Exploring the definitions of infant mortality and safe sleep practices, this content delves into the Infant Mortality Ratio (IMR) and Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) Mortality Ratio. Data sources such as vital records and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) shed light on th

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Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart condition characterized by a hole in the septum between the heart's ventricles. This defect can lead to various complications and is often associated with chromosomal disorders. Different types of VSD exist, each requiring tailored treatme

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Embark on a journey through the fascinating world of embryology with Dr. Sanaa Al Sharawi and Dr. Essam Salama. Delve into the definition, significance, and developmental periods of embryology, learning about prenatal and postnatal stages, common terminologies like oocyte and zygote, and critical pe

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Newborn screening is a screening program for infants under which pre-symptomatic congenital conditions are detected so that treatment can be commenced as soon as possible to prevent or reduce the long-term consequences of the disease. These programs are usually run by the national or state governing

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The Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act of 1994 in India aims to curb female foeticide and address the dwindling sex ratio by prohibiting prenatal sex determination. This legislation regulates diagnostic methods, prevents sex selection, and focuses on detecting genetic disorders, metabolic abnormalit

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Salivary gland affections in animals, particularly dogs, are discussed, highlighting the main pairs of salivary glands and their locations. The content covers details on the parotid, mandibular, sublingual, and zygomatic glands, along with their respective ducts. Information on congenital and acquir

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Affections of the jaw in animals can range from congenital conditions to inflammatory diseases like gnathitis and lymphadenitis. Paralysis of the lower jaw, gnathitis from bit injuries, and lymphadenitis are discussed, along with their etiology, clinical signs, and treatment options such as general

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The Margaret Hackett Family Program at UChicago Medicine is dedicated to advancing care and research for patients with congenital anomalies of the central nervous system. Through pillars focused on providing compassionate care, establishing a network of experts, creating resources for navigating tre

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Understanding the impact of obesity stigma as a stressor throughout the lifecourse is essential, especially concerning pregnancy. The prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity poses significant risks, leading to various maternal complications like gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, an

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Glaucoma, the 3rd leading cause of blindness in Uganda, is primarily managed by General Ophthalmologists across 20 hospitals in the country. Uganda lacks Glaucoma subspecialists and specialized nurses. Equipment availability varies among hospitals. Cases in Uganda are typically identified through re

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This clinical case study focuses on a pediatric patient presenting with abdominal enlargement and a history of delayed development. Key aspects covered include birth and maternal history, immediate postnatal course, developmental milestones, and past medical history. The diagnosis process involves c

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Diseases of the Hair, Wool, Follicles, and Skin Glands covers various conditions like alopecia, hypotrichosis, and the failure of follicles to develop or produce fibers. It discusses causes, pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatments related to hair and skin issues. The content delves into cong

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Inability or reduced ability to fertilize the ovum due to testis, epididymis, or accessory sex gland pathology is known as Impotentia Generandi. This condition can be associated with normal or abnormal semen production, affecting fertility in male animals. Factors like congenital or acquired defects

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Clinical registries play a crucial role in tracking real-world data and outcomes for various medical conditions. They are observational databases that collect data systematically for specific purposes. Distinct from clinical trials, registries provide insights into broader patient populations and re

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Microcephaly is a medical condition characterized by a smaller than normal head circumference due to underdeveloped or halted brain growth. It can be congenital or develop postnatally, with varying degrees of severity and associated anomalies. Pathogenesis is complex, involving genetic and environme

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Understand the coding guidelines for newborn conditions, including the identification of clinically significant conditions, the use of supplemental oxygen and bag ventilation, and the classification of congenital anomalies. Learn when to assign procedure codes and how to interpret the ICD-9-CM Offic

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Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea, often associated with congenital anomalies. This article covers TEF clinical presentation, prevalence, diagnosis, management, and anesthesia considerations. Understanding TEF and its related syndromes is

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Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition characterized by systemic and pulmonary congestion due to the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood for the body's metabolism. It is closely linked to age and involves pathophysiology related to preload, afterload, contractility, and heart rate. Man

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This presentation covers the pathophysiology, associated anomalies, diagnosis, consequences, and management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). It discusses prenatal interventions, postnatal strategies, anesthetic considerations, and long-term concerns in CDH repair. Understanding the complexi

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Social Vulnerability in Congenital Syphilis cases among mothers in Indiana is a pressing issue. Despite being preventable, the rise in cases signals a failure in detection and care systems. The trend of increasing cases is associated with a rise in infectious syphilis among women. This qualitative a

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Anorectal malformations are congenital abnormalities involving the development of the anal canal and sphincter muscles. They may present with imperforate anus, fistulous connections, or rectal atresia. Classification in males and females helps in determining the types of surgical treatments required

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Inability or reduced ability to fertilize the ovum due to testicular pathology is known as Impotentia Generandi. It can be associated with abnormal or apparently normal semen production, affecting the fertility of male animals. Conditions such as brucellosis, cryptorchidism, and congenital defects l

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This surgical plan outlines the step-by-step process for repairing hypospadias, a congenital condition affecting the male urethra and penis. The procedure includes strategies for scrotoplasty, reconstructing penile skin, glans suturing, urethrotomy, and catheterization. Detailed instructions are pro

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Choledochal cysts are congenital anomalies of the biliary tract characterized by cystic dilatation at various segments. They can lead to complications like biliary cirrhosis and recurrent pancreatitis. Clinical features include jaundice, abdominal pain, and right epigastric mass. Early detection is

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Learn about pediatric neck masses, their causes including congenital, inflammatory, and malignant factors, and the embryology and anatomy behind them. Detailed insights are provided on the branchial system, its arches, pouches, and the structures they contribute to in the neck. Dr. Nitin Sharma, a h

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Explore congenital hand abnormalities such as macrodactyly, trigger thumb, clasped thumb, preaxial deficiency, and syndromes like Holt-Oram Syndrome and Fanconi Anemia. Learn about assessment, intervention plans, and common treatments provided by experts in reconstructive plastic and hand surgery.

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Heart failure is a condition where the heart struggles to pump blood efficiently, leading to various complications. It can affect different sides of the heart, with causes ranging from coronary artery disease to valve problems. Congenital heart diseases, on the other hand, are common anomalies prese

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Akabane disease, also known as Enzootic Bovine Arthrogryposis and Hydranencephaly, is a viral illness transmitted by arthropods that primarily affects calves, lambs, and kids. The disease can lead to congenital abnormalities such as joint immobility and absence of the cerebral hemisphere. It is caus

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Paediatric cardiac surgery in India involves specialized medical procedures to treat congenital and acquired heart conditions in children. Renowned for its advanced healthcare infrastructure, India offers state-of-the-art facilities and experienced s

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Spinal canal stenosis is the abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or intervertebral foramina, leading to compression of nerves and blood vessels. It can result in symptoms such as radiculopathy, claudication, myelopathy, and more. Cervical stenosis presents with arm pain and weakness, while lumbar

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Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tied, is a congenital anomaly affecting tongue mobility. Black hairy tongue is the lengthening of papillae on the tongue surface, often temporary and resolve without treatment. Geographic tongue presents as white patches and is usually asymptomatic. Treatment opti

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WHO and UNICEF have set ambitious goals for eliminating measles and rubella, emphasizing the importance of routine immunization. Progress is tracked through reported cases, vaccine coverage, and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) in various countries of the Western Pacific Region from 2000

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This comprehensive content provides insights into the identification, examination, and classification of superflacial lumps. It covers the history, examination procedures, classification (congenital and acquired), skin anatomy, scar formation (hypertrophic and keloid), along with detailed descriptio

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Cataract is a common cause of vision loss worldwide classified into etiological and morphological categories. Senile cataract is age-related, while congenital cataract can be due to various factors. Symptoms include gradual loss of vision, glare, halos, and polyopia. Proper differential diagnosis is

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Exploring the definitions of congenital heart disease and exercise, this content delves into the benefits and risks associated with physical activity for individuals with CHD. It highlights the importance of different types of exercise, from dynamic to static, and explains the distinctions between m

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Indiana implemented pulse oximetry screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) for all newborns as mandated by state law. The legislation, effective from January 1, 2012, requires every newborn in Indiana to receive CCHD screening, with exceptions only for religious beliefs. The state wor

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There is a growing focus on antenatal assessment to prevent fetal deaths, with a decline in maternal mortality rates worldwide. The primary goal is to ensure fetal well-being, screen high-risk factors, and detect congenital abnormalities early on. Various tests like Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein

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Buried Penis is a condition where the penis is concealed by the skin surrounding the penis. This condition can be congenital and acquired by adults. For more info visit: \/\/ \/blog\/buried-penis-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatments\/

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In the upcoming event on October 17, 2023, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons will host a webinar focusing on the Congenital Heart Surgery Database along with essential updates and education for STS data managers. The session will cover a wide range of topics such as case inclusion requirements, data

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Club foot, also known as Congenital Talipes Equinovarus, is a condition characterized by a tri-planar deformity of the foot. This article covers the aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment options, and patient management strategies for club foot. It discusses the gene variations, environm

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