Thermal Analysis in Materials Science
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Subject :
Physics
•
Grade:
1
th
Class
•
Lecture : 5
Thermal analysis
and Thermal processes
•
Dr
.
Haleemah Jaber Mohammed
•
2
0
2
3
-
2
0
2
4
AL-MUSTAQBAL UNIVERSITY
Babylon–Iraq
•
Thermal
analysis
is
a
branch
of materials
science
where
the properties of materials
are
studied as
they
change
with
temperature
•
OR
•
Thermal analysis is a branch of materials science
where the properties of materials are studied as they
change with temperature. Several methods are
commonly used – these are distinguished from one
another by the property which is measured
•
When matter is heated, it undergoes
certain physical and chemical changes.
1-
Physical
changes
include
phase
changes
such
as
melting,
vaporization,
crystallization,
transitions
between
crystal
structures,
changes
in
microstructure
in metal alloys and polymers, volume
changes (expansion
and
contraction),
and
changes
in
mechanical
behavior.
•
Chemical changes
include reactions to form
new products, oxidation, corrosion,
decomposition, dehydration, chemisorption,
and the like.
•
These physical and chemical changes take
place over a wide temperature range.
•
Materials are used
over
a
wide range of
temperatures,
from
Arctic
cold
to
tropical
heat,
in
corrosive
environments,
variable
humidity,
and
under
load
(stress).
•
It
is
necessary
to
characterize
materials
and
their
behavior
over
a
range of
temperatures to
determine
what materials
are
suitable
for
specific
uses
and
to
determine
what
temperature
range
materials
or
chemicals
can
withstand
without
changing.
•
This
sort
of
information
is
used
to
predict
safe
operating
conditions
for
products, such as
which type
of
tire
material
is
best
for
vehicles
in
extremely
cold
or
extremely hot
climates
,
the
average
expected
lifetime
of
materials
such
as
paints
and
polymers
exposed
to
temperature
changes.
4
T
y
p
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
m
a
l
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
TGA
T
he
r
mo
g
r
avime
t
ri
c
analy
s
i
s
DTA
Differential
Thermal
Analysis
DSC
Differential
Scanning
Calorimetry
T
T
T
he
r
mome
t
ri
c
Titration
DMA
D
ynam
i
c
Me
c
hanical
Analysis
TMA
T
he
r
mo
M
e
c
h
anical
Analy
s
i
s
T
h
e
r
m
a
l
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
•
thermal processes are noncatalytic processes
that decompose, rearrange, or combine
hydrocarbon molecules by the application of
heat. When feedstocks are heated to
temperatures over 350 °C (660 °F), the
thermal or free radical reactions start to give
way to cracking of the mixture at significant
rates.
•
INTRODUTION
•
Th
ermal processes are that set of processes that uses the
thermal energy of a steady or a flowing fluid, to perform
required work. The concepts of the thermal process are
generally studied under thermodynamics and heat transfer
in mechanical engineering. The subject of thermodynamics
focuses on the methods to convert heat into work, or their
interconversion. It also focuses on the methodology to
reverse various spontaneous processes, like the flow of heat
energy from a cold reservoir to a high-temperature reservoir.
Thermodynamics deals with heat energy and its related
energy conversion, whereas heat transfer in the context of
mechanical engineering, deals with the rate of flow of heat
and its various consequences
•
Thermal processes are the processes operate
at high temperature, which is usually higher
than melting point of aluminum. • They are
performed in the front-end of the
semiconductor process, usually in high
temperature furnace commonly called
diffusion furnace.
C
o
n
t
e
x
t
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
•
Some of the key areas where thermal processes find
their application are:
•
Separation and purification of gaseous and liquid
mixtures
•
Cryogenic systems
•
Water treatment
•
Bio-refining
•
Industrial production process
•
Thermal processing and thermal imaging
•
Multiphase heat transfer
•
Thermal processing technology is
used in heavy manufacturing
industries for
processing metals
and
building mat
erials, as well as for
industries such as food and beverage,
pharmaceuticals, chemical, biomass
and numerous other applications
D
o
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o
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A
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Q
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s
?
Branch of materials science studying properties of materials as they change with temperature. Includes physical and chemical changes, methods used, and importance in predicting safe operating conditions for products.
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Presentation Transcript
AL-MUSTAQBAL UNIVERSITY Babylon Iraq Department of Biomedical Engineering Subject : Physics Grade: 1thClass Lecture : 5 Thermal analysis and Thermal processes Dr. Haleemah JaberMohammed 2023 -2024
Thermal analysis is a branch of materials science where the properties of materials are studied as they change with temperature OR Thermal analysis is a branch of materials science where the properties of materials are studied as they change with temperature. Several methods are commonly used these are distinguished from one another by the property which is measured
When matter is heated, it undergoes certain physical and chemical changes. 1- Physical changes include phase changes such as melting, between microstructure changes (expansion mechanical behavior. vaporization, crystal crystallization, structures, in metal alloys and polymers, volume and contraction), and changes in transitions changes in
Chemical changes include reactions to form new products, oxidation, corrosion, decomposition, dehydration, chemisorption, and the like. These physical and chemical changes take place over a wide temperature range.
Materials are used over a wide range of temperatures, from Arctic cold to tropical heat, in corrosive environments, variable humidity, and under load (stress). It is necessary to characterize materials and their behavior over a range of temperatures to determine what materials are suitable for specific uses and to determine what materials or chemicals can withstand without changing. temperature range
This sort of information is used to predict safe operating conditions for products, such as which type material is best extremely cold climates, the average expected lifetime of materials such as paints and polymers exposed to temperature changes. of tire for vehicles extremely in or hot
Types of thermal analysis TGA Thermo gravimetric analysis DTA Differential Thermal Analysis DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry TTThermometric Titration DMA Dynamic Mechanical Analysis TMA Thermo Mechanical Analysis 4
Thermal processing thermal processes are noncatalytic processes that decompose, rearrange, hydrocarbon molecules by the application of heat. When feedstocks temperatures over 350 C (660 F), the thermal or free radical reactions start to give way to cracking of the mixture at significant rates. or combine are heated to
INTRODUTION Thermal processes are that set of processes that uses the thermal energy of a steady or a flowing fluid, to perform required work. The concepts of the thermal process are generally studied under thermodynamics and heat transfer in mechanical engineering. The subject of thermodynamics focuses on the methods to convert heat into work, or their interconversion. It also focuses on the methodology to reverse various spontaneous processes, like the flow of heat energy from a cold reservoir to a high-temperature reservoir. Thermodynamics deals with heat energy and its related energy conversion, whereas heat transfer in the context of mechanical engineering, deals with the rate of flow of heat and its various consequences
Thermal processes are the processes operate at high temperature, which is usually higher than melting point of aluminum. They are performed in the semiconductor process, temperature furnace diffusion furnace. front-end usually commonly of in the high called
Context and Applications Some of the key areas where thermal processes find their application are: Separation and purification of gaseous and liquid mixtures Cryogenic systems Water treatment Bio-refining Industrial production process Thermal processing and thermal imaging Multiphase heat transfer
Thermal used industries for processing metals and building materials, as well as for industries such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, chemical, biomass and numerous other applications processing technology heavy is in manufacturing
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