Earth's Representation: Globe vs. Map

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Based  on  Chapter –2
Representation  of  Earth
PRESENTED BY – V. SUDHARANI
TEACHER (PRT)
 
Globe; A model showing the accurate shape  of  the  earth.
Map: A  representation of  the  earth or a  part of  it,  drawn on a flat
surface as  per  the scale.
Three-dimensional: An object that has height,width and depth.
Two-dimensional: An object with length andwidth.
Cartography:  The science of  map- making.
Scale: The  ratio of distance  between  two points on  a map with the
actual  distance  between  the  same  points  on  the  ground.
Direction: Indicator  of  the location  and position of  the places in
relation to  each  other.
Thematic  map:  A  map  representing  a  particular  theme  or  feature.
Political  map:  A map  showing  cities,  towns,  states  and  countries  of
the  world.
Physical  map: A  map representing relief  features  like mountains,
plains, plateaus etc.
Atlas:  A  collection  of  maps  of  the  world,  the  continents  and
selected  countries.
Plan:  A   layout  of   very  small   area.
 
Q1) What  is a  globe?
Ans. A model  showing  the  accurate shape of  the earth.
Q2) Why is globe a correct representation of  the earth? Give one  reason?
Ans. Because it  represents the three dimensional view of the earth.
Q3) What are the limitations of a globe?
Ans. A globe does not show  details such  as towns, villages, roads, railways
etc.of  a country. Also it is difficult to carry  away.
Q4) Why is  a globe considered  a perfect  representation of the  earth? Give any
three reasons?
Ans. a) A globe  represents  the  three  dimensional  view  of  the  earth. It
shows  the  shape  of  the  oceans  and  the  continents  correctly.
b) It gives  us a  better  idea  of  parallels  i.e., latitudes  and  meridians  i.e.
longitudes.
c) It  helps us to understand how  day  and night occur  and how seasons are
caused.
 
Q1) What is  a map?
Ans. It is a representation of  the earth or a part  of it, drawn on a flat surface according to
the scale.
Q2) State  any four uses of a map.
Ans. a) It is useful for showing large areas as well as very small areas.
b) Very minute details can also be shown on a map.
c) Several geographic, natural and cultural elements such as mountains, hills, rivers etc. can
be shown on a map.
d) A map can  be folded, rolled or bound in a book and carried easily.
Q3) Give the  main demerits of a map  as compared to a globe?
Ans.a) A map does not give us a three dimensional  view  of  the  earth.
b) It does  not  show  the  shape  of  the oceans  and  the  continents  correctly.
c) It  does
  not  give  us  a clear  idea  of  latitudes  and  longitudes . It  does  not  help  us  to
understand  how  day  and  night occur  and  how  seasons  are  caused.
d) A  map  does  not  give  us  an  idea  about  the  tilt  of  the  earth,s  axis.
 
Q1) When  and  where the  earliest  map  was made?
Ans. The  earliest  map  was  made in 2300B.C. in Mesopotamia(Iraq).
Q2) Explain about the earliest map?
Ans. It  was made on a clay tablet. But the  maps  of the earliest  period
were not clear. They only showed the  boundary of the land.
Q3) Who was the first cartographer?
Ans.Ptolemy, an Egyptian, was the first  cartographer.
Q4) Why is  Ptolemy  called the  father  of  map- making?
Ans. He  made  the map  of the world  according  to  scale and  direction. He
was  the  first  person  to  represent  the earth  as a sphere.
Q5) How  did  Eskimos make  maps?
Ans. They  made  maps  by  sewing  skins of  animals  of  different  colours.
Q6)  The  ancient  maps  were  mere  sketches. How?
Ans. The  ancient  maps  were  based  on  memory  and  information. They
were  not  drawn  using  a  scale.
 
Q1) What is  a  scale ?
Ans. A scale  refers to the ratio between the distance on a map and the
actual  distance  on the  ground.
Q2) Name the cardinal points along with intermediate directions.
Ans. North, South, East and West are the  cardinal points  of the compass.
Other intermediate directions are North-west, South-west, South-east  and
North-east.
Q3) What is  a  compass?
Ans. A  compass  is  an  instrument  used  to  find  directions.
Q4) Why  is  the  scale  an important  component  of  a  map?
Ans. A  map  shows  a  large  area  on  a  small  sheet  of  paper.  Each map
is  drawn  according  to  a  scale. The  map  scale  is  the  ratio  of  distance
between  two  points  on  a  map  with  the  actual  distance  between  the
same  points  on  the  ground.  For  example:  if  the  distance  of  5km  on
ground  is  represented  as  1cm  on  the  map, the  scale  written  on  the
map  shall  be  1cm = 5km.  The  same  can  be  represented  on  a  scale,
which  is  called  linear  scale.
 
Q1) Why  do  we  use symbols  in  a  map?
Ans. In  a  map, forests, rivers, hills, railway lines  and  roads are  shown by  some
common  symbols. With  the  help  of  common symbols we  find  it  easy  to  read  a
map made  in  any  country without  knowing  the  languages  of  that  country. The
symbols make  the  map  reading  easy  and  quick.
Q2)  How  do  conventional symbols help  in reading  maps?
Ans. With  the  help  of  conventional  symbols, we  can   read  a  map  made  in  any
country  without  knowing  the  languages  of  that  country. These  symbols  make  the
map  reading  easy  and  quick.
Q3) Define  colour  scheme.
Ans. There  is  a  common  colour  scheme  used  to  show  different  relief  features  on
a  map.  For  example:  blue  colour  is  used  for  showing  water bodies,  green  colour
is  used  for  showing  low  lands  and  plains,  plateaus  and  hills  are  showing  by
yellow  and  orange  colours,  while  brown  colour  is  used  for  showing  mountains.
Snow-capped  areas  are  shown  by  using  white  colour.
 
Q1) Distinguish  between  large  scale  map and
small  scale  map.
Ans. Small scale  map:  A small  scale  map
represents  large  area on  a  small scale.
A continent  or  a  country  can be  shown in a small
scale map.
In  this  map  details are  not  shown.
Large  scale  map: A  large  scale map  represents a
small  area on  a  large  scale.
A  wall  map  of  a  town,  city or  village  is called  a
large  scale  map.
In  this  map  more  details  about  a  small  area
are shown.
 
Q1) What  is  a  plan  or  sketch?
Ans. A  plan  is  a  layout  of  very  small  area  like  a  building,  a
factory,  a playground  etc. It  is  drawn  on a comparatively  large
scale  and some  directions.
Q2) What  is  an  atlas?
Ans. An  atlas  is  a  collection  of  maps of  the  world,  the
continents and  selected  countries. It  may  also include information
and diagrams  dealing  with  various  topics  like  the  solarsystem,
geographical  features  of  the  earth,  population  data  etc.
Q3) Mention  one  feature  of  the  computer  generated  map.
Ans. The  computer  generated  map  is  very  accurate,  sharp  and
neat.
 
Q1) Distinguish  between  a  physical  and  a
political  map.
Ans. Physical  map: These  maps  represent relief
features  like  mountains,  plains and plateaus,
rivers, lakes etc.
Political  map:  These maps  show  cities, towns,
states and  countries of  the world.
Q2)  What  is  a thematic  map?
Ans. A  thematic  map emphasises a particular
theme  or  special  topic,  such  as  average
distribution  of  rainfall,  distribution  of  crops,
minerals,  population,  lines  of  transport  etc.  In
an  area.
 
.
 
Help  box: globe, sketch, compass,  cartography,  snow- capped, North,
physical  map,  small area,  A  map,  political  map.)
1)
A______ represents  the  three  dimensional view  of  the  earth.
2) The  technique or  skill  of  making  maps  is  called ____.
3) ______ is  a  drawing  of a  small  area  drawn  from  one’s  observation
and  memory  without  directions.
4) A______ is  a device  consisting  of  a  magnetic  needle,  which  always
points  to  the  north.
5) _______ areas  are  shown  by  using  white  colour  on  maps.
6)
The  top  of  an  arrow  in  a  map  indicates_____________.
7)
_________ map  represents  relief  features  like  mountains,  plateaus,
plains  and  deserts.
8) Large  scale  maps  are  used  for  ________________.
9) ________ is  a  representation  of  the  earth  drawn  on  a  flat  surface.
10) ________ map  showing  cities, towns, states  and  countries  of  the
world.
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Explore the representations of Earth through globes and maps, understanding their differences, limitations, and significance. Discover the world of cartography, from three-dimensional globes to two-dimensional maps, and learn about the history and development of map-making from ancient times to modern methods.


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  1. Based on Chapter 2 Representation of Earth PRESENTED BY V. SUDHARANI TEACHER (PRT)

  2. Globe; A model showing the accurate shape of the earth. Map: A representation of the earth or a part of it, drawn on a flat surface as per the scale. Three-dimensional: An object that has height,width and depth. Two-dimensional: An object with length andwidth. Cartography: The science of map- making. Scale: The ratio of distance between two points on a map with the actual distance between the same points on the ground. Direction: Indicator of the location and position of the places in relation to each other. Thematic map: A map representing a particular theme or feature. Political map: A map showing cities, towns, states and countries of the world. Physical map: A map representing relief features like mountains, plains, plateaus etc. Atlas: A collection of maps of the world, the continents and selected countries. Plan: A layout of very small area.

  3. Q1) What is a globe? Ans. A model showing the accurate shape of the earth. Q2) Why is globe a correct representation of the earth? Give one reason? Ans. Because it represents the three dimensional view of the earth. Q3) What are the limitations of a globe? Ans. A globe does not show details such as towns, villages, roads, railways etc.of a country. Also it is difficult to carry away. Q4) Why is a globe considered a perfect representation of the earth? Give any three reasons? Ans. a) A globe represents the three dimensional view of the earth. It shows the shape of the oceans and the continents correctly. b) It gives us a better idea of parallels i.e., latitudes and meridians i.e. longitudes. c) It helps us to understand how day and night occur and how seasons are caused.

  4. Q1) What is a map? Ans. It is a representation of the earth or a part of it, drawn on a flat surface according to the scale. Q2) State any four uses of a map. Ans. a) It is useful for showing large areas as well as very small areas. b) Very minute details can also be shown on a map. c) Several geographic, natural and cultural elements such as mountains, hills, rivers etc. can be shown on a map. d) A map can be folded, rolled or bound in a book and carried easily. Q3) Give the main demerits of a map as compared to a globe? Ans.a) A map does not give us a three dimensional view of the earth. b) It does not show the shape of the oceans and the continents correctly. c) It does not give us a clear idea of latitudes and longitudes . It does not help us to understand how day and night occur and how seasons are caused. d) A map does not give us an idea about the tilt of the earth,s axis.

  5. Q1) When and where the earliest map was made? Ans. The earliest map was made in 2300B.C. in Mesopotamia(Iraq). Q2) Explain about the earliest map? Ans. It was made on a clay tablet. But the maps of the earliest period were not clear. They only showed the boundary of the land. Q3) Who was the first cartographer? Ans.Ptolemy, an Egyptian, was the first cartographer. Q4) Why is Ptolemy called the father of map- making? Ans. He made the map of the world according to scale and direction. He was the first person to represent the earth as a sphere. Q5) How did Eskimos make maps? Ans. They made maps by sewing skins of animals of different colours. Q6) The ancient maps were mere sketches. How? Ans. The ancient maps were based on memory and information. They were not drawn using a scale.

  6. Q1) What is a scale ? Ans. A scale refers to the ratio between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground. Q2) Name the cardinal points along with intermediate directions. Ans. North, South, East and West are the cardinal points of the compass. Other intermediate directions are North-west, South-west, South-east and North-east. Q3) What is a compass? Ans. A compass is an instrument used to find directions. Q4) Why is the scale an important component of a map? Ans. A map shows a large area on a small sheet of paper. Each map is drawn according to a scale. The map scale is the ratio of distance between two points on a map with the actual distance between the same points on the ground. For example: if the distance of 5km on ground is represented as 1cm on the map, the scale written on the map shall be 1cm = 5km. The same can be represented on a scale, which is called linear scale.

  7. Q1) Why do we use symbols in a map? Ans. In a map, forests, rivers, hills, railway lines and roads are shown by some common symbols. With the help of common symbols we find it easy to read a map made in any country without knowing the languages of that country. The symbols make the map reading easy and quick. Q2) How do conventional symbols help in reading maps? Ans. With the help of conventional symbols, we can read a map made in any country without knowing the languages of that country. These symbols make the map reading easy and quick. Q3) Define colour scheme. Ans. There is a common colour scheme used to show different relief features on a map. For example: blue colour is used for showing water bodies, green colour is used for showing low lands and plains, plateaus and hills are showing by yellow and orange colours, while brown colour is used for showing mountains. Snow-capped areas are shown by using white colour.

  8. Q1) Distinguish between large scale map and small scale map. Ans. Small scale map: A small scale map represents large area on a small scale. A continent or a country can be shown in a small scale map. In this map details are not shown. Large scale map: A large scale map represents a small area on a large scale. A wall map of a town, city or village is called a large scale map. In this map more details about a small area are shown.

  9. Q1) What is a plan or sketch? Ans. A plan is a layout of very small area like a building, a factory, a playground etc. It is drawn on a comparatively large scale and some directions. Q2) What is an atlas? Ans. An atlas is a collection of maps of the world, the continents and selected countries. It may also include information and diagrams dealing with various topics like the solarsystem, geographical features of the earth, population data etc. Q3) Mention one feature of the computer generated map. Ans. The computer generated map is very accurate, sharp and neat.

  10. Q1) Distinguish between a physical and a political map. Ans. Physical map: These maps represent relief features like mountains, plains and plateaus, rivers, lakes etc. Political map: These maps show cities, towns, states and countries of the world. Q2) What is a thematic map? Ans. A thematic map emphasises a particular theme or special topic, such as average distribution of rainfall, distribution of crops, minerals, population, lines of transport etc. In an area.

  11. .

  12. Help box: globe, sketch, compass, cartography, snow- capped, North, physical map, small area, A map, political map.) 1) A______ represents the three dimensional view of the earth. 2) The technique or skill of making maps is called ____. 3) ______ is a drawing of a small area drawn from one s observation and memory without directions. 4) A______ is a device consisting of a magnetic needle, which always points to the north. 5) _______ areas are shown by using white colour on maps. 6) The top of an arrow in a map indicates_____________. 7) _________ map represents relief features like mountains, plateaus, plains and deserts. 8) Large scale maps are used for ________________. 9) ________ is a representation of the earth drawn on a flat surface. 10) ________ map showing cities, towns, states and countries of the world.

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