Understanding Mature Convection Distribution Over Europe

Analyzing the time and space distribution of mature convection over Europe based on MSG Airmass product from Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute. The data covers various timeframes and processing steps, highlighting the dependence on Sun elevation, daytime hours, and monthly variations. Statistical processing reveals insights into the occurrence and pattern of mature convection phenomena.

• Mature Convection
• Europe
• MSG Airmass
• Slovak Institute
• Statistical Processing

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1. Time and space distribution of mature convection over Europe based on MSG Airmass product J n Ka k Slovak Hydrometerological Institute Jes niova 17, 83315 Bratislava, Slovakia Jan.kanak@shmu.sk EUMETSAT CWG, Prague, 27-30 March 2012

2. Data, method and algorithm Data set: 200904 200905 200906 200907 200908 200909 201004 201005 201006 201007 201008 201009 201104 201105 201106 201107 201108 201109 200805 200806 200807 200808 200809 Due to long time period number of single timeframes is 67 392. No HRIT MSG data available for all timeframes and if yes, reprocessing need a lot of time. Compressed jpg (90% quality) final Airmass products were used for statistical processing. Processed area: Europe (approximate area from 0 to 30 E and from 45 to 55 N) Processing steps for each single timeslot: 1. Convert jpg to BMP 2. Apply empirical tests to R,G,B values to detect mature convection 3. Update statistical field 4. Repeat for each timeslot Final statistical processing of results (distributions on daytime, Sun elevation, months)

3. Dependence of mature convection distribution over Europe on Sun elevation -80 Sun elevation: -40 0 +40 +75 0 10 20 30 40 50 Number of cases

4. Dependence of mature convection distribution over Europe on Sun elevation in pixel numbers Pix_num 1800000 1600000 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Sun elevation in deg

5. Dependence of mature convection distribution over Europe on daytime 0 23 Hours: 6 12 18 0 10 20 30 40 Number of cases

6. Dependence of mature convection distribution over Europe on daytime in pixel numbers Pix_number 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Daytime in hours

7. Monthly distribution of mature convection over Europe 200805 200806 200807 200808 200809 200904 200905 200906 200907 200908 200909 201004 201005 201006 201007 201008 201009 201104 201105 201106 201107 201108 201109 Monthly Airmass video for May 2009 Month: 0 10 20 30 40 Number of cases

8. Monthly distribution of mature convection over Europe in pixel numbers Pix_number 3000000 2500000 2000000 1500000 1000000 500000 0 201009 201106 200805 200806 200807 200808 200809 200904 200905 200906 200907 200908 200909 201004 201005 201006 201007 201008 201104 201105 201107 201108 201109 Months

9. Dependence of mature convection distribution over CZ and SK regions on Sun elevation in pixel numbers CZ SK

10. Dependence of mature convection distribution over CZ and SK regions on daytime in pixel numbers Normalized pixel numbers 100000 CZ_only SK_only Evening storms Daily maximum Morning storms 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 Daily minimum of storm activity 20000 3 hours 10000 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Daytime in hours

11. Dependence of mature convection distribution over CZ and SK regions on Sun elevation in pixel numbers Common maximum for Sun elevation -20 Normalized pixel numbers CZ only SK only 100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 Evening storms in CZ region? 30000 20000 10000 0 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 Sun elevation in deg Note: No differentiation between evening and morning storms