The Fascinating World of Sponges: Structure, Feeding, and Reproduction
The Wonderful World of Sponges
Sponge Structure
●
The bodies of many sponges are only 2 layers thick
●
Their bodies are covered in many small pores (holes) that
let water in. The word
“Porifera” means “pore bearing.”
Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera since they use
pores to eat!
Sponge Structure conti
nued...
●
Sponges have no symmetry and no circulatory system
●
Water leaves the sponge through a large hole at the top
called the
osculum.
●
Many sponges have spikes between the inner and outer
layer of cells. These spikes form a rigid frame that helps
support the sponges body. It also helps keep away
hungry fish!
A close up of a
sponge’s skeleton
Sponge Snacking
●
Sponges feed by straining food from
the water
●
They eat bacteria and small protists
●
Special cells inside the body of the
sponge called
collar cells
trap the food
particles as they pass through. Collar
cells have tail-like structures the beat
back and forth to move water through
the sponge.
Walk like a Sponge
Sponge
larvae
can actually
swim
around until they
find a
new place to live. Then they attach
themselves to a
surface and become
sessile
(sessile=doesn’t move)
Sponge larvae-
those purple
threads on the top
help them move!
Sponge Reproduction
●
Sexual reproduction-A male sponge release sperm into the
water at the same time a female spong
e releases eggs.
The sperm fertilize the eggs in the water.
After the eggs
are fertilized, a larv
ae
forms. The larvae swims to a new
place
attaches itself.
The new sponge is not identical to
either parent sponge.
●
Asexual reproduction-Budding is when a new sponge
grows off the body of the original sponge. The bud
eventually breaks off and becomes a new sponge. The
new sponge is genetically identical to the original.
Explore the incredible world of sponges, from their unique structure with tiny pores to their feeding habits straining food from water. Learn about sponge larvae, reproduction through sexual and asexual means, and discover the wonders of these ocean-dwelling organisms.
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Presentation Transcript
Sponge Structure The bodies of many sponges are only 2 layers thick Their bodies are covered in many small pores (holes) that let water in. The word Porifera means pore bearing. Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera since they use pores to eat!
Sponge Structure continued... Sponges have no symmetry and no circulatory system Water leaves the sponge through a large hole at the top called the osculum. Many sponges have spikes between the inner and outer layer of cells. These spikes form a rigid frame that helps support the sponges body. It also helps keep away hungry fish! A close up of a sponge s skeleton
Sponge Snacking Sponges feed by straining food from the water They eat bacteria and small protists Special cells inside the body of the sponge called collar cells trap the food particles as they pass through. Collar cells have tail-like structures the beat back and forth to move water through the sponge.
Walk like a Sponge Sponge larvae can actually swim around until they find a new place to live. Then they attach themselves to a surface and become sessile (sessile=doesn t move) Sponge larvae- those purple threads on the top help them move!
Sponge Reproduction Sexual reproduction-A male sponge release sperm into the water at the same time a female sponge releases eggs. The sperm fertilize the eggs in the water. After the eggs are fertilized, a larvae forms. The larvae swims to a new place attaches itself. The new sponge is not identical to either parent sponge. Asexual reproduction-Budding is when a new sponge grows off the body of the original sponge. The bud eventually breaks off and becomes a new sponge. The new sponge is genetically identical to the original.
