The Human Respiratory System: Anatomy, Functions, and Importance
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Human Respiratory System
Part 2
December 2021
Dr. Anna Haro
Westside HS
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Students will apply knowledge of human and cellular
biology.
Students will develop knowledge of the anatomy and
physiology of the human respiratory system.
Students will compare the different parts of the airways.
Students will evaluate the parts and function of the
bronchial tree.
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,
B
,
C
,
F
,
&
G
)
&
(
3
)
(
B
)
Los estudiantes aplicarán conocimientos de biología
humana y celular.
Los estudiantes desarrollarán el conocimiento de la
anatomía y fisiología del sistema respiratorio humano.
Los estudiantes compararán las diferentes partes de
las vías respiratorias.
Los estudiantes evaluarán las partes y la función del
árbol bronquial.
.
Human respiratory system
The main function of the human respiratory system is gas-
______________. Respiratory events include:
The movement of air in and out of the lungs, commonly
called
breathing
or
ventilation
.
The exchange of gas between the lungs and blood (
external
respiration
).
The exchange of gases between the blood and body cells
(
internal respiration
).
The oxygen utilization and CO2 production (
cellular
respiration
).
Other physiologic functions of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system:
1.
Allows the patient to talk and to
_______________.
2.
Warms air to match the body temperature and
moisturizes it to the humidity level the body
needs.
3.
_______________ the airways from harmful
substances and irritants.
4.
Respiration is both macroscopic and microscopic –
explain what this means.
Human
Respiratory
System
Image from:
https://www.h
owtorelief.com
/respiratory-
system-parts-
function/
Which lung is
larger and why?
What is the anatomy of the human respiratory system?
Many different components (organs and tissues) comprise the respiratory
system. Start with t
he airways:
1.
Mouth and nose: Openings that pull air from outside your body into your
respiratory system.
Internal hairs in the nostrils begin to ______________
inhaled
air.
2.
Nasal cavity is the hollow space behind the nose. This transports air to the
pharynx, and the mucous lining helps to filter, warm, and moisten the
incoming air.
3.
Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help regulate the
temperature and humidity of the air you inhale. Also reduces the weight of
the skull and adds resonance to voice.
4.
Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to the
trachea (windpipe), which distinguishes air from food/drink entering your
esophagus.
Located ___________ to the oral cavity and __________ the
nasal cavity and larynx.
What is the anatomy of the human respiratory system?
5.
Larynx: this is the “voicebox” and is an enlarged area superior to the
trachea. It is the passageway for air and prevents foreign material from
entering the lungs and contains the vocal cords.
6.
Trachea or the “windpipe”:
Flexible tube and passageway connecting your
throat and lungs, specifically the larynx to the _____________ tree.
7.
Bronchial tree: Beginning with the bronchial tubes, located at the bottom
of your trachea, connecting into the branches of each lung and leading to
the alveoli.
8.
Lungs: The soft, cone-shaped organs occupying the thoracic cavity (along
with the heart), which remove oxygen from air and pass it into your
bloodstream. The lungs contain the bronchial tree, the alveoli, blood
vessels, connective tissue, lymphatic vessels, and the nerves of the lower
respiratory tract.
The bronchial tree
The bronchial tree is the respiratory structure which delivers external air
from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs
where gas exchange and diffusion begins.
The trachea – this is the “trunk” of the tree where the two main
branches first diverge at the
carina
.
The primary left bronchus and the primary right bronchus are the two
main branches leading to the left and right lung respectively. Note, the
right primary bronchus is more vertical vs. the horizontal position of the
left.
The secondary (right) lobar bronchi and the secondary (left) lobar
bronchi branch off from the primary into the right and left lobes
respectively.
There are __________ secondary right lobar bronchi and
__________ secondary left lobar bronchi.
One bronchus ends in “us” if more than one, then they are bronchi.
The bronchial tree
The third level are the tertiary segmental bronchi. There are
usually ten bronchial segments in the right lung and eight in the
left lung.
The next level are the intralobular bronchioles, and these are the
much smaller branches, also called the bronchioles or lobules.
The fifth level are the terminal bronchioles, with approximately
50 (left) to 80 (right) terminal bronchioles in the lobule of each
lung.
The sixth level are the respiratory bronchioles with two branching
off from each terminal bronchiole.
Then, about 2 to 10 alveolar ducts branch from the respiratory
bronchioles.
The bronchial tree
The 8
th
level are the
alveolar sacs – these are
thin-walled and closely-
packed outpouches of the
alveolar ducts.
Finally, the alveolus or
many alveoli are thin-
walled, and microscopic
air sacs that open to an
alveolar sac. Air can
diffuse freely from the
duct to the sac to the
alveoli.
Image from:
https://study.com/acade
my/lesson/alveolar-ducts-
function-definition.html
What are your questions about the respiratory
system?
Please ask, email, use Remind, or TEAMS.
Remember the HON-code?
https://www.hon.ch/HONcode/
. Even if you
cannot find the HON-code stamp, please use the
principles of website evaluation.
Authority, confidentiality, complementary,
attribution, justification, transparency, financial
disclosure, and advertising policy
(HON-code,
2019).
References
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21205-
respiratory-system
https://www.howtorelief.com/respiratory-system-
parts-function/
Shier D, Butler J, Lewis R.
Hole’s Human Anatomy and
Physiology
, 9
th
edition. 2003.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/alveolar-ducts-
function-definition.html
The human respiratory system plays a vital role in gas exchange and maintaining overall health. This article delves into the anatomy of the respiratory system, its main functions, such as gas exchange and air filtration, and the importance of respiratory health. Learn about the different components, from the airways to the lungs, and how they work together to ensure proper respiration and oxygenation of the body.
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Presentation Transcript
Human Respiratory System Part 2 December 2021 Dr. Anna Haro Westside HS
LEARNING Objectives TEKS: 130.231.(c)(1)(A, & B) and 130.231.(c)(2)(A, B, C, F, & G) & (3)(B) Students will apply knowledge of human and cellular biology. Students will develop knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the human respiratory system. Students will compare the different parts of the airways. Students will evaluate the parts and function of the bronchial tree.
Objetivos de aprendizaje TEKS: 130.231.(c)(1)(A, & B) and 130.231.(c)(2)(A, B, C, F, & G) & (3)(B) . Los estudiantes aplicar n conocimientos de biolog a humana y celular. Los estudiantes desarrollar n el conocimiento de la anatom a y fisiolog a del sistema respiratorio humano. Los estudiantes comparar n las diferentes partes de las v as respiratorias. Los estudiantes evaluar n las partes y la funci n del rbol bronquial.
Human respiratory system The main function of the human respiratory system is gas- ______________. Respiratory events include: The movement of air in and out of the lungs, commonly called breathing or ventilation. The exchange of gas between the lungs and blood (external respiration). The exchange of gases between the blood and body cells (internal respiration). The oxygen utilization and CO2 production (cellular respiration).
Other physiologic functions of the Respiratory System The respiratory system: 1. Allows the patient to talk and to _______________. 2. Warms air to match the body temperature and moisturizes it to the humidity level the body needs. 3. _______________ the airways from harmful substances and irritants. 4. Respiration is both macroscopic and microscopic explain what this means.
Human Respiratory System Image from: https://www.h owtorelief.com /respiratory- system-parts- function/ Which lung is larger and why?
What is the anatomy of the human respiratory system? Many different components (organs and tissues) comprise the respiratory system. Start with the airways: 1. Mouth and nose: Openings that pull air from outside your body into your respiratory system. Internal hairs in the nostrils begin to ______________ inhaled air. 2. Nasal cavity is the hollow space behind the nose. This transports air to the pharynx, and the mucous lining helps to filter, warm, and moisten the incoming air. 3. Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help regulate the temperature and humidity of the air you inhale. Also reduces the weight of the skull and adds resonance to voice. 4. Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to the trachea (windpipe), which distinguishes air from food/drink entering your esophagus. Located ___________ to the oral cavity and __________ the nasal cavity and larynx.
What is the anatomy of the human respiratory system? 5. Larynx: this is the voicebox and is an enlarged area superior to the trachea. It is the passageway for air and prevents foreign material from entering the lungs and contains the vocal cords. 6. Trachea or the windpipe : Flexible tube and passageway connecting your throat and lungs, specifically the larynx to the _____________ tree. 7. Bronchial tree: Beginning with the bronchial tubes, located at the bottom of your trachea, connecting into the branches of each lung and leading to the alveoli. 8. Lungs: The soft, cone-shaped organs occupying the thoracic cavity (along with the heart), which remove oxygen from air and pass it into your bloodstream. The lungs contain the bronchial tree, the alveoli, blood vessels, connective tissue, lymphatic vessels, and the nerves of the lower respiratory tract.
The bronchial tree The bronchial tree is the respiratory structure which delivers external air from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs where gas exchange and diffusion begins. The trachea this is the trunk of the tree where the two main branches first diverge at the carina. The primary left bronchus and the primary right bronchus are the two main branches leading to the left and right lung respectively. Note, the right primary bronchus is more vertical vs. the horizontal position of the left. The secondary (right) lobar bronchi and the secondary (left) lobar bronchi branch off from the primary into the right and left lobes respectively. There are __________ secondary right lobar bronchi and __________ secondary left lobar bronchi. One bronchus ends in us if more than one, then they are bronchi.
The bronchial tree The third level are the tertiary segmental bronchi. There are usually ten bronchial segments in the right lung and eight in the left lung. The next level are the intralobular bronchioles, and these are the much smaller branches, also called the bronchioles or lobules. The fifth level are the terminal bronchioles, with approximately 50 (left) to 80 (right) terminal bronchioles in the lobule of each lung. The sixth level are the respiratory bronchioles with two branching off from each terminal bronchiole. Then, about 2 to 10 alveolar ducts branch from the respiratory bronchioles.
The bronchial tree The 8th level are the alveolar sacs these are thin-walled and closely- packed outpouches of the alveolar ducts. Finally, the alveolus or many alveoli are thin- walled, and microscopic air sacs that open to an alveolar sac. Air can diffuse freely from the duct to the sac to the alveoli. Image from: https://study.com/acade my/lesson/alveolar-ducts- function-definition.html
What are your questions about the respiratory system? Please ask, email, use Remind, or TEAMS. Remember the HON-code? https://www.hon.ch/HONcode/. Even if you cannot find the HON-code stamp, please use the principles of website evaluation. Authority, confidentiality, complementary, attribution, justification, transparency, financial disclosure, and advertising policy (HON-code, 2019).
References https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21205- respiratory-system https://www.howtorelief.com/respiratory-system- parts-function/ Shier D, Butler J, Lewis R. Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th edition. 2003. https://study.com/academy/lesson/alveolar-ducts- function-definition.html
