Condensation processes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation


Preparation of 2,3-Diphenyl quinoxaline

Quinoxaline, an organic compound, is synthesized through the condensation of benzyl with 1,2-phenylene diamine in this practical organic chemistry experiment at Salahaddin University. Quinoxaline and its derivatives have various applications in dyes, pharmaceuticals, and antibiotics. The process inv

0 views • 9 slides


Understanding Barbiturates: History, Types, and Mechanism of Action

Barbiturates are derivatives of barbituric acid, acting as depressants on the central nervous system by potentiating GABA. First synthesized in 1864, they have a rich history in medicine. Types include Amobarbital, Phenobarbital, and Pentobarbital. The synthesis of barbituric acid involves a condens

0 views • 28 slides



Aldol Condensation Reaction: Preparation of Chalcones

Chalcones are important unsaturated aromatic ketones that serve as biogenetic precursors of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. They have various medicinal and pharmaceutical applications due to their biological activities. Chalcones are easily synthesized compounds with potential therapeutic uses, making

2 views • 13 slides


Ginzburg Landau phenomenological Theory

The Ginzburg-Landau phenomenological theory explains superconductivity and superfluidity as distinct thermodynamic phases. It focuses on phase transitions characterized by singularities in specific heat at the transition temperature. Derived from BCS theory, it quantifies condensation energy, emphas

1 views • 38 slides


Understanding the Water Cycle and Its Importance in Nature

Water is essential for all life on Earth, continuously moving through different physical states in a cycle that has been occurring for over 4 billion years. The Water Cycle involves processes like evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and collection, ensuring water is always movin

11 views • 7 slides


The History of the Earth

The Earth, 4.5 billion years old, emerged from a nebula in the Milky Way Galaxy. Gravity led to the condensation of a rotating cloud into the Sun and planets. Over time, lumps collided, forming gas giants, rocky planets, and asteroids. The outer planets attracted hydrogen and helium, while the inner

2 views • 45 slides


Understanding Common Chemistry Terms and Processes

Explore essential chemistry concepts such as matter, pH, acids, bases, mixtures, solutions, vaporization, sublimation, deposition, condensation, and freezing. Learn about the different states of matter, types of mixtures, and physical changes occurring in substances. Enhance your knowledge of chemis

0 views • 39 slides


The Fascinating World of Water: A Vital Element for Life

Water is essential for life on Earth, constituting about 70% of the planet's surface. With its unique chemical makeup (H2O) and properties, water exists in three states and undergoes various physical changes. Fun facts like water's unusual behavior when it freezes add to its allure. Understanding th

1 views • 15 slides


Understanding States of Matter: Energy and Changes

Explore the energy differences between the states of matter, learn about the properties of solids, liquids, and gases, and understand how energy affects state changes through melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. Discover the roles of chloroplasts, cell walls, an

0 views • 10 slides


Understanding the Water Cycle and Environmental Conservation

Explore the water cycle processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and accumulation. Learn about watersheds, pollution, resources, leaks, and the importance of conservation. See how fertilizers impact plants and how to conserve natural resources effectively.

0 views • 11 slides


Understanding Atmospheric Thermodynamics in Second Stage Lecture

Explore key concepts in atmospheric thermodynamics, including condensation level, free convection level, and the use of thermodynamic diagrams. Learn about the process of condensation, stability levels in the atmosphere, and the significance of free convection in weather patterns. Discover why therm

0 views • 27 slides


Understanding Precipitation in Meteorology

Precipitation in meteorology is the result of atmospheric water vapor condensing and falling to Earth, a vital element of hydrology. It can occur in liquid or solid forms through processes like evaporation, cooling, condensation, and droplet growth. Different geographic and climate conditions impact

0 views • 17 slides


Benzoin Condensation: A Name Reaction Explained by Dr. Atul Kumar Singh

Benzoin condensation is a classic organic reaction where aromatic aldehydes self-condense to form α-hydroxy ketones. Dr. Atul Kumar Singh, an Assistant Professor of Chemistry, details the mechanism and the specific catalytic properties of cyanide in this reaction. The reaction involves refluxing th

0 views • 6 slides


Explaining the Water Cycle: Nature's Recycling Process

The water cycle, a crucial natural phenomenon, illustrates how water circulates in the environment. Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are key stages that define this continuous process, sustaining life on Earth.

0 views • 12 slides


Mastering Substance Writing: Key Steps and Techniques

Dr. Somali Saha introduces essential steps for drafting substance, emphasizing comprehension, selection, elimination, crafting, and reproduction. Learn to condense effectively, avoid unnecessary details, and enhance clarity, simplicity, and brevity in writing. Dive into the art of condensation by co

0 views • 7 slides


Distillation Process and Applications in Food Industry

Distillation is a separation process used in the food industry to separate components in a mixture based on their volatility. It involves vaporization, condensation, and re-evaporation to achieve separation. Steam distillation is a method where steam is used to reduce boiling temperatures for safe s

1 views • 13 slides


Distillation Process for Purifying Water

Distillation is a method used to purify water by separating it from impurities through evaporation and condensation. It involves heating the water until it evaporates, then cooling the vapor to collect the purified water. This process ensures the removal of harmful substances and microbes, resulting

1 views • 11 slides


Understanding Colloids and Their Importance in Pharmaceuticals

Colloids play a vital role in the pharmaceutical industry as heterogeneous biphasic systems with particle sizes ranging from 1nm to 100nm. They are classified based on aggregation and interaction of phases, with examples like aerosols, foams, emulsions, and more. Colloids can be prepared by condensa

0 views • 23 slides


Aldol Condensation Reaction for Benzalacetophenone Preparation

Aldol condensation is a key reaction for preparing benzalacetophenone, also known as chalcones. Chalcones are unsaturated aromatic ketones with various medicinal applications, showcasing activities like anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial effects. The reaction involves combining ben

0 views • 10 slides


Understanding Phase Transformations and Latent Heat Equation in Statistical Mechanics

In this informative piece by Dr. N. Shanmugam, Assistant Professor at DGGA College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, the concept of phase transformations in substances as they change states with temperature variations is explored. The latent heat equation is discussed along with definitions of fusion, vapo

1 views • 22 slides


Heat Transfer in Condensation Processes: Film and Dropwise Mechanisms

Film condensation inside horizontal tubes for low vapor velocity is explored, highlighting the importance of the condensation number and heat transfer coefficients. Dropwise condensation, characterized by droplets on the surface, is also discussed for its effectiveness in heat transfer. The condensa

1 views • 16 slides


Understanding the Water Cycle: Processes and Mechanisms

The water cycle involves various processes such as air uplift, condensation, and precipitation. Cloud formation, rainfall mechanisms like orographic and frontal rain, and the Bergeron-Findeisen process are explained. Activities to understand condensation on windows and cloud precipitation are includ

1 views • 13 slides


Understanding the Hydrologic Cycle and Water Distribution

The hydrologic cycle, water distribution in the hydrosphere, water usage in the United States in 2005, condensation processes forming fog, cloud types, precipitation processes including ice-crystal and coalescence processes, and types of precipitation like sleet, freezing rain, hail, and graupel are

1 views • 30 slides


Understanding Programs and Processes in Operating Systems

Exploring the fundamental concepts of programs and processes in operating systems, this content delves into the definitions of programs and processes, the relationship between them, the components of a program, what is added by a process, and how processes are created. The role of DLLs, mapped files

0 views • 22 slides


Understanding Evaporation and Condensation Through Water Molecules

Exploring the water cycle and states of matter, this lesson delves into how ideas about water molecules aid in explaining evaporation and condensation. Through diagrams, simulations, and real-life scenarios, students learn about the movement and changes of water molecules. By comparing their ideas w

0 views • 12 slides


Understanding Changes of State in Matter

Changes of state in matter refer to the physical transitions that substances undergo, such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These transitions involve the addition or removal of energy, impacting the movement of particles and their arrangement. Despite the transformations, the id

0 views • 10 slides


Understanding Cloud and Precipitation Processes in Atmospheric Science

This week's module focuses on measuring, predicting, and modeling single-column processes related to clouds and precipitation. Topics covered include ODE and PDE models, advection equations, orographic clouds, warm and cold cloud processes, condensation, warm-rain processes, and more. The importance

0 views • 17 slides


Understanding the Hydrologic Cycle and Water in the Atmosphere

Exploring the intricate processes of evaporation, condensation, and cloud formation in the atmosphere, the hydrologic cycle's closed system, and the impact of global warming on Earth's water resources. Dive into the essential concepts of water absorption, redistribution of energy, humidity, and the

0 views • 18 slides


Exploring the Water Cycle Through Keywords

Dive into the fascinating world of the water cycle by exploring key terms such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and more. Follow the journey of water as it moves from land to sea to the sky through a series of natural processes.

0 views • 13 slides


Understanding the Hydrological Cycle in Advanced Agro-Hydro-Meteorology

The hydrological cycle involves the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface, encompassing various realms such as the biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere. This cycle describes the storage and movement of water within different Earth systems an

0 views • 14 slides


Understanding the Water Cycle: Evaporation, Condensation & Precipitation

Explore the water cycle process through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Learn how air temperature affects water vapor, leading to the formation of rain and snow. Discover the importance of energy in driving the water cycle and observe examples of these phenomena in nature.

0 views • 53 slides


Understanding Abiotic Cycles in Ecosystems: Hydrologic, Carbon, Nitrogen, and More

Abiotic cycles play a crucial role in regulating ecosystems. The hydrologic cycle involves processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration. The carbon cycle relies on photosynthesis, respiration, and human activities like deforestation and burning fossil fuels. The nitroge

0 views • 20 slides


Organic Chemistry: Aldol Condensation Experiment Overview

Organic chemistry students learn about the Aldol condensation reaction involving ketones and aldehydes. The experiment involves the reaction of acetone with benzaldehyde catalyzed by sodium hydroxide to form a trans, trans-isomer. The reaction is illustrated step by step, from the formation of the e

0 views • 11 slides


Understanding Real Gases and Condensation Phenomenon

Real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior, leading to condensation at low temperatures. The van der Waals equation accounts for real gas properties with empirical constants. The Maxwell construction method predicts the saturated vapor pressure on the isotherm, crucial for understanding liquid-vapor

0 views • 13 slides


Gas Processing: Dew Point Control and Refrigeration Systems

Gas processing involves gathering raw gas from wells, passing it through various units like feed gas receiving, condensate stabilization, gas treating, dew point control, and refrigeration units to control liquid condensation and recover natural gas liquids. Dew point control helps prevent condensat

0 views • 26 slides


Exploring the Vital Role of Water in the Water Cycle and Ocean Currents

Water, the essence of life, plays a crucial role in our ecosystem through the water cycle. From evaporation to condensation, and precipitation, water moves between states, sustaining life and influencing weather patterns. Additionally, ocean currents drive the movement of water worldwide, impacting

0 views • 16 slides


Understanding Condensation and Associated Phenomena

Condensation is the process of transforming water vapor into liquid or solid forms based on relative humidity and temperature. Dew point marks the saturation temperature, leading to dew, fog, rain, frost, ice, snow, and hail. Ascending air brings moisture, while descending air causes dryness.

0 views • 5 slides


Understanding Biogeochemical Cycles and Their Impact on Earth's Ecosystems

Biogeochemical cycles involve the cycling of essential nutrients like water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur through abiotic components like water, air, soil, and rock to biotic components like plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. Humans play a significant role in these cycles, imp

0 views • 24 slides


Understanding Benzoin Condensation and Green Chemistry Aspects

Enzymes play a vital role in catalyzing organic reactions in biological systems. Benzoin condensation can be achieved using cyanide or thiamine, with thiamine offering a greener alternative. The mechanism involves the formation of a Breslow intermediate. Understanding the risks associated with cyani

0 views • 10 slides


Exploring Dark Atom Effects on Structure Formation in the Universe

Overwhelming evidence points towards the existence of dark matter in the universe, with various theoretical models such as OHe atoms and Glashow's EIMP model proposed to explain its nature. Dark OHe atoms, consisting of 2 charged particles bound with primordial He nuclei, offer a unique perspective

1 views • 8 slides