Performance Studies of dRICH Detector at ePIC Experiment
The dRICH detector at
the ePIC experiment
Luisa Occhiuto, University of Calabria & INFN
Cosenza
O
n behalf of ePIC collaboration
THE ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER
Particle identification is crucial for several physics channels!
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122447
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Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider
ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
QNP2024
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THE ePIC EXPERIMENT
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider
ePIC experiment
dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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THE ePIC EXPERIMENT
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider
ePIC experiment
dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
QNP2024
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KEY CAPABILITY
Particle tracking and identification
(
PID
), aiming to separate electrons
from pions, kaons and protons.
Different techniques for PID adopted in
the ePIC detector are shown
IP6
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment
dRICH detector
Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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dRICH
SCHEMATIC
FORWARD PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION (dRICH)
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Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment
dRICH detector
Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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DD4HEP GEOMETRY DETAILS
C
2
F
6
Gas Volume
120 cm (full) z-lenght
Spherical mirror with radius 220 cm
6 azimuthal sectors
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment
dRICH detector
Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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SiPM sensors tiled on spheres
realistic PDE and additional
70% safety factor
PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH
N
σ
separation in function of momentum
Momentum [GeV/c]
Momentum [GeV/c]
Momentum [GeV/c]
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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Resolution of
Cerenkov angle
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LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT)
These provide a way to
reconstruct PID
before having full reconstruction included in the software
The methodology is the following:
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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Final particle is
identified according
to the corresponding
probability
LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT)
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
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95% efficiency of
pion identification
form momentum >
12.5 GeV/c !!
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LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT)
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
QNP2024
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REQUIREMENTS FOR AEROGEL AND FOR THE GAS
Baseline
Type-1 (n=1.026)
Type-2 (n=1.03)
Higher refractive index = higher photon yield
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector
Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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All studies done
with nominal
aerogel. Now we
need to optimize it!
Sigma = 0.75 mrad
Sigma = 0.45 mrad
Sigma = 0.45 mrad
Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-1 (n=1.026)
Gain in performance (wrt baseline),
3.5-4 GeV/c more!
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization
SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
QNP2024
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Better optical properties
Higher refractive index
Improved separation
Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03)
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization
SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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SiPM SENSORS
HAMA S13360-3050
HAMA S13360-3075
HAMA S14160-3050
PRO
Single photon detection;
High Photon Detection Efficiency;
Good time resolution;
Insensitive to magnetic field.
Cheap
Low voltage operation
CONS:
Large Dark Count Rate
Prone to radiation damage
For further details pay attention
at Pietro Antonioli’s talk!
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization
SiPM sensors
Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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TEST BEAM @ CERN
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors
Test-beam
Summary
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10 GeV/c positive beam
with no selection applied
Reconstructed radii at
10 GeV/c with no
selection applied
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P
dRICH @ ePIC experiment SUMMARY
Studies ongoing
:
a.
Several studies on the optimization of
aerogel
.
b.
New
LUTs.
c.
Reconstruction algorithm.
d.
Analysis from the
test beam
@ CERN.
References:
o
https://agenda.infn.it/event/34631/contributions/202597/attach
ments/107489/151768/chchatte_eic_net.pdf
o
https://indico.bnl.gov/event/17621/contributions/70624/subcont
ributions/2121/attachments/45449/76684/dilks__drich.pdf
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPM sensors Test-beam
Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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THANKS!
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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Backup
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH
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PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH
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Performance Comparison of new Aerogel Type-1 (n=1.026)
New type-1 Aerogel provides ring resolution capable to perform PID ~ 18-19 GeV (@eta=2.0), baseline
aerogel is limited only upto 15-16 GeV
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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Pseudorapidity dependency
is seen also for type-2 aerogel
for fixed azimuthal angle
Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03)
Introduction: The Electron- Ion Collider ePIC experiment dRICH detector Performance studies
Aerogel Optimization
SiPM sensors Test-beam Summary
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
QNP2024
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Performance: N
σ Separation
of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03)
luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch
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COMPARISON SPE TYPE-1 vs TYPE-2
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COMPARISON SPE TYPE-1 vs TYPE-2
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Performance: N
PE and Resolution vs
η
of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03)
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"The Electron-Ion Collider ePIC experiment focuses on the performance studies of the dRICH detector for particle identification crucial in various physics channels. The detector features aerogel optimization, SiPM sensors, and test-beam analyses. Key capabilities include different techniques for particle tracking and identification as well as requirements for particle separation at various momenta. The implementation of the dRICH detector with dual radiators and SiPM sensors for forward particle identification up to 50GeV/c momentum coverage showcases the innovation in the field. Collaborative efforts by Luisa Occhiuto from the University of Calabria and INFN Cosenza contribute significantly to the ePIC collaboration."
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Presentation Transcript
The dRICH detector at the ePIC experiment Luisa Occhiuto, University of Calabria & INFN Cosenza On behalf of ePIC collaboration
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary THE ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER Collision of polarizedbeam of electron andlight nucleiorheavynucleiuptoU. HighLuminosity 1034?? 2? 1. Spanning over wide in COM energy 20-140 GeV; Twopossibleinteractionpoint. e J e L* (Q2) x+ x- ~ ~ H, H, E, E (x, ,t) p p t Semi-Inclusive DIS Exclusive Reactions Inclusive DIS Particleidentificationiscrucialfor severalphysicschannels! https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122447 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 1
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary THE ePIC EXPERIMENT luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 2
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary THE ePIC EXPERIMENT ?/Kseparationrequirements: Backward pfRICH Upto9GeV/c Central hpDIRC + ToF Upto6GeV/c Forward dRICH + ToF Upto50GeV/c Particle tracking and identification (PID), aiming to separate electrons frompions,kaonsandprotons. KEYCAPABILITY Different techniques for PID adopted in theePICdetectorareshown luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 3
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary dRICH SCHEMATIC IP6 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 4
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary FORWARD PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION (dRICH) Requirements: Highmomentumcoverageupto50GeV/c -K Dualradiator(aerogel(n~1.02)+C2F6gas(n~1.0008)) Wideacceptance(+-300mrad/1.5<? <3.5) Largesensorsurfacetobecoveredinmagneticfield: Limitedchoiceofphoton-sensor(SiPMasacosteffectivesolution) Aerogel Gas luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 5
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary DD4HEP GEOMETRY DETAILS Sphericalmirrorwithradius220cm 6azimuthalsectors Aerogel 4cm radius110cm SiPMsensorstiledonspheres realistic PDE and additional 70%safetyfactor C2F6 GasVolume 120cm(full)z-lenght luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 6
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH N separation in function of momentum N? N? N? Momentum [GeV/c] Momentum [GeV/c] Momentum [GeV/c] @ >2.5 we achieve 3 with ??GeV/c of momentum for the aerogel and ?? GeV/c for the gas. luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 7
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH A E R O G E L 2.0 < ? > 2.5 G A S 2.0 < ? > 2.5 Resolution of Cerenkov angle 2.0 < ? > 2.5 2.0 < ? > 2.5 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 8
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT) TheseprovideawaytoreconstructPIDbeforehavingfullreconstructionincludedinthesoftware Themethodologyisthefollowing: 01: 02: 03: Final identified to the corresponding probability particle according is LUTs give the probability, atafixedmomentumandat fixed ? , the dRICH has correctly identified particle A particle is simulated with acertainmomentumand? the luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 9
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT) AEROGEL ? K ? P ? ? ??,? 95% efficiencyof pionidentification formmomentum> 12.5 GeV/c !! K ? K K K P ??,? P ? P K P P ??,? Momentum [GeV/c] Momentum [GeV/c] Momentum [GeV/c] luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 10
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary LOOK-UP TABLES (LUT) GAS ? K ? P ? ? K P K ? K K P ? P K P P luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 11
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary REQUIREMENTS FOR AEROGEL AND FOR THE GAS Allstudies done with nominal aerogel. Nowwe needto optimizeit! Sigma = 0.45 mrad Sigma = 0.45 mrad Sigma = 0.75 mrad Type-1 (n=1.026) Type-2 (n=1.03) Baseline Higherrefractiveindex = higherphotonyield In order to achieve at least a 3 pion/Kaon separation above 50 GeV/c we need a ???? ?????????? ( ??? ???) around 0.3 mrad. luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 12
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-1 (n=1.026) Gain in performance (wrtbaseline), 3.5-4 GeV/c more! Significantlylargernumberofphotons, 1.5timesmoreNph! luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 13
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03) Better optical properties Higher refractive index Improved separation +, =0, =2.0 @ =2.0 we achieve 3 with ??GeV/c of momentum for the aerogel. luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 14
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary SiPM SENSORS PRO Single photondetection; High PhotonDetectionEfficiency; Good time resolution; Insensitivetomagneticfield. Cheap Low voltageoperation HAMA S13360-3050 HAMA S13360-3075 CONS: LargeDarkCountRate Prone toradiationdamage HAMA S14160-3050 Expected DCR 300 kHz for each SiPMchannel. Time window of probabilityofhitnoiseper 1ns. Expected noise hits ??? per eventin3 105SiPMssystem 1 ns 3 10 4 Forfurtherdetailspayattention at Pietro Antonioli stalk! luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 15
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary TEST BEAM @ CERN Reconstructed radii at 10 GeV/c with no selection applied P ?+ ?+ 10 GeV/c positive beam with no selection applied Hamamatsu S13360-3050 Hamamatsu S13360-3075 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 16
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary dRICH @ ePIC experiment SUMMARY 1. ThedRICHiscapableof3 ?/Kseparationslightlyabovethan 50GeV/cintheforwardregion. Emission point uncertainty enhances due to spherical aberrationinthelowerrapidity,PIDlimitedto35GeV/c. The aerogel with a refractive index of n=1.026 produces a greater NPE compared totheaerogel with n=1.02and provides betterresolutionat3 . LUTsconsistentwithN separationresults. 2. 3. 4. Studiesongoing: a. Several studies on the optimization of aerogel. b. New LUTs. c. Reconstructionalgorithm. d. Analysisfromthetestbeam@CERN. References: o https://agenda.infn.it/event/34631/contributions/202597/attach ments/107489/151768/chchatte_eic_net.pdf o https://indico.bnl.gov/event/17621/contributions/70624/subcont ributions/2121/attachments/45449/76684/dilks__drich.pdf luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 17
THANKS! luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 18
Backup luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 19
PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH A E R O G E L 1.5 < ? > 2.0 2.0 < ? > 2.5 2.5 < ? > 3.5 1.5 < ? > 2.0 2.0 < ? > 2.5 2.5 < ? > 3.5 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 20
PERFORMANCE STUDIES dRICH 2.0 < ? > 2.5 2.5 < ? > 3.5 G A S 1.5 < ? > 2.0 1.5 < ? > 2.0 2.0 < ? > 2.5 2.5 < ? > 3.5 luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 21
Performance Comparison of new Aerogel Type-1 (n=1.026) New type-1 Aerogel provides ring resolution capable to perform PID ~ 18-19 GeV (@eta=2.0), baseline aerogel is limited only upto 15-16 GeV luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 22
Introduction: The Electron-Ion Collider ePICexperiment dRICHdetector Performance studies Aerogel Optimization SiPMsensors Test-beam Summary Performance Comparison of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03) Pseudorapidity is seen also for type-2 aerogel forfixedazimuthalangle dependency luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 23
Performance: N Separation of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03) luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 24
COMPARISON SPE TYPE-1 vs TYPE-2 Type-1 Baseline ? ?.?mrad ? ?.??mrad Type-2 ? ?.??mrad luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 25
COMPARISON SPE TYPE-1 vs TYPE-2 Type-1 Baseline ? ?.?mrad ? ?.??mrad Type-2 ? ?.??mrad luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 25
Performance: NPE and Resolution vs of Aerogel Type-2 (n=1.03) luisa.occhiuto@cern.ch QNP2024 26
