Effective Communication Strategies in Business Environments

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Explore the various aspects of communication processes within organizations, including sender-receiver dynamics, communication channels, small group networks, upward and downward communication methods, business communication tools, information richness of channels, email and voice mail etiquette, and interpersonal communication challenges. The content delves into encoding and decoding messages, gender differences in communication, and offers insights into enhancing communication effectiveness.


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  1. The Communication Process Sender Receiver Channel Message to be sent Encoded message Message received Message decoded NOISE Feedback

  2. Wheel All Channel Chain

  3. Small Group Networks and Effective Criteria Networks Criteria Chain Wheel All Channel Speed Moderate Fast Fast Accuracy High High Moderate Emergence of Leader Moderate High None Member Satisfaction Moderate Low High

  4. Upward Communication Serial communication Attitude surveys Focus groups Exit interviews Suggestion boxes Third party facilitators 4

  5. Downward Communication Bulletin boards Policy manuals Newsletters Intranets 5

  6. Business Communication Memos Telephone calls Email (and IM, TM, Blogs) Voice mail Face-to-face meetings Committee meetings Videoconferencing 6

  7. Information Richness of Communication Channels Prerecorded speeches Live speeches Formal reports, bulletins Online Discussion Groups Video conferences High Channel Richness Low Channel Richness Memos, letters Voice mail Face-to-face conversations Telephone conversations Electronic mail

  8. Email Etiquette and Voice Mail Etiquette 8

  9. Interpersonal Communication Three problem areas: Intended message versus message sent Message sent versus message received Message received versus message interpreted 9

  10. Sender Receiver Encodes Message Sends Message Receives Message Decodes Message I hear her say I think she means What I want to say What I say 10

  11. Gender Differences in Communication (Tannen, 1986 & 1990) Men Talk about major events Tell the main point Are more direct Use uh-huh to agree Are comfortable with silence Concentrate on the words spoken Sidetrack unpleasant topics Women Talk about daily life Provide details Are more indirect Use uh-huh to listen Are less comfortable with silence Concentrate on nonverbal cues and paralanguage Focus on unpleasant topics 11

  12. Noise 12

  13. Nonverbal Cues 13

  14. Use of Space Intimacy zone Personal distance zone Social distance zone Public distance zone 14

  15. Use of Time 15

  16. Paralanguage 16

  17. Artifacts Our office What we wear The car we drive The house we live in 17

  18. When we have too much information, we tend to: Assimilate Sharpen Level 18

  19. Reactions to Information Overload Omission Error Queuing Escape Use of a gatekeeper Use of multiple channels 19

  20. Listening Styles (Geier & Downey, 1980) Leisure Inclusive Stylistic Technical Empathic Nonconforming 20

  21. Other Factors Emotional State Bias Cognitive Ability Drugs and Alcohol 21

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