Molecular orbitals - PowerPoint PPT Presentation


Asia-Pacific Molecular Diagnostics Market

Asia-Pacific Molecular Diagnostics Market\nAsia-Pacific Molecular Diagnostics Market by Product & Service (Kits, Instruments) Test Type (Lab, PoC) Technology (PCR, ISH, Sequencing, INAAT, Microarray) Application (Infectious Diseases, Oncology) End User (Hospitals, Diagnostic Lab)

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Crystal Field Theory in Transition Metal Complexes

Crystal Field Theory (CFT) explains the colors and magnetic properties of transition metal complexes. It focuses on the energy changes in d-orbitals of metal ions caused by surrounding ligands. This theory, developed in 1929, provides insights into the bonding interactions in complex compounds. The

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Understanding Molecular Dynamics: Insights from Across Scales

Exploring molecular dynamics from molecules to pandemics, this presentation delves into the intricate energy landscapes of molecular systems, sampling problems, advanced techniques, and analysis of simulations to uncover valuable insights crucial for various scientific disciplines like drug discover

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Understanding Molecular Docking in Bioinformatics

Explore the world of molecular docking in bioinformatics through in silico approaches, learning about protein-ligand interactions, modes of docking, different docking approaches, and the theory of enzymes. Discover how this computational method helps predict the binding affinity and conformation of

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Evolutionary Models in Molecular Biology

Differences in functional and structural constraints across sites lead to varying rates of evolution in molecular sequences. Understanding the complexities of site-specific rates, among-site rate variation, site-specific rates models, invariable sites model, and continuous methods is crucial for acc

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Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Alkynes

Chapter three delves into the world of alkynes, focusing on their structure, hybridization, bonding, nomenclature, physical properties, preparation, and reactions. Alkynes are hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond, forming a homologous series with the molecular formula CnH2n-2. The sp hybridiza

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History of Molecular Biology: Key Experiments and Discoveries

This content covers the introduction and brief history of molecular biology, highlighting key experiments such as the work of Freidrich Miescher, Griffith's transformation experiment, and Avery-MacLeod-McCarty's proof of DNA as the genetic material. It explores the early understanding of macromolecu

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Genetics and Molecular Biology Lecture Series by Dr. Madan K. Bhattacharyya

Explore a comprehensive lecture series covering Genetics, Molecular Genetics, and Recent Advances in Plant Breeding by expert Dr. Madan K. Bhattacharyya. Delve into topics such as gene structure, transcription, translation, and the central dogma of molecular biology through informative visuals and v

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Exploring Supramolecular Chemistry: Insights and Applications

Supramolecular chemistry delves into the chemistry of molecular assemblies, intermolecular bonds, and non-covalent interactions, leading to the formation of supra-molecules through aggregation of molecular subunits. Concepts like molecular recognition, self-organization, and host-guest chemistry pla

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Understanding Hybridization in Organic Chemistry

Delve into the complexities of the Lewis octet model and the insights provided by Linus Pauling's localized valence bond hybridization model to explain bond shapes in molecules, reactivity trends, and electron distribution in double and triple bonds. Discover how hybridization transforms atomic orbi

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Understanding Infrared Spectroscopy and Molecular Vibrations

Exploring the fascinating world of infrared spectroscopy and molecular vibrations. Learn about the different regions of the infrared spectrum, Hooke's law, vibrational frequencies, and the types of molecular vibrations. Discover how bond strength, reduced mass, and wave numbers are interconnected in

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Understanding Ligand Field Theory in Octahedral Complexes

Ligand Field Theory explains the bonding interactions between metal and ligand orbitals in octahedral complexes. This theory involves the combination of metal and ligand orbitals to form molecular orbitals, leading to specific electronic configurations. The overlap of metal and ligand group orbitals

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Comprehensive Overview of Molecular Diagnostics, Cytogenetics, and Forensic Biology

Explore a detailed curriculum covering molecular diagnostics, traditional disease diagnosis methods, genetic disorders, cytogenetics, molecular techniques, biochemical tests, PCR applications, immunoassays, and forensic biology including microbial forensics, entomology, botany, serology. Lectures co

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Understanding Crystal Field Theory in Chemistry

Crystal Field Theory (CFT) explains how electron orbital degeneracies, particularly d or f orbitals, are affected by a static electric field generated by neighboring anions. In CFT, the metal ion is considered positive while ligands are negative charges, leading to attractive and repulsive forces af

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PCR and Blot Techniques in Molecular Biology

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a crucial technique for amplifying specific DNA segments rapidly and accurately. Developed in 1983, PCR is widely used in various fields such as molecular biology, forensics, evolution, and medical diagnostics. On the other hand, the Blot technique transfers DNA, R

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Understanding Gene Mutations in Molecular Biology

Gene mutations play a significant role in molecular biology, leading to alterations in DNA sequences that can impact offspring. These mutations can arise spontaneously or be induced by various factors, such as mutagens. Understanding gene mutations is crucial for comprehending the genetic basis of c

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Understanding Covalent Bonds and Molecular Structure in Organic Chemistry

The neutral collection of atoms in molecules held together by covalent bonds is crucial in organic chemistry. Various structures like Lewis and Kekulé help represent bond formations. The concept of hybridization explains how carbon forms tetrahedral bonds in molecules like methane. SP3 hybrid orbit

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Understanding Quantum Chemistry and Electron Orbitals

Quantum chemistry plays a key role in determining chemical bonds, phase stabilities, and mineral physics through the study of electron orbitals, quantum numbers, and energy levels. This involves concepts such as the Schrödinger equation, quantum quantities, and the uncertainty principle. The arrang

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Understand Molecular Structures with Lewis Dot Symbols

Explore the world of molecular structures with Lewis dot symbols in this chemistry unit. Learn about valence electrons, covalent bonding, and the HONC 1234 rule through engaging activities and discussions. Create accurate structural formulas and describe bonding in molecular substances. Get ready to

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Kinetic Molecular Theory and States of Matter in Physical Pharmacy

The lecture by Assistant Prof. Dr. Fouadalssady in physical pharmacy delves into the Kinetic Molecular Theory, elucidating how gases consist of particles in constant motion with negligible volume. It explains the relationship between kinetic energy, temperature, and the transition from gas to liquid

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Understanding Angular Overlap Method in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry

Exploring the Angular Overlap Method (AOM) in advanced inorganic chemistry provides a qualitative discussion on the physical rationale behind the theory of complexes. By considering the interaction of atomic orbitals and the degree of overlap, AOM offers insights into energy quantification in coordi

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Understanding Atomic Orbitals and Electron Arrangement

Learn about the properties of atomic orbitals and how they determine the distance from the nucleus and the shape of orbitals. Explore the main energy levels, sublevels, and the arrangement of electrons following the Aufbau Principle within an atom.

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Breast Cancer Survival Disparities by Molecular Subtypes in the US

Breast cancer molecular subtypes play a crucial role in determining survival outcomes. This study by Nadia Howlader, PhD, from the National Cancer Institute, presented the first nationally representative estimates of breast cancer survival by four main molecular subtypes. The research aimed to under

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Understanding Alkynes in Organic Chemistry

Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond, following a molecular formula of CnH2n-2. This group of compounds is discussed in Chapter three, covering topics like structure, hybridization, common naming, physical properties, preparation, and reactions. The sp hybridization of

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Understanding Density Functional Theory in Chemistry

Density Functional Theory (DFT) plays a crucial role in chemistry by uniquely determining molecular properties based on electron density. The Hohenberg-Kohn Theorem establishes the foundation, with the goal of finding an exact energy functional expressed in terms of density. Various concepts like th

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Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry Lecture 1 Overview

Explore the fundamentals of quantum mechanics in chemistry, focusing on electron behavior, orbital solutions, bonding, and interactions. Learn about the role of different orbitals, resonance, and orbital mixing in the Schrödinger equation to understand molecular structure and behavior.

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Understanding Organic Chemistry: Carbon Atoms and Molecular Diversity

In organic chemistry, carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms, leading to molecular complexity and diversity. The versatile nature of carbon allows for the formation of various carbon skeletons, contributing to the vast array of organic compounds. Hydrocarbons, consist

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Introduction to Molecular Biology: Historical Insights and Key Experiments

Molecular biology is a field that focuses on understanding the behaviors of macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins. This summary discusses the history of molecular biology, including the work of Friedrich Miescher and Griffith's experiment, which demonstrated the transfer of genetic material. Th

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Crystal Field Theory and Color Exhibited by Coordination Compounds

Crystal Field Theory (CFT) explains the colors exhibited by coordination compounds based on the absorption of light and electron transitions in d-orbitals. The theory describes how ligands interact with transition metal ions, causing the d-orbitals to split in energy levels. This split results in th

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Understanding Molecular Shapes in Chemistry: A Practical Approach

Explore the fascinating world of molecular structures and properties by delving into the concept of molecular shape using formaldehyde (CH2O) as a model. Understand how the number of electron domains and bonding affect the overall shape of molecules, with practical activities to enhance learning.

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Understanding Potato Photosynthesis: Molecular Models and Chemical Changes

Explore the process of photosynthesis in potato plants through molecular models and chemical changes at different scales, from atomic-molecular to macroscopic. Learn how potato plants produce food through biosynthesis and cellular respiration, connecting the atomic-molecular scale to the macroscopic

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Understanding Molecular Vibrations in Vibrational Spectroscopy

Explore the world of molecular vibrations and their significance in vibrational spectroscopy. Learn about the different types of vibrations in diatomic and triatomic molecules, the concept of degrees of freedom, and how atoms change positions to create varying bond lengths and angles. Discover the r

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Exploring Molecular Biology and Cell Science

Molecular biology delves into the study of biology at the molecular level, focusing on gene structure and functions to comprehend hereditary traits, genetic variation, and gene expression patterns. Cells, the fundamental units of life, vary in shape and function but share basic structures. The Three

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Understanding the Influence of Molecular Weight on Polymer Flow Behavior

Molecular weight plays a critical role in determining the flow behavior of polymers above their glass transition temperature or melting point. The zero shear viscosity of polymers is directly related to their molecular weight, with significant changes in viscosity observed even with small difference

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Understanding Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy in Chemistry

Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy in chemistry involves the absorption of light energy by molecules, dependent on their electronic structure. This process, also known as electronic spectrum, entails energy transitions of electrons in molecular orbitals. The region of the electronic spectrum inclu

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Understanding Atomic Orbitals: Counting, Subshells, Energies, and Electrons

Learn about the basics of atomic orbitals, including the counting of orbitals in shells and subshells, the distribution of electrons in different energy levels, and the symmetrical nature of orbital labeling. Dive into the rules governing electron placement based on quantum mechanics and explore the

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Understanding Colour in Organic Molecules through Conjugated Systems

Conjugated systems in organic molecules exhibit alternating single and double bonds, leading to unique molecular orbitals and absorption patterns. With increased conjugation, molecules can absorb visible light, producing vibrant colors like the red from lycopene in tomatoes.

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The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Advancing Research in Life Sciences

Founded in 1906, the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) is a prominent organization that explores the fundamental chemistry of life and intricate interactions among biological molecules. ASBMB publishes prestigious research journals covering various fields such as microb

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Understanding Non-Covalent Pi-System Interactions in Molecular Structures

Non-covalent interactions play a crucial role in chemical selectivity and molecular recognition. This article discusses the significance of Pi-system interactions, including Pi-Pi and Cation-Pi interactions, in stabilizing molecular structures like DNA helices and G-quadruplexes. Insights into molec

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Polymer Molecular Weight Exercise Analysis

This exercise involves calculating the number average and weight average molecular weights, as well as the polydispersity index (PDI) for a sample of polystyrene composed of fractions with different molecular weights. The analysis includes determining the number of moles in each fraction, calculatin

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