Valence Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table
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SECTION 4:
VALENCE
ELECTRONS
CHAPTER 9: ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
Learning Goals
•
Define valence electrons, and
draw electron-dot structures
representing an atom's valence
electrons.
Valence Electrons
•
V
a
l
e
n
c
e
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
s
a
r
e
d
e
f
i
n
e
d
a
s
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
a
t
o
m
’
s
o
u
t
e
r
m
o
s
t
o
r
b
i
t
a
l
•
These electrons are important
because they are involved in
chemical bonding.
•
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
s
n
o
t
i
n
t
h
e
o
u
t
e
r
m
o
s
t
s
h
e
l
l
a
r
e
c
a
l
l
e
d
c
o
r
e
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
s
.
Valence Electrons
•
How many valence electrons are
in the following atoms?
•
He
•
O
•
Na
•
Cl
Valence Electrons
•
How many valence electrons are
in the following atoms?
•
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
•
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
2
3d
10
4p
4
•
[Kr]5s
2
4d
10
5p
2
•
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3
Electron Dot Structure
•
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
-
d
o
t
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
’
s
s
y
m
b
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p
r
e
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t
i
n
g
t
h
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n
u
c
l
e
u
s
,
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
e
d
b
y
d
o
t
s
r
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p
r
e
s
e
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t
i
n
g
t
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s
v
a
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c
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n
s
.
Electron Dot Structure
•
Write the electron-dot structures
for the following elements:
•
He
•
O
•
Na
•
Cl
Electron Dot Structure
•
Write the electron dot structures
for the following elements:
•
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
•
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
2
3d
10
4p
1
•
[Kr]5s
2
4d
10
5p
5
•
[Ne]3s
2
Explore the concept of valence electrons in atoms, crucial for chemical bonding. Learn to define valence electrons, understand their role, and draw electron-dot structures for atoms. Practice identifying valence electrons in various elements and creating electron-dot structures in this educational chapter.
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Presentation Transcript
SECTION 4: VALENCE ELECTRONS CHAPTER 9: ELECTRONS IN ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
Learning Goals Define valence electrons, and draw electron-dot structures representing an atom's valence electrons.
Valence Electrons Valence electrons are defined as electrons in the atom s outermost orbital These electrons are important because they are involved in chemical bonding. Electrons not in the outermost shell are called core electrons.
Valence Electrons How many valence electrons are in the following atoms? He O Na Cl
Valence Electrons How many valence electrons are in the following atoms? 1s22s22p6 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p4 [Kr]5s24d105p2 [Ne]3s23p3
Electron Dot Structure Electron-dot structure consists of the element s symbol representing the nucleus, surrounded by dots representing the element s valence electrons.
Electron Dot Structure Write the electron-dot structures for the following elements: He O Na Cl
Electron Dot Structure Write the electron dot structures for the following elements: 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p1 [Kr]5s24d105p5 [Ne]3s2
