foreigners, and had been that way for more than 200 years; only a few Dutch and Chinese traders entered Japan's harbours. So observers in Tokyo Bay were shocked when, on July 8, 1853, four black ships cruised into the harbour. The boats were commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the US, who bore a letter from President Millard Fillmore to the emperor of Japan, requesting a treaty. Perry refused Japanese orders to leave the harbour, insisting that he would deliver the letter by force, if necessary. Having finally handed the letter to a hesitant pair of Japanese princes, Perry departed, leaving word that he would return for an answer. By the time he came back in 1854, the Japanese government had realized it would have to admit the terms of the treaty. Without its own navy, Japan could not withstand an American attack. The Treaty of Kanagawa opened up Japan to trade from the West. The Japanese agreed to admit US ships to two ports and to allow American ships to pick up supplies and fuel in Japan. Subsequent treaties with other Western nations followed, leading to a number of positive social and economic changes that would bring modernization to Japan. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----. A) Perry was not satisfied with the answer of the Japanese government when he came back in 1854 B) Japan's harbours had been effectively used by many Dutch and Chinese traders before 1854 C) Perry had to use force in order to get the Japanese government to admit the treaty D) the observers in Tokyo Bay were expecting American ships to visit Japan's harbours in 1853 E) Japan had hardly ever accepted outside influences until 1854

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Japan in the mid-19th century was closed to foreigners, and had been that way for more than 200 years; only a few Dutch and Chinese traders entered Japan's harbours. So observers in Tokyo Bay were shocked when, on July 8, 1853, four black ships cruised into the harbour. The boats were commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the US, who bore a letter from President Millard Fillmore to the emperor of Japan, requesting a treaty. Perry refused Japanese orders to leave the harbour, insisting that he would deliver the letter by force, if necessary. Having finally handed the letter to a hesitant pair of Japanese princes, Perry departed, leaving word that he would return for an answer. By the time he came back in 1854, the Japanese government had realized it would have to admit the terms of the treaty. Without its own navy, Japan could not withstand an American attack. The Treaty of Kanagawa opened up Japan to trade from the West. The Japanese agreed to admit US ships to two ports and to allow American ships to pick up supplies and fuel in Japan. Subsequent treaties with other Western nations followed, leading to a number of positive social and economic changes that would bring modernization to Japan. One can infer from the passage that the Treaty of Kanagawa ----. A) allowed the US to help Japan to build a modern navy and have good harbours B) offered a variety of benefits to Japan although it was initially reluctant to accept it C) led Japan to make treaties with other Western nations, which caused it to lose its effective harbours D) was strongly supported by the Japanese government since it would bring economic prosperity to Japan E) was designed by Commodore Matthew C. Perry under the order of President Millard Fillmore

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Japan in the mid-19th century was closed to foreigners, and had been that way for more than 200 years; only a few Dutch and Chinese traders entered Japan's harbours. So observers in Tokyo Bay were shocked when, on July 8, 1853, four black ships cruised into the harbour. The boats were commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the US, who bore a letter from President Millard Fillmore to the emperor of Japan, requesting a treaty. Perry refused Japanese orders to leave the harbour, insisting that he would deliver the letter by force, if necessary. Having finally handed the letter to a hesitant pair of Japanese princes, Perry departed, leaving word that he would return for an answer. By the time he came back in 1854, the Japanese government had realized it would have to admit the terms of the treaty. Without its own navy, Japan could not withstand an American attack. The Treaty of Kanagawa opened up Japan to trade from the West. The Japanese agreed to admit US ships to two ports and to allow American ships to pick up supplies and fuel in Japan. Subsequent treaties with other Western nations followed, leading to a number of positive social and economic changes that would bring modernization to Japan. What could be the best title for this passage? A) The Historical Importance of Japan's Harbours B) The Influence of the Japanese Seapower on the US Navy C) Why Japan Refused to Accept the Treaty of Kanagawa D) From Isolation to Economic Development E) The Japanese Contribution to World Trade

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Stress is a common factor in the workplace, and more and more people are experiencing it. Some jobs are clearly more stressful than others. But what are the factors that contribute to this? It would appear that the number of decisions to be made on the job, contrary to popular belief, is not a valid indicator of stress. People who have some measure of control over their work, such as top executives of large corporations, actually have less stressful jobs than those who do not, such as food service workers and middle-level managers. Jobs with high demands, low control and little support are major contributors to increased stress levels. When workplace problems spill over into the family environment, it is inevitable that stress levels will further increase. This is the situation faced by many couples today who experience serious problems when family demands come into conflict with work demands. In many families, there still exists the expectation that women will fulfill the majority of household and child-care duties while at the same time being employed. This creates an even more stressful situation for women and is very different from the stress typically experienced by men. Which of the following statements is true about work-related stress? A) Food service workers are less susceptible to stress than executives. B) Those who lack control over their work are subject to more stress than those who do not. C) Middle-level managers tend to be less stressed than other members of staff in a workplace. D) Large corporations usually employ individuals who can cope with too much stress. E) Executives experience difficulty in managing the stressful environment in large corporations.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Stress is a common factor in the workplace, and more and more people are experiencing it. Some jobs are clearly more stressful than others. But what are the factors that contribute to this? It would appear that the number of decisions to be made on the job, contrary to popular belief, is not a valid indicator of stress. People who have some measure of control over their work, such as top executives of large corporations, actually have less stressful jobs than those who do not, such as food service workers and middle-level managers. Jobs with high demands, low control and little support are major contributors to increased stress levels. When workplace problems spill over into the family environment, it is inevitable that stress levels will further increase. This is the situation faced by many couples today who experience serious problems when family demands come into conflict with work demands. In many families, there still exists the expectation that women will fulfill the majority of household and child-care duties while at the same time being employed. This creates an even more stressful situation for women and is very different from the stress typically experienced by men. What is the connection between stress in the workplace and the home environment? A) Family stress must be dealt with in order to minimize stress in the workplace. B) Modern couples underestimate family demands that result in stress. C) A stressful family environment affects workplace relationships. D) People will suffer from greater stress if workplace problems have an impact on family life. E) Those who have demanding jobs tend to encounter less stress in their marriages.

PART PART - - 14 14 12thGrade English Sorular a a daki par aya g re cevaplay n z. Stress is a common factor in the workplace, and more and more people are experiencing it. Some jobs are clearly more stressful than others. But what are the factors that contribute to this? It would appear that the number of decisions to be made on the job, contrary to popular belief, is not a valid indicator of stress. People who have some measure of control over their work, such as top executives of large corporations, actually have less stressful jobs than those who do not, such as food service workers and middle-level managers. Jobs with high demands, low control and little support are major contributors to increased stress levels. When workplace problems spill over into the family environment, it is inevitable that stress levels will further increase. This is the situation faced by many couples today who experience serious problems when family demands come into conflict with work demands. In many families, there still exists the expectation that women will fulfill the majority of household and child-care duties while at the same time being employed. This creates an even more stressful situation for women and is very different from the stress typically experienced by men. It is understood from the passage that women ----. A) that have less workplace problems are inclined to create a peaceful family environment B) who are responsible for doing household chores experience a less complicated form of stress C) do not face hardships when they are just busy with household duties D) tend to be stressed when they are not in full-time employment E) are more prone to stress than men due to society s expectations