Connectors: Linking Words in English Grammar
Welcome everybody
English Grammar
and Composition
Class IX
Time : 45 Minutes
Date : 16/02/2020
Nurul Aziz
Assistant Teacher
Krishnakumari City
Corporation Girls’ High School,
Nandankanan, Chittagong
E mail :
naziz13.na@gmail.com
Mobile : 01843773924
What does a bridge do?
A bridge
connects people
from both the
sides of a river /
for easy
communication.
Similarly,
when we want
to connect
words, sentences or
clauses, we need such a bridge of words or phrase. For
example…notice the function of the underlined words.
Karim
and
Rahim are students.
I went there
but
did not see him
.
Though
he is poor, he is honest.
Since
it rained all day long, they could not go out.
Let him do
whatever
he likes.
Do you find any similarity of bridge with
the words ‘
And
’ and ‘
but
’ ‘
Since
’
‘
Whatever
’ above ?
If yes, what can you call them?
Connectors
Our today’s lesson is
Connectors or Linkers
Class : IX
Unit : 09/07
Page : 153
Learning
outcomes
After the end of the lesson students will
be able to know…
Say about linkers
Boast vocabulary stock
Identify linkers in a sentence
Apply linkers appropriately
What is linking word?
Linking words are words that join clauses into
sentences.
.
There are three main types of Linking words
•
Conjunctions
•
Sentence connectors
•
Subordinators
Independent Clause
Conjunctions are most common form of linking
words.
For, And , Nor, But, Or , Yet, So (FANBOYS)
Example:
Successful students work hard
and
they organize their time
effectively.
Independent Clause
Conjunction
Independent Clause
Conjunctions
are like traffic signs that
tell the readers when to go forward,
turn, slow down and stop.
Use appropriate linking words in the blanks.
We should hate the sin (a)
not
the sinner.
The sinners are persons (b)
us. We
should motivate (c)
correct them. It may
(d)
happen that one day they will be
better persons (e)
what we are now.
but
like
also
than
and
Group Work
Sentence
Connectors
Sentence connectors are used to….
link ideas from one sentence to another
give paragraphs coherence.
introduce order, contrast, sequence
ideas, theory, data etc.
Logical/Sequential order
Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly etc.
Next, Last, Finally
In addition
Furthermore
Also
At present/presently
Sentence
Connectors
Summarizing
In short
In summary
In brief
In a nutshell
In conclusion
To summarize
We use these words
usually at the
beginning of a
sentence to give a
summary of what we
have said or written.
Sentence
Connectors
Order of importance
Most/more importantly
Most significantly
Above all
Primarily
It is essential/ essentially
Sentence
Connectors
Contrast
However
On the other
hand
On the contrary
By (In)
comparison
In contrast
Result
As a result
As a
consequence
Therefore
Thus
Sentence
Connectors
Comparison
Similarly
Likewise
Also
Reason
The reason for
The cause of
Sentence
Connectors
Use appropriate linking words in the blanks.
Farmers of Bangladesh (a)
live in a small
(b)
poor (c)
populous country,
cannot manage to eat even two square meal a day,
(d)
lead a luxurious life. (e)
they remain uncared, there will be no hope for the
nation.
and
who
let alone
If
but
Pair Work
Subordinators are linking words that are
used to join clauses together. They are
used at the beginning or in the middle of
a sentence.
Although
he is poor, he is honest.
Subordinator
Subordinators
Comparison and Contrast
Although
Though
Even though
While
Whereas
Cause and effect
Since
So that
Because
Subordinators
Possibility
If
As if
Whether
Unless
Time
After
When
Until
Whenever
Before
Place and
Manner
Wherever
How
Where
Subordinators
Adding
information
And
In addition
As well as
Also
Too
Furthermore
Moreover
Apart from
Besides
a) Read attentively
you will fail.
b)
his illness, he came to school.
c)
He said
he would come here in time.
d) They cut down trees recklessly.
, forest lands are shrinking.
e) He gave me
food
shelter.
Use appropriate linking words in the blanks.
otherwise
In spite of
that
As a result
but also
not only
Individual Work
Use appropriate linking words in the blanks.
Yesterday I went to the house of one of my friends. I
wanted to meet him. (a)
I did not find him
there (b)
he had already gone out. (c)
I was talking to his mother (d)
left
a
note with her. (e) ,
I left the house .
but
Then
So
and
as
Evaluation
Use appropriate linking words in the blanks.
a)
Samia works……..she may earn her living.
b)
Morning walk costs nothing……..gives more.
c)
He is…….gentle……..polite.
d)
………….his illness, he came to school.
e)
Wait here………..you can.
Home Work
Welcome everybody
Thank you.
• As this section of grammar needs extensive practice , teachers are requested to add anything extra as
Explore the role of connectors as the bridges that connect words, sentences, or clauses together for effective communication in English grammar. Learn about different types of linking words such as conjunctions, sentence connectors, and subordinators, and understand their functions through practical examples.
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Presentation Transcript
Nurul Aziz Assistant Teacher Krishnakumari City Corporation Girls High School, Nandankanan, Chittagong E mail : naziz13.na@gmail.com Mobile : 01843773924 English Grammar and Composition Class IX Time : 45 Minutes Date : 16/02/2020
What does a bridge do? A bridge connects people from both the sides of a river / for easy communication.
Similarly, when we want to connect words, sentences or clauses, we need such a bridge of words or phrase. For example notice the function of the underlined words. Let him do whatever he likes. Since it rained all day long, they could not go out. I went there but did not see him. Karim and Rahim are students. Though he is poor, he is honest.
Do you find any similarity of bridge with the words And and but Since Whatever above ? If yes, what can you call them? Connectors
Our todays lesson is Connectors or Linkers Class : IX Unit : 09/07 Page : 153
Learning outcomes After the end of the lesson students will be able to know Say about linkers Boast vocabulary stock Identify linkers in a sentence Apply linkers appropriately
What is linking word? Linking words are words that join clauses into sentences.. There are three main types of Linking words Conjunctions Sentence connectors Subordinators
Conjunction Conjunctions are most common form of linking words. For, And , Nor, But, Or , Yet, So (FANBOYS) Example: Successful students work hard and they organize their time effectively. Independent Clause Independent Clause Independent Clause
Conjunctions are like traffic signs that tell the readers when to go forward, turn, slow down and stop.
Group Work Use appropriate linking words in the blanks. but We should hate the sin (a) The sinners are persons (b) should motivate (c) (d) happen that one day they will be better persons (e) than not the correct them. It may sinner. We us. like and also what we are now.
Sentence Connectors Sentence connectors are used to . link ideas from one sentence to another give paragraphs coherence. introduce order, contrast, sequence ideas, theory, data etc.
Sentence Connectors Logical/Sequential order Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly etc. Next, Last, Finally In addition Furthermore Also At present/presently
Sentence Connectors Summarizing In short In summary In brief In a nutshell In conclusion To summarize We use these words usually at the beginning of a sentence to give a summary of what we have said or written.
Sentence Connectors Order of importance Most/more importantly Most significantly Above all Primarily It is essential/ essentially
Sentence Connectors Contrast However On the other hand On the contrary By (In) comparison In contrast Result As a result As a consequence Therefore Thus
Sentence Connectors Reason The reason for The cause of Comparison Similarly Likewise Also
Pair Work Use appropriate linking words in the blanks. who Farmers of Bangladesh (a) (b) poor (c) cannot manage to eat even two square meal a day, (d) lead a luxurious life. (e) they remain uncared, there will be no hope for the nation. populous live in a small country, and but let alone If
Subordinators Subordinators are linking words that are used to join clauses together. They are used at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. Although he is poor, he is honest. Subordinator
Subordinators Comparison and Contrast Although Though Even though While Whereas Cause and effect Since So that Because Possibility If As if Whether Unless
Subordinators Adding information And In addition As well as Also Too Furthermore Moreover Apart from Besides Time After When Until Whenever Before Place and Manner Wherever How Where
Individual Work Use appropriate linking words in the blanks. a) Read attentively you will fail. otherwise In spite of b) his illness, he came to school. c) He said he would come here in time. d) They cut down trees recklessly. , forest lands are shrinking. As a result that e) He gave me food shelter. not only but also
Evaluation Use appropriate linking words in the blanks. Yesterday I went to the house of one of my friends. I wanted to meet him. (a) there (b) he had already gone out. (c) I was talking to his mother (d) note with her. (e) , Then I did not find him but as left a So and I left the house .
Home Work Use appropriate linking words in the blanks. a) Samia works ..she may earn her living. b) Morning walk costs nothing ..gives more. c) He is .gentle ..polite. d) .his illness, he came to school. e) Wait here ..you can.
Welcome everybody Thank you.
