Effective Persuasion Strategies: Logos, Pathos, and Ethos
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Three different ways to prove your point
Logical Appeals
(
logos
)- convincing reasons
and the logical evidence that supports those
reasons
Facts
Statistics
Expert opinion
Example
Factual anecdote
Emotional Appeals
(
pathos
)- used to stir feelings
in the reader (i.e., happiness or anger)
◦
Loaded words/language-
really positive or negative
sounding words
◦
Short anecdote that plays
to audience’s emotions
◦
Appeal to senses by including vivid sensory
details (taste, smell, hearing, touch, sight)
Ethical Appeals
(
ethos
)- based on character,
credibility, and/or reliability of the author
◦
Makes the audience believe the author is
reasonable (willing to listen, compromise)
◦
Demonstrates the author’s knowledge,
credibility and/or expertise of the topic
◦
Demonstrates that the writer “knows” the
readers and respects them
◦
Focuses more on the author, not the topic
While all three appeals can be used and/or
analyzed separately, the strongest and most
persuasive arguments use a mixture of all three
appeals.
It is important that you consider who your
audience is when you are using persuasive
appeals.
We the youth of America, waste 15,000
hours watching TV by the time we
graduate from high school.
Logos
: use of statistic
Pathos
: connotations of the words
waste
Ethos
: use of
we
to show reasonability
The animal shelter desperately needs your support. It
is overflowing with lonely little kittens who spend
their days mewing and whimpering and staring
forlornly out of their cramped crates.
Emotional appeal (pathos)
I deserve the position because I have worked faithfully
for the past 30 years. I always go above and beyond
what is expected of me. I was even selected as
“Employee of the Month.”
Ethical appeal (ethos)
According to a study by CNN, 28% of teenagers report
that they could manage without a TV.
Logical appeal (logos)
Each small group will be a different superhero.
The earth is in danger and I must choose one
superhero to defend mankind as we know it.
Using logos, pathos, and ethos, your group
must convince me that your superhero deserves
the honor of saving the world.
Superhero Name
Logos
Pathos
Ethos
3-5 items in each column
Learn about three powerful ways to strengthen your arguments and make them more convincing: logical appeals (logos), emotional appeals (pathos), and ethical appeals (ethos). Discover how to use facts, statistics, expert opinions, loaded language, sensory details, and author credibility to appeal to different aspects of your audience's reasoning, emotions, and values. Combine these appeals for the most persuasive impact tailored to your audience.
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Presentation Transcript
Logical Appeals and the logical evidence that supports those reasons Facts Statistics Expert opinion Example Factual anecdote Logical Appeals ( (logos and the logical evidence that supports those reasons Facts Statistics Expert opinion Example Factual anecdote logos) )- - convincing reasons convincing reasons
Emotional Appeals in the reader (i.e., happiness or anger) Loaded words/language really positive or negative sounding words Short anecdote that plays to audience s emotions Appeal to senses by including vivid sensory details (taste, smell, hearing, touch, sight) Emotional Appeals ( (pathos in the reader (i.e., happiness or anger) Loaded words/language- - really positive or negative sounding words Short anecdote that plays to audience s emotions Appeal to senses by including vivid sensory details (taste, smell, hearing, touch, sight) pathos) )- - used to stir feelings used to stir feelings
Ethical Appeals credibility, and/or reliability of the author Makes the audience believe the author is reasonable (willing to listen, compromise) Demonstrates the author s knowledge, credibility and/or expertise of the topic Demonstrates that the writer knows the readers and respects them Focuses more on the author, not the topic Ethical Appeals ( (ethos credibility, and/or reliability of the author Makes the audience believe the author is reasonable (willing to listen, compromise) Demonstrates the author s knowledge, credibility and/or expertise of the topic Demonstrates that the writer knows the readers and respects them Focuses more on the author, not the topic ethos) )- - based on character, based on character,
While all three appeals can be used and/or analyzed separately, the strongest and most persuasive arguments use a mixture of all three appeals. It is important that you consider who your audience is when you are using persuasive appeals. While all three appeals can be used and/or analyzed separately, the strongest and most persuasive arguments use a mixture of all three appeals. It is important that you consider who your audience is when you are using persuasive appeals.
We the youth of America, waste 15,000 hours watching TV by the time we graduate from high school. We the youth of America, waste 15,000 hours watching TV by the time we graduate from high school. Logos Pathos Ethos Logos: use of statistic Pathos: connotations of the words Ethos: use of : use of statistic : connotations of the words waste : use of we waste we to show reasonability to show reasonability
The animal shelter desperately needs your support. It is overflowing with lonely little kittens who spend their days mewing and whimpering and staring forlornly out of their cramped crates. Emotional appeal (pathos) I deserve the position because I have worked faithfully for the past 30 years. I always go above and beyond what is expected of me. I was even selected as Employee of the Month. Ethical appeal (ethos) According to a study by CNN, 28% of teenagers report that they could manage without a TV. Logical appeal (logos) The animal shelter desperately needs your support. It is overflowing with lonely little kittens who spend their days mewing and whimpering and staring forlornly out of their cramped crates. Emotional appeal (pathos) I deserve the position because I have worked faithfully for the past 30 years. I always go above and beyond what is expected of me. I was even selected as Employee of the Month. Ethical appeal (ethos) According to a study by CNN, 28% of teenagers report that they could manage without a TV. Logical appeal (logos)
Each small group will be a different superhero. The earth is in danger and I must choose one superhero to defend mankind as we know it. Using logos, pathos, and ethos, your group must convince me that your superhero deserves the honor of saving the world.
Superhero Name Logos Pathos Ethos 3-5 items in each column
