Post exposure prophylaxis - PowerPoint PPT Presentation


Surgical Prophylaxis and Antimicrobial Selection Guidelines in Surgery

Surgical prophylaxis involves administering antibiotics before contamination of previously sterile tissues to prevent infections. Common pathogens in surgical site infections include skin flora like S. aureus. Antimicrobial selection is based on the surgical procedure, likely pathogens, and safety c

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Update on HIV and AIDS Prevention Guidelines 2022

This update highlights key points from the PMK No. 23/2022 on combating HIV, AIDS, and STIs. It covers terminologies, goals for eliminating HIV and AIDS by 2030, and strategies such as PrEP and PEP. The guidelines emphasize timely interventions like Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) and Pre-Exposure P

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Understanding NHANES Data for Environmental Exposure Studies

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a crucial population-based survey in the U.S. that collects data on health and nutritional status. This data supports various applications, including assessing human exposure to environmental chemicals. NHANES conducts biomonitoring to qua

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Occupational Heat Exposure Control and Prevention Practices

Occupational Heat Exposure Control and Prevention Practices at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology covers training for workers exposed to excessive heat, pre-test evaluation, objectives focusing on heat stress and exposure, understanding heat and heat stress, human body's response to h

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Understanding the Significance of Exposure in EEOICPA Procedures

Delve into the complexities of exposure assessment in the context of EEOICPA procedures, examining the nuances of significant exposure levels and their impact on causation determination. Explore proposed recommendations for refining exposure assessment metrics to enhance causation evaluation.

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Understanding HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) and Prevention

HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is a crucial emergency medical response for individuals exposed to HIV, aiming to prevent infection. It involves a regimen of medications, tests, and counseling services initiated within 72 hours of exposure. HIV transmission occurs through body fluids like blood,

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Understanding Rabies: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

Rabies is an acute and highly fatal viral disease of the central nervous system, caused by Lyssavirus type 1. It is a zoonotic disease that affects warm-blooded animals such as dogs, cats, bats, racoons, skunks, and foxes. The disease is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of a rabid an

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Key Changes in Global Fund's Grant Cycle 7 (GC7) for 2023-2025 Allocation Cycle

New Programme Essentials introduced in GC7 focus on critical interventions to achieve global targets on HIV, TB, and Malaria, emphasizing human rights, gender equality, and community responses. The essentials cover areas such as HIV prevention, testing, treatment, and care, including key elements li

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Nitrous Oxide Occupational Exposure Guidelines and Monitoring

This information covers the occupational exposure to nitrous oxide, including its uses, chemical description, routes of exposure, health effects, monitoring methods, and regulatory exposure limits. Nitrous oxide is a colorless gas with various applications in medical, dental, and food processing ind

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Understanding Radiation Safety for XL2 Analyzers

The Niton Model XL2 analyzer uses an X-ray tube that emits radiation when turned on, requiring adherence to the ALARA principle to minimize exposure. Factors like time, distance, and shielding play crucial roles in managing radiation exposure. Learn how to stay safe while using the XL2 analyzer to e

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Understanding Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde

Occupational exposure to formaldehyde is common in various industries and settings, including medical laboratories and mortuaries. Formaldehyde is used as a preservative, embalming agent, and in the manufacture of various products. It poses health risks through inhalation and skin exposure, potentia

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Antibiotic Prophylaxis Compliance in Rural Queensland Hospitals

Antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial in surgeries to prevent infections. This study aims to determine compliance with prophylactic antibiotic use in surgeries conducted at Gympie, Dalby, and Kingaroy general hospitals in Southeast Queensland. The primary objective is to compare adherence to guidelines

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Biomedical Recommendations for Doxycycline Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

This clinical guideline discusses the use of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. It provides evidence-based recommendations for offering doxy-PEP to individuals engaging in condomless sex

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Enhancing Pesticide Exposure Assessment for Epidemiological Studies

Focuses on IMPRESS project aiming to improve methodologies for assessing occupational pesticide exposure in epidemiological studies. Reviews challenges in retrospective exposure assessment, proposes methodologies, and presents key project results to date, emphasizing the use of various exposure asse

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Pesticide Exposure Assessment in Farmers from Malaysia, Uganda, and the United Kingdom

This study evaluates the impact of pesticide exposure on farmers' health in Malaysia, Uganda, and the UK using urinary biomarker concentrations. Multiple cohorts are analyzed to assess associations between exposure-modifying factors and urine metabolite measurements. The IMPRESS project focuses on i

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Understanding Personal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

This presentation explores the exposure of individuals to PBDEs in residential indoor air, highlighting the background, commercial uses, exposure pathways, and previous studies on PBDEs. It discusses the objectives, methods, results, and conclusions of a study aiming to quantify indoor air exposure

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Photography Basics: Understanding Camera Exposure and Metering

Explore the fundamentals of camera exposure, including aperture, shutter speed, ISO, and metering modes. Learn how to control exposure settings, utilize different metering modes, and troubleshoot common exposure issues to enhance your photography skills.

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Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure: HIV Post Exposure Prophylaxis Regimen

Take immediate action for exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV and Hepatitis C through a post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen. Administer PEP within 48 hours for increased-risk exposures like needle sticks or contact with infected fluids. Coordinate evacuation if needed and conduct Rapid Dia

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Understanding Cyanide: Sources, Exposure, and Risks

Cyanide is a toxic compound found in various forms such as gases, solids, and liquids that can be harmful to humans and animals. Sources of cyanide exposure include natural processes, industrial activities, plant sources, and combustion products like cigarette smoke. The extent of poisoning depends

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Occupational Pesticide Safety and Health Concerns

Occupational safety and health issues related to pesticide exposure are a significant concern globally. Limited surveillance data on pesticide exposure and related illnesses are available, with a high percentage of farmers being affected annually. Various occupations beyond farming also face potenti

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Understanding Attraction and the Mere Exposure Effect

Explore the dynamics of attraction and romantic love, delving into why we are drawn to certain individuals and how familiarity influences our feelings. Uncover key factors such as proximity, attractiveness, and similarity, along with the intriguing concept of the mere exposure effect, which elucidat

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Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in ICU - Adverse Reactions Reporting Guidelines

Guidelines for reporting adverse reactions in Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit (SUP-ICU), including definitions of Adverse Reactions (AR), Serious Adverse Reactions (SAR), Adverse Events (AE), Serious Adverse Events (SAE), SARs in SUP-ICU, and SUSARs. Specific conditions considere

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Understanding DNA Methylation and Cadmium Exposure in Utero: An Epigenetic Analysis

Explore the complex relationship between DNA methylation and in utero exposure to cadmium through a set of informative slides created by Dana Haine, MS. Learn about the impacts of DNA methylation on gene expression and how changes in methylation levels can lead to gene silencing or activation. Disco

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Occupational Safety and Health Concerns with Crystalline Silica Exposure

Crystalline silica exposure poses serious health risks, including chronic silicosis, lung cancer, COPD, and kidney diseases. OSHA addresses this issue through programs like NEP, enforcing exposure limits, and requiring safety measures in the construction industry such as respiratory protection and e

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Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Perioperative Care

Explore the rational approach to perioperative antibiotic use, the importance of antibiotic stewardship in the operating room, and guidelines for selecting and administering antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections. Understand when antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary, which antibiotics to use

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Occupational Exposure Guidance Relating to Asbestos

Asbestos-related diseases such as asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma pose risks to workers, especially those in specific occupations. The EEOICPA Circular No. 15-05 provides guidance on assessing potential asbestos exposure for Department of Energy (DOE) workers post-1986, emphasizing the nee

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F/TAF vs. F/TDF for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: DISCOVER Study Findings

Study results reveal that F/TAF provides rapid onset and longer sustained HIV protection compared to F/TDF in pre-exposure prophylaxis. The randomized noninferiority trial included 2694 participants with a primary analysis at weeks 48 and 96. Disclosure statements indicate involvement of various hea

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PACT ACT of 2022: Addressing Comprehensive Toxics Exposure for Veterans

The PACT ACT of 2022, spearheaded by Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson, aims to address comprehensive toxics exposure issues for veterans. The bill includes provisions such as expanded healthcare, improved VA services, recognition of burn pit exposure, enhancement of compensation for Persian Gulf

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Understanding Economic Exposure in International Finance

Explore the concepts of economic exposure and translation exposure in international finance through a case study of Savor Co., a U.S. firm with business units in Europe. Learn how regression analysis is used to assess exposure to currency movements and identify potential hedging strategies to mitiga

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Understanding Environmental Impacts on Housing: Regulating Pollution Exposure Pathways

Explore the regulatory framework for managing pollutant exposure in homes, highlighting the complexity of exposure pathways and the importance of assessing risks based on toxicity and exposure levels. The discussion covers various exposure pathways such as drinking water, air quality, dermal contact

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Renal Function Monitoring in the PROUD Study: Truvada Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Trial

Renal function in the PROUD study, a pragmatic open-label randomized trial of Truvada as pre-exposure prophylaxis, was monitored closely. No significant safety concerns were found, with similar renal adverse events between the placebo and Truvada groups. Regular monitoring included baseline serum cr

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American Society of Hematology 2021 Guidelines for Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients

The American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2021 guidelines provide recommendations for preventing and treating venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. The guidelines cover primary prophylaxis for hospitalized medical patients and those undergoing surgery, emphasizing the use of thromboprophyl

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Guidelines for HIV Testing During Pregnancy and Postpartum

These guidelines recommend HIV testing during pregnancy, at delivery, and postpartum. Testing should be done early in pregnancy and again in the third trimester. Expedited testing during labor is required for certain patients, and syphilis testing is recommended. Pre-exposure and post-exposure proph

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Comparing Adherence to HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among New Male PrEP Users Initiating F/TAF vs. F/TDF

This study aims to describe real-world use patterns and HIV seroconversion rates for individuals using emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) vs. emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF) as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. The retrospective analysis includes newly

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Comprehensive Guide to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Prevention

Learn about the importance of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for preventing HIV acquisition in sexually active individuals, including the need for HIV testing, indications for PrEP, and identifying acute HIV infection. This guide emphasizes the significance of offering PrEP to all at-risk individua

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HIV Opportunistic Infections and Prophylaxis Overview

Opportunistic infections (OI) are a major concern for individuals with HIV, often accelerating disease progression and causing severe complications. Prophylactic measures such as TB prophylaxis, Clo-trimazole, and Fluconazole are essential to prevent OIs and improve the overall health outcomes of pe

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Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in ICU Data Entry System - SUP-ICU Overview

Dive into the Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit (SUP-ICU) data entry system led by Dr. Soeren Marker Jensen. Explore screening, randomization, site overview, and data entry processes. Access participant details, edit submitted data, and learn about data entry guidelines. Enter the

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Apixaban for Thromboembolic Prophylaxis in COVID-19: APOLLO Trial Results

Patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of thrombotic events, and antithrombotic regimens have shown varied results in previous trials. The APOLLO trial investigated the use of apixaban for prophylaxis in outpatients with additional risk factors. Results indicated that low-dose apixaban did not si

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Clinical Response to PFAS Exposure in the General Population

Exposure to PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) is prevalent among Americans, with pregnant women showing detectable levels. Screening for health effects of exposure includes assessing cholesterol, thyroid function, and other symptoms. There is no known safe level of PFAS exposure, and orderi

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Understanding the Long-Term Effects of Lead Exposure

Lead exposure can have detrimental effects on individuals, especially children. From damaging neurons to causing behavioral issues and slow development, the impact of lead exposure can be severe. Prevention through identifying sources of exposure and living safely with lead is crucial. Lead test kit

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